A Functional Approach for Wearable Health Solution with Intel Galileo Gen2 Nicy Kaur Taneja Dr. S.R.N. Reddy M. Tech, CSE HOD, CSE Dept. IGDTUW nicytaneja18@gmail.com Abstract- In the present scenario, the elderly age group is considered to be at high risk in terms of health and socioeconomic status. Most of the elders are suffering from either one of the health problems. Many solutions are present in the market but most of them focuses on measuring either only heart beat or ECG monitoring. The remote monitoring of such patients is carried out by saving their personal and health data on the web server installed at the healthcare center. This solution adds an additional investment in large-scale storage and processing capacity. Therefore, an enhanced health monitoring system is required that measures some health data as well as physical parameters of the patient. Keywords: Intel Galileo Gen2, health sensors, android, bluetooth I. INTRODUCTION IGDTUW rammallik@yahoo.com Therefore, they need advanced healthcare mechanisms to live. B. Remote Health Monitoring Remote health monitoring has shown positive results in managing patients either at home or at work place. This has surely resulted in decrease of health risks in case of emergencies. The modernized healthcare systems should provide better health services to patients and care provider too. C. Intel Galileo Gen2 Development Board The first certified board in the family of Arduino IDE is Intel Galileo Gen 2 board for development and prototyping the different applications. It provides a complete open source hardware and software development environment. The microcontroller board is based on Intel Quark SoC X1000 application processor and a 32-bit Intel Pentium-class SOC [12]. A. Health Issues with Elders The elderly age also known as senior citizens are increasing in number in developing countries. The old age problems are very common in the present scenario as the children are attaining their adulthood no longer with their parents. Typically, aged people live a secluded and reclusive life with multiple problems of memory disorder, depression, falls and unsteadiness, poor nutrition, problems with self-care and other complex chronic medical conditions [3]. Figure 1: Intel Galileo Gen2 Development Board 1
II. LITERATURE SURVEY A. Health Monitoring Sensors In a research work, temperature sensor, heart beat sensor and ECG electrodes were used to monitor the different parameters of the patient [5]. Another solution projected combines environmental and wearable sensors (heart beat sensor, DHTH sensor, combustible gas smoke detector) so as to monitor both the surrounding space of the patient and the patient s health status at the same time. The processed signals from the sensors are now sent to microcontroller that process the received signal and displays on the development kit [6]. Another real time health monitoring system used ECG electrodes, temperature sensor (LM35), blood pressure sensor, blood glucose sensor to monitor the patient s health [7]. In one of the proposed work, in addition to heart beat sensor and temperature sensor, pulse oximeter sensor was also used to measure a patient's blood-oxygen saturation level and pulse rate [8]. Another proposed system aims at measurement of respiration rate using digital sensor extending the methods of measuring it with help of thermistor, chest expansion etc. The respiration rate is measured with the help of TMP100 a Digital temperature sensor which monitor the slightest change in temperature during inhale & exhale [3]. B. Health Monitoring Systems using Different Communication Modules 1) Health Monitoring Systems using Bluetooth The mobile software in the patient s smartphone is able to receive the sensor data. The received data is communicated by means of Bluetooth via UART serial communication with the patient s smartphone [6]. HC-05 is a class-2 Bluetooth module with serial port profile, which can configure as either master or slave, a drop in replacement for wired serial connections. 2) Health Monitoring Systems using ZigBee In one of the proposed system the patient health is continuously monitored and if a particular patient s health parameter falls below the threshold value, an automated SMS is sent to the pre-configured Doctor s mobile number using a standard GSM module interfaced to the microcontroller. Here, we are using ZigBee for wireless transmission. The Doctor can get a record of a particular patient s information by just accessing the database of the patient on his PC which is continuously updated through ZigBee receiver module [5]. 3) Health Monitoring Systems using Wi-Fi In one of the research work, the inputs from the sensors are integrated and processed. The results are sent through the Wi-Fi Module to a host computer, which stores the data into an Access Database. The values can then be displayed on the running on a computer [8] [9]. III. PROPOSED WORK The aim of the proposed system is to monitor the breathing rate, body temperature, heartbeat and position of the patient suffering from COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease). The system will be composed of four sensors: respiratory rate monitor, temperature sensor, heartbeat sensor and accelerometer. The device is designed to be wearable, so that the respiratory module can be connected to the nose, the 2
temperature sensor will monitor the body temperature, the heart beat sensor will monitor the heartbeat rate and the accelerometer will tell about the position of the patient. The sensor values can be monitored on an android device using wireless Bluetooth communication. This paper focuses on providing health monitoring solution for an effective action in case of emergency. IV. NOVELTY OF THE SOLUTION The existing health solution provide monitoring of either one or two of the parameters. But in this paper, four health parameters will be monitored continuously. In some of the proposed solution, GSM module is used for alerting the care provider. But GSM provides interference problem, which is not good for the health of the patient. The radiations emitted by GSM can affect the health of the patient. Among the other wireless technologies, if the health kit is made to be Wi-Fi enabled, there may be possibility that the patient has Wi-Fi at home or not. But, Bluetooth is present in almost every android cellphone. ZigBee can also be used to transmit data wirelessly but in this case the care provider has to carry another device which has ZigBee receiver. V. IMPLEMENTATION A. Sensors Used in the System The different sensors that are used in the solution are: 1) Respiration Rate sensor: The sensor is used to measure the speed at which the patient is breathing. When the patient feels difficulty in breathing, it respires more abnormally than the usual speed. 2) Temperature sensor: The temperature sensor used in this system is used to measure the body temperature of the patient [13]. This sensor uses a thermistor whose resistance increases as the body temperature decreases. The detectable range of this sensor is -40-125ºC, and the accuracy is ±1.5ºC [10]. 3) Heartbeat sensor: This sensor measures the heart beat using the variation in optical power when the light is scattered or absorbed during its path through the blood as the heart beat changes. 4) Touch sensor: This sensor is used to monitor whether the patient is wearing the health kit or not. This sensor measures the change in capacitance when a finger is near-by. 5) Accelerometer: The position of the patient can be judged using accelerometer. It measure the acceleration sensed due to gravity pulling down on it. Figure 2: Sensors used in the System B. Communication Technology: Bluetooth (HC-05) HC 05 module is a serial communication Bluetooth Serial Port Protocol (SPP) module, designed for transparent wireless connection setup. The 3
Bluetooth Module has hardware features like 80dBm sensitivity, maximum +4dBm RF transmit power, low power 1.8V operation, from 3.3 to 5 V I/O, Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) interface with programmable baud rate. It is also provided with edge connector and integrated antenna. This device permits the pairing of devices to connect and by default its auto pairing pin code is 1234. When the device is disconnected due to long range, it will Auto reconnect in 30 minutes again. C. Detailed Architecture The project monitors the breathing rate, body temperature and position of the patient suffering from COPD. The device is designed to be wearable by the patient which will help to monitor him continuously. The respiratory module will measure the breath of the patient, temperature sensor will monitor the body temperature, heart beat sensor will monitor the heartbeat rate by placing the finger for about one minute and accelerometer will tell about the position of the patient. The data will be displayed on LCD and can also be monitored on an android device using wireless Bluetooth communication. Moreover, a touch sensor is also interfaced to raise an alarm (buzzer) if the patient detaches the health kit. VI. RESULTS After interfacing all the sensors and communication module with the Intel Galileo Gen2, the sensor data was successfully displayed on LCD. In addition to it, the data was displayed on Android smartphone too. Figure 4: Sensor data displayed on LCD Figure 5: Sensor data received on Android Device Figure 3: Architecture of the Proposed System VII. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE 4
The health kit provides a complete healthcare solution for measuring some health parameters and also the position of the patient. The measured data from the processor is successfully received on the android device. In future, for maintaining database in smartphone, an android application will be designed. Moreover, for analysis and storage, cloud services will be used by connecting the development board to internet through Ethernet or Wi-Fi. VIII. REFERENCES [1] D. Benhaddou, M. Balakrishnan, and X. Yuan, Remote Healthcare Monitoring System Architecture using Sensor Networks, IEEE 2008. [2] Poonam, Prof. (Dr.) Yusuf Mulge, Remote Temperature Monitoring Using LM35 sensor and Intimate Android user via C2DM Service, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol. 2, Issue. 6, June 2013, pg.32 36, ISSN 2320 088X. [3] Archita Agnihotri, University of R.G.P.V, Bhopal, (M.P), Human Body Respiration Measurement Using Digital Temperature Sensor with I2c Interface, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 3, March 2013, ISSN 2250-3153. [4] Prof.T.Chandrasekhar,.E.C.,Rajahmundry, J.S.Chakravarthi, Wireless Health Monitoring System Using ZigBee, International Journal of Web Technology, ISSN: 2278-2389, Vol 02, Issue 01, June 2013. [5] Purnima, Neetu Rout, Rahul Tiwary, ZIGBEE AND GSM BASED PATIENT HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 3, Issue 1, January 2014. [6] Snehalatha, Shruti Malgatti, Design of a Healthcare Monitoring System Using Wearable and Environmental Sensor, International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 3, Issue 2, Part 2, March-April, 2015. [7] Amna Abdullah, Asma Ismael, Aisha Rashid, Ali Abou-ElNour, and Mohammed Tarique, REAL TIME WIRELESS HEALTH MONITORING APPLICATION USING MOBILE DEVICES, International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC) Vol.7, No.3, May 2015. [8] G.Vijaya Lakshmi, B.Suresh Ram, T.Ramakrishna, Health Monitoring System Using Wi-Fi as a Communication Medium on ARM7, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY, ISSN: 2277-9655, September 2013. [9] Mr. Deshmukh R.S., Wi-Fi Based Vital Signs Monitoring and Tracking System for Medical Parameters, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) - Volume4 Issue5- May 2013. [10] Sergio Gonza lez-valenzuela, Xuedong Liang, Huasong Cao, Min Chen, and Victor C.M. Leung, Body Area Networks,Springer 2012, pp 17-37. [11] Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women (2015, September 15), LAB-MANUAL-Intel-Galileo, [Online], Available: www.mobileeducationkit.net. [12] Rob Tiffany, (2015, October 20), Getting Started with the 2nd Generation Intel Galileo Arduino Board [Online], Available: http://robtiffany.com/getting-started-2ndgeneration-intel-galileoarduino-board/. [13]http://www.seeedstudio.com/wiki/Grove _-_Temperature_Sensor 5