PRDC Transmission Sub-transmission Distribution Planning Analysis Design Simulation TM empowering power system engineers th nd # 5, 11 Cross, 2 Stage, West of Chord Road, Bangalore, IIA, PIN 560086 Tel: +91-80-23192159, 23192168 Fax: +91-80-23192210 prdc@vsnl.com www. prdcinfotech.com Tel: +91-80-23192159, 23192168 Fax: +91-80-23192210 prdc@vsnl.com www. prdcinfotech.com
Introduction Power System Analysis & Simulation Software Package MiPower is a highly interactive, user-friendly windows based Power System Analysis package. It includes a set of modules for performing a wide range of power system design and analysis study. MiPower features include a top notch Windows GUI with centralized database. Steady state, transient and electro-magnetic transient analysis can be performed with utmost accuracy and tolerance. Power System Network Editor Icons of all power system components. Multi-Layering of objects to view, select edit and present the results. Multi-level nesting of sub-systems. Resizing for individual drawing elements. Switching ON/OFF for all power system elements. Highlighting of study results lies within a band of minimum, normal and maximum limits. Panning to facilitate fast and easy scrolling along X and Y direction. Realtime zooming facility for the diagram to any fractions of a zoom level. Reduction of the whole drawing to any fraction to fit any paper size. GPS Interface Database Manager TM Enhanced database creation including detailed modelling of power system components. Use of advanced techniques for all studies. Studies at your fingertips - once database is created accurately any study can be conducted. User defined number of contingencies and Schedules. Splitting of database into two groups - element information and library information - avoids repetitive entry of power system elements having same parameters. Toggling Facility - Database to Network editor, Database to Graph to facilitate easier navigation. Graph Utility Multiple X and Y columns can be plotted in the same view User defined colour, thickness, symbols and number of symbols on curve, title and font. Conversion of graphs to dxf and text formats. Harmonic analysis of graphs Mathematical operations on Graphs Pick Drag and drop facility for relay curves Changing the base voltage of the plotted graphs Free Programmable Blocks Load flow Analysis Slack Bus Concept Gauss - Seidel, Newton - Raphson, Fast- DeCoupled techniques Frequency dependent, Optimal load, Ac/DC flow Multiple islanded systems Customized report facility Real & Reactive power Optimization Economic Dispatch Contingency Ranking & Analysis Short Circuits Analysis Fault levels for symmetrical and asymmetrical faults. ANSI/IEEE standards IEC standards including 363 & 909 All types of symmetrical and asymmetrical faults with and without impedance Transient Stability Study Various types of fault at user defined location Detailed representation of excitation systems, turbines governors static var compensators, power system stabilizers and HVDC controllers Load Shedding Simulation of operation of voltage / current / frequency relays and distance relays Relay Co-ordination Gives new relay settings for improved performance and computer zone settings for distance relays. Relay co-ordination can be conducted for relays of all make and with user defined characteristics for overcurrent and distance relays. Simulation option available. Voltage Instability Analysis Designed to assess the risk of Voltage instability and margin of stability during sudden disturbances, under steady state conditions. It ranks the load busses based on the L-index value and the highest L-index indicates the system collapse point. The value of L-index is zero at no load and 1 at the verge of collapsing point. Harmonic Analysis Performs three-phase harmonic load flow to compute harmonic distortion factors. Calculates harmonic transfer and driving point impedances for both transmission and distribution power systems. Dynamic Stability Analysis Performs the dynamic stability analysis in both frequency domain (Eigen value analysis) and time domain. Network Reduction Provides the static and dynamic equivalents for the power system. In case of Static equivalent, program determines the bus admittance matrix (Y bus) as seen from the desired nodes by eliminating the rest of the nodes. In case of dynamic equivalent, a single machine equivalent circuit is determined. Sub-Synchronous Resonance Frequency response method is used for analyzing the stability of sub-sysynchronous resonance, as modelled by a number of synchronous machines and an extensive series compensated transmission network. The method allows the simultaneous detailed modelling of all machine shafts and control loops and hence permits investigation of possible interaction in the subsynchronous resonance frequency band between machines in different plants. Electro Magnetic Transient Analysis Performs both transient and dynamic over voltage studies. The highest discharge currents and enrgy stresses for the protective equipment and to co-ordinated them with withstand levels of the protected equipment is determined. Over voltages, which are caused due to energization of lines, transformers and shunt elements, during fault inceptions and on clearing of faults are calculated. Line and Cable Parameter Calculation Program calculates positive and zero sequence parameters of the overhead lines and cables used in single and multi-phase configurations over a wide range of user defined frequencies and temperatures. It also calculates the mutual impedance between power and communication lines. Long Term Load Forecast Long Term Load Forecast module is designed for forecasting the energy demand during the planning stages of a power system. The salient features of this tool are Generality to apply for any type of load data Can accommodate any number of independent variable, which are very significant. The method adopts multivariate regression techniques for forecasting Capability to select the best model out of various models Three-phase Load Flow Analysis Load Flow Analysis for 3-phase four wire system. Automatic single Line Diagram Generation Designed for Simulation and testing of Control Blocks Customized Design of Governers, AVR'S, SVC'S, HVDC controllers are possible Control blocks can be linked with Transient stability for testing the performance of the system MiPower Utlities AutoCAD Interface AutoCAD Interface is a utility to convert the MiPower Network to AutoCAD and to plot the results obtained using the MiPower applications on an existing AutoCAD diagram. Ground Mat Design PowerGMD is designed to compute the substation ground grid. This is a dialog based interactive program. ASLG is a utility to generate the single line diagram of the electrical system. Input to ASLG is the MiPower database file for the particular electrical system Easy creation of network after entering he data in the database manager. Presenting network parts. Reliability Indices Available Transfer Capability Computation (Open Access feasibility) Data Import/Export Module (IEEE & Others)
PS Graphic / Network Editor SINGLE WIOW ACCESS S INGLE LINE DIAGRAMS TO ALL STUDIES GEOGRAPHICAL MAPS GENERAL DRAWINGS Released in in December April 2007 2007
PS Graphic / Network Editor with sample geographical map and network Standard Features Multi-document support Context Sensitive Help Cut / Paste / Undo / Redo Ortho mode for drawing / moving objects Dynamic Text fonts Rotation / Resizing / WYSIWYG Print preview Print / Plot onto any Windows supported printer / plotter Supported sizes A4 - A0 PS Graphic / Network Editor IEEE / IEC standard symbols Real-time Zooming / panning Single click Database Link Display of study results with SLD Dynamic load flow Creation of Contingencies Nested Networks Multi-Layers Save / Load snapshot Find a Bus / Node Element in-service / out-of-service User configurable base voltages Dynamic IEEE / IEC switch Object Z-Order control Integrated database Invoke any study - LFA, SCS And more
PS Graphic / Network Editor with sample SLD and database manager Standard Features Context Sensitive Help Quick Find Global modification of any data Tabular listing of any data Industry standard data navigation tools Deleted record tracking Central DB Features Centralized for Elements & Library User friendly, Interactive forms Solid validated library of Relays, Breakers, Generators, AVR, SVC, Fuse, Line & Cable etc. Distinct element & connectivity data Entry in Per Unit [PU] or own rating Unlimited number of contingencies Invoke any study - LFA, SCS... Apply global multiplication factor Apply global reduction factor Integrated AVR, PSS, TG, SVS Custom HVDC, AVR, PSS, TG SVS User defined unlimited branch filters User defined load characteristics Present worth calculation Generator capability curves Standard & Custom reports Additional MIS reports Creation of sub-db from master DB and more
PS Graphic / Network Editor Multi-Graph Plotter with sample Graphs and data manipulator Key Features Linear, semi-log, log scales Curve Tracing Superimpose multiple graphs User defined X - Y axis labels Device co-ordination using curves Harmonic Analysis of obtained graphs Mathematical operations on obtained curves Use of Symbols for curve identification Flexible Axis alignment Provision for modifying data at any time Standard Features Context Sensitive Help Fonts & User defined X - Y axis lables Standard WUSIWYG Print-preview / Print User defined Background color Export to AutoCAD Zoom facility
PowerLFA Feature highlights Use of sparsity technique saves memory and is faster Slack bus, Frequency dependent, Optimal and contingency ranking Fast-DeCoupled, Newton - Raphson and Gauss- Seidel methods Frequency dependent with Flat Tie-Line, Flat Frequency and Flat Tie-Line Frequency Bias Control Active / Real Optimal load flow Reactive Optimal load flow Active/Real and Reactive load flow AC-DC load flow Looped, radial and Multiple lsolated systems User-defined number of contingencies, cases User-defined filters, load characteristics, Generator capability curves User-defined frequency and base MVA Transmission line can be opened at one or both sides Representation of shunt elements in admittance /impedance Two / Multi - terminal HVDC systems Modeling six/tweleve pulse monopolar / bipolar HVDC converters with constant voltage/current/power controls. Modeling two and three winding transformers with auto tap, off nominal fixed tap and phase shift Grouping buses zone/area wise Load Flow results in plain text format Load Flow results on SLD Load Flow Analysis Load values, scheduled generation, reactor and capacitor values can be changed globally or zone wise using reduction factors. Generator Q - check limit violations after a specified number of iterations. Changing the load model from the given type to impedance type automatically, when the voltage magnitude at load bus goes below specified value to have better and realistic convergence. MVAR compensation Load shedding during under frequency to maintain the frequency at desired value. Standard and Custom reports
PowerSCS Feature highlights ANSI / IEEE standards IEEE Std 141-1986[4] IEEE C37,010-1979[1] IEEE C37,5-1979[3] IEEE C7010-1979 IEC 363 IEC 909 Symmetrical and Asymmetrical faults Faults with and without impedance Loop, radial systems Multi islanding Multi generation Multi cases and contingencies Open conductor faults Traveling shunt faults Fault at all / selected buses sequentially Fault at selected voltage level/s Earthing & Zigzag transformers First Cycle and interrupting fault rating Reactor Sizing Alerts breaker capacity violation Motor contribution to faults HVDC system contribution to faults Pre-fault voltage condition from the load flow/flat start Multiplication factors for unknown zero and negative - sequence parameters Positive, negative, zero sequence current & fault-mva Phase A, B, C current and fault MVA Peak asymmetrical current, Fault impedance R/x ratio Post-fault bus voltages, currents and impedance as seen at the relay positions Breaker fault interrupting capacity selection User defined output units Short Circuit Studies Click on a bus to introduce fault Typical Study Results Quickly plot fault currents for analysis
PowerTRS With Free Programable Blocks Feature highlights Unlimited number of disturbances Types of disturbances Three phase fault Single line to ground fault Transformer parameter variation Transmission line parameter variation Load change Generator tripping Total generation outage Excitation loss Shunt impedance change Motor start and Stop Motor starting with Auto transformer Star delta Direct Online -DOL Resistance Synchronous machine models Voltage relays, frequency relays & distance relays Standard IEEE voltage regulators Standard IEEE steam/hydro/gas turbine governors Standard IEEE power system stabilizer Standard IEEE static VAR compensators Modeling cyclic loads, like rolling mills User defined load characteristics Modeling of six pulse / twelve pulse monopolar / biploar HVDC converters with constant voltage / current / power controls Different levels of load shedding User defined AVR's, Turbine-governors, SVCs and HVDC, ULTC controls Text and Graphical Output Transient Stability A typical stability graph Studies FPB for user programmable control system Sample Machine Swing curves
PowerRCD Protective Device Co-ordination Overcurrent & Impedance / Distance Protection Feature highlights Radial and mesh networks Automatic / Interactive / Manual Primary-back-up relay pairs generation Save and retrieval of selected relay pairs Embedded fault calculation Phase and Earth relay co-ordination Optimum setting for Motor relays Hot and cold curves considered Extensive database of relays Extensive fuse data Easy adding of new relay to library Graphical co-ordination Pick, drag and drop relay curves Verification of existing relay settings Fault simulation and relay trip sequence Text and Graphical Output Export to AutoCAD Thermal curves for each equipment Optional Voltage input from load flow or flat start Overload factor, unbalance factor and discrimination time for each relay Choice of transient / Sub-transient for Fault calculation Fault through impedance Fault on bus / node / Transmission line Optional inclusion of motor contribution during fault simulation Inbuilt discrimination time calculator L-G, L-L-L, L-L, L-L-G fault simulation Zone 1, zone 2 and zone 3 setting for distance relays Impedance seen by the relay for faults Typical graph of co-ordinated curves Results showing protective device setting
PowerETA Electromagnetic Transient Analysis About ETA Power systems are subjected to overvoltages that may be of transient or of persistent nature. Most prominent and common types of overvoltages are Over voltages having atmospheric origin Overvoltages generated due to internal causes within the power system The overvoltages of atmospheric or external origin are known as "Impulse overvoltages" and those of internal origin are called "Switching overvoltages" or "Temporary overvoltages". These Overvoltages will stress the insulation of the power system equipment beyond safe limits. This leads to equipment failure. Hence it is essential to study overvoltage phenomenon in the power system and their effects on the system. The transient phenomenon occur on a scale of microseconds (e.g., initial transient recovery voltage), milliseconds (e.g., switching surges), or cycles (e.g. Ferro-resonance). The system must be designed to withstand these over voltages with a certain probability, or their effects must be reduced and limited with protective devices. The simulation of transient phenomenon is therefore very important for proper insulation co-ordination, as well as for the proper design of protection schemes. Simulation studies are needed to investigate interference in neighbouring communication lines, or hazardous coupling effect to personnel, livestock, and equipment. Typical applications of ETA Devising highly secured protection schemes Determine rating of the equipments Study dynamic behaviour of protective relays during transients Transients during switching of Transmission Line Transformer Capacitor bank Induction motor etc. Study other causes of transients like Chopping of currents in VC Bs Load rejection Faults - SLG, LL, LLL, LLLG Computing magnetizing inrush current Flicker assessment due to heavy loads like Arc furnace. Calculate transformer's DC components / harmonic contents Highlights Transient and dynamic over voltage studies Highest discharge currents and energy stresses for the protective equipment Over voltages caused due to Energization of lines Energization of Transformers Switching of shunt elements Fault inception and on clearing of faults Statistical analysis of breaker closing and opening Symmetrical and asymmetrical faults with fault impedance Time varying resistor Injection of Impulses voltage/current at a given bus User-defined filters Output includes This picture shows simulated transient overvoltages at a generator bus for a L-L-L-G fault at a load Three phase over voltage profiles Statistical distribution of over voltages Arrester voltage, current and energy Current through different equipment Voltages at different equipment