Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) IEEE P802.15 Working Group Wireless PAN Applications Home Networking Automotive Networks Industrial Networks Interactive Toys Remote Metering Overview Data rates 20kbit/s -250kbit/s Star or Peer-to-Peer operation Low power consumption CSMA-CA channel access Range: -100m Dynamic device addressing (IEEE 64-bit) Low Cost 1
Stack End developer applications, designed using application profiles Application interface designed using general profile Topology management, MAC management, routing, discovery protocol, security management Channel access, PAN maintenance, reliable data transport Transmission & reception on the physical radio channel ZA1 ZA2 ZAn IA1 IAn API ZigBee NWK IEEE 802.15.4 MAC (CPS) IEEE 802.15.4 PHY UDP IP 802.2 LLC MAC (SSCS) Quelle: Zigbee Alliance 2002 IEEE 802.15.4 Phy Layer Frequency Band Coverage Data rates Channels 868-868,6MHz ISM Europe 20kbit/s 1 (0) 902-928MHz ISM America 40kbit/s 10 (1-10) 2,4-2,4835 GHz ISM Worldwide 250kbit/s 16 (11-26) IEEE 802.15.4 Phy Layer 868MHz/915MHz PHY Channel 0 Channels 1-10 2 MHz 868,3 MHz 902 MHz 928 MHz 2.4 GHz PHY Channels 11-26 5 MHz 2.4 GHz 2.4835 GHz 2
IEEE 802.15.4 Phy Layer Link Quality Indicator Strength and quality of a receiving Packet Info to the MAC Layer Routing Clear Channel Assignment Detecting a busy medium CSMA-CA guaranteed time slotting GTS (optional) Message acknowledgement Multi-level security Advanced Encryption Standard 128-AES-Algorithmus Access Control Lists synchronization - timing critical appl. Network join time = 30ms sleeping slave changing to active = 15ms active slave channel access time = 15ms 3
Address space 18.450.000.000.000.000.000 devices (64 bit IEEE address- EUI-64) 65.535 networks Short addresses 16 bit reduce packet size Multiple topologies Star peer-to-peer mesh Devices classes Full function device (FFD) Any topology Network coordinator capable Talks to any other device Reduced function device () Limited to star topology Cannot become a network coordinator Very simple implementation Topology ZigBee Coordinator (FFD) ZigBee Router (FFD) ZigBee End Device ( or FFD) Mesh Link Star Link 4
Example Network FFD FFD Zigbee Network Layer Starting a network joining and leaving a network conf. New devices Addressing Synchronization Security Routing.. Zigbee Application Layer Application Support Layer APS Discovery Binding ZigBee Device Object ZDO defines the role of the device initiates and/or responds to binding requests manufacturer-defined application objects 5
Traffic Types Periodic data application define rate (e.g. sensors, actors) Intermittent data Applications external stimulus defined rate (e.g. light switch, event counts) Low latency data allocation of time slots (e.g. engine control, mouse) QoS applications Summary low cost wireless networks Low Power consumption designed for sensor network applications security Übungsvorbereitung: Installation der benötigten Software Packet Sniffer for IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Atmel AVR Tools (astudio4b401.exe) WinAVR Erlernen der wichtigsten Funktionen Installation der SW auf den CC2420 DBK 6
Benötigte Dokumente: Packet Sniffer User Manual Zigbee Light switch Demo Manual Rf_blink_led Manual Übungsdurchführung: Installation der Zigbee Light Switch Demo Protokollieren der übertragenen Zigbee Pakete Reichweitentest Installation der rf_blink_led SW auf DBKs Protokollieren der übertragenen 802.15.4 Pakete Reichweitentest 7