14 th Iran Media Technology Conference Tehran, 12-13 December 2017 5G in the Context of Media Services Darko Ratkaj European Broadcasting Union
I will speak about Trends in audiovisual media Technical and operation requirements Distribution options for media services Mobile broadband technologies LTE embms in 3GPP Release 14 5G developments
Trends in audiovisual media
Audiovisual media TV channels radio channels on-demand time shifted interactive personalised multi-view... hybrid TV second screen cross-platform social media... user generated content virtual reality augmented reality... linear nonlinear combined linear + nonlinear user generated emerging 4
Devices, devices 5
The user context 6
Some facts about audiovisual media consumption Linear TV viewing still dominates AV media consumption o Average around 3-4 hours a day per person, and stable On-demand viewing is steadily growing o Largely additive to linear, leading to an increase in overall consumption o Long-term impact of SVOD services (e.g. Netflix, Amazon Prime Video) is not yet clear Media is mostly consumed indoors o This is also reflected in traffic patterns on the Internet More than 95% of TV viewing hours are delivered over broadcast networks o The vast majority of the rest travels over fixed broadband and Wi-Fi o This may be different for other types of media content Audience uses multiple devices and access networks o Depending on the context, preferences, intentions, and type of service o No substitution of one type of device for another Better quality of experience drives user engagement o QoE is determined by technical performance, content choice, convenience, and costs 7
Viewing habits and user devices Share of total viewing time UK, All individuals NRK (Norway) web TV Minutes delivered by screen Source: Audience Trends - Media Consumption 2017, Report, EBU Media Intelligence Service 8
Technical and operational requirements
Operational requirements in the media sector Content production Distribution Reception networked production IP and cloud-based agile workflows content repurposing any service any device any time any place choice quality convenience costs Key requirements very high throughput very high reliability time accuracy flexibility interoperability security cost - efficiency Key requirements ubiquitous reach sustained QoS scalability flexibility interoperability security cost - efficiency Key requirements support a range of user behaviours deliver to a range of user devices serve mass-audience and many niches personalisation tools for search and selection free-to-air and conditional access seamless service following 10
Technical requirements on the network infrastructure Content production Throughput - HDTV uncompressed signal per camera: 1.5 Gbit/s - UHDTV (4k) uncompressed signal per camera: 6-7 Gbit/s Latency - production chain 30-200 ms - radio microphone (in live performances) 3-4 ms Time synchronisation accuracy - video 10 μs precision - audio 1 μs precision Deterministic network behaviour Very high reliability - typical values - 99.99 % of the time Distribution Reach ~100 % of the population on any device Throughput - HDTV 4-8 Mbit/s per service - UHDTV 15-30 Mbit/s per service Bit error rate - quasy error-free 10-11 Sustained (predetermined) QoS for all users - independent on their number, location, device, or duration of the viewing session High reliability - typical values - 99.8% of the time 11
Distribution of audiovisual media services
The distribution challenge Goal: Delivery of content and services to all interested users at the right time at the right place on the right device with the required quality at the right price point in a flexible and scalable manner Balancing act between Optimising the user experience Network resource management Business objectives Regulatory requirements and constraints 13
Assessment of the distribution options Technical capability Is the technology fit for the purpose? support for the service, QoS, capacity, latency, signal integrity, scalability, Reach Geographical coverage and type of access (e.g. free-to-air, STB, player ) What user devices can be reached? Location (indoors / outdoors); mobility (fixed / portable / mobile) How large an audience can be served? Costs What are the distribution costs? Are the costs sustainable? Service visibility Can the users easily find and access your services? Are there any gatekeepers? 14
What distribution options are available at present? AV media services Distribution infrastructure The audience TV channels radio channels on-demand time shifted interactive personalised multi-view... hybrid TV second screen cross-platform social media... Broadcast Terrestrial Satellite Cable user generated content virtual reality augmented reality... Broadband Fixed networks * managed (IPTV) * unmanaged (OTT) Mobile networks (3G,4G) * unmanaged (OTT) 15
Comparison between broadcast and broadband - capacity Data rate per user Minimum data rate required for a given service Broadcast Network capacity is shared between concurrent users Delivered data rate is predictable and constant for all users progressive QoS degradation Number of concurrent users 16
Comparison between broadcast and broadband - costs Distribution costs (for the service provider) On-line distribution costs scale with the size of the audience. Broadcast distribution The number of concurrent users 17
Weaknesse s Strengths Comparison between broadcast and broadband Broadcast platforms Near-universal coverage Predictable quality of service (to stationary TV sets) Optimised for large scale delivery of linear services Cost efficient for large audiences Every user has access to the total capacity of the network Broadband platforms Bi-directional Delivery to portable and mobile devices Potentially unlimited choice of services On-demand and personalised services Well suited to serve small audiences (niches) Fast growing population of user devices One-way only, no return channel Limited or no support for on-demand services Limited possibilities for personalisation The number of channels is constrained by the network capacity. Limited access to personal user devices (smartphones, tablets, PCs) Limited mobile and portable coverage Limited coverage (with sufficient quality) Best effort, no guaranteed QoS Only unicast (no multicast / broadcast) Total capacity is shared between users High delivery costs if audiences are large Inadequate for a large-scale delivery of linear services (especially mobile broadband) Broadcast and broadband are complementary. 18
Conclusions on audiovisual media services Ever increasing quality and availability requirements New picture and audio formats (4k/ UHD, HDR, HFR, 360 deg, AR, VR, 8k, immersive audio ) Better user devices (bigger screens, better displays, more processing power, more storage, ) More content choice (linear, on-demand, hybrid, user generated, broadcast, streaming, ) Increasing user expectations (any content, any time, anywhere, on any device, affordable costs) Changing audience behaviour (on-demand viewing, multi-device, on the move, ) No single distribution infrastructure can serve all use cases efficiently for the reasons of technical capabilities, capacity, reach, and/or costs Content and services are distributed on multiple platforms simultaneously Increasing costs and complexity Some of the emerging use cases cannot be enabled by any of the current networks. 19
Mobile technologies
Technical standards Technology generations Mobile technology generations and standards AMPS N-AMPS TACS ETACS J-TACS NMT NTT C-450 GSM EDGE D-AMPS PDC cdmaone PHS UMTS HSPA+ WCDMA (FDD(TDD) FlashOFDM Cdma200 UWC-136 DECT HIPERMAN LTE-Advanced WiMAX? 21
Arrival of the mobile technology generations Today Mobile technology generations arrive at a much faster rate than the previous ones reach their full potential GSMA Report: Understanding 5G: Perspectives on future technological advancements in mobile http://www.gsma.com/network2020/understanding-5g/
Global use of mobile technologies GSMA Report: Understanding 5G: Perspectives on future technological advancements in mobile http://www.gsma.com/network2020/understanding-5g/
3GPP Release 14
New LTE embms features in 3GPP Release 14 Large inter-site distances Dedicated embms carrier Shared embms network Stand-alone embms network Free-to-air services Receive-only devices Transport-only mode Support to standard TV formats Standardised xmb interface New MBMS-API the work continues 25
5G
What do we know about 5G 5G is the next generation of wireless communications systems Global industry momentum Broad political support Defined technical performance targets Time line for standardisation agreed until 2020 Currently under discussion Use cases Spectrum bands Not yet addressed Business models and operational conditions Regulatory requirements Costs 27
5G performance targets The values in this figure are targets for 5G research and standardisation. Note: IMT stands for International Mobile Communications IMT-Advanced is an ITU term equivalent to 4G/LTE IMT-2020 is an ITU term equivalent to 5G 28
5G will be a network of networks Seamless integration of heterogeneous network elements Cellular, WiFi, legacy fixed networks, fibre, broadcast, satellite Better use of all existing infrastructure Innovative techniques Network Function Virtualisation (NFV) Software Defined Networks (SDN) Edge computing Integration of unicast, multicast, and broadcast Cloud and local storage Standardised interfaces New business model(s) New regulatory model(s) 30
Mobile network operators perspective GSMA: As with each preceding generation, the rate of adoption of 5G and the ability of operators to monetise it will be a direct function of the new and unique use cases it unlocks. Thus the key questions around 5G for operators are essentially: a. What could users do on a network which meets the 5G requirements that is not currently possible on an already existing network? b. How could these potential services be profitable? 31
Deployment challenges 5G deployment 4G/LTE will continue to evolve alongside 5G (Gigabit LTE, LTE IoT, ) 5G will initially be deployed as non-stand-alone, on top of 4G/LTE networks o only for specific use cases and where commercially viable 32
Potential impact of 5G in the media sector Content and data creation Service composition Service aggregation Distribution infrastructure User device User interface Motivation for media service providers to adopt 5G: New content formats (UHD-HDR-HFR, 8k, Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, 360 deg, Immersive Audio) Operational benefits - increased flexibility, reduced costs and complexity 33
5G in the distribution of audiovisual content and services
The role of 5G in media distribution - scenario 1 AV media services Distribution infrastructure The audience TV channels radio channels on-demand time shifted interactive personalised multi-view... user generated content hybrid TV second screen cross-platform social media... virtual reality augmented reality... Broadcast Broadband Terrestrial Satellite Cable Fixed networks * managed (IPTV) * unmanaged (OTT) Mobile networks (3G,4G) * unmanaged (OTT) 5G 35
The role of 5G in content distribution - scenario 2 AV media services TV channels radio channels on-demand time shifted interactive personalised multi-view... user generated content hybrid TV second screen cross-platform social media... virtual reality augmented reality... Broadcast Broadband Distribution infrastructure Terrestrial Satellite Cable 5G Fixed networks * managed (IPTV) * unmanaged (OTT) Mobile networks (3G,4G) * unmanaged (OTT) The audience 36
The role of 5G in content distribution - scenario 3 AV media services Distribution infrastructure The audience TV channels radio channels on-demand time shifted interactive personalised multi-view... hybrid TV second screen cross-platform social media... 5G user generated content virtual reality augmented reality... 37
What does the media sector need from 5G Improved technical performance at the level of network infrastructure 38
What does the media sector need from 5G Improved technical performance at the level of network infrastructure 5G should meet the future requirements of media service providers and their audiences. Operational benefits for the media content and service providers Reduced costs and complexity Increased flexibility, reliability, availability New functionalities Sustainability and scale Development with a long-term perspective Interoperability with other network infrastructures, including broadcast and satellite Innovative business models Appropriate regulatory environment Virtuous circle between content, services, technology, and business. 39
خیلیمتشکرم Thank you! Darko Ratkaj ratkaj@ebu.ch
Back up slides Spectrum
Spectrum All spectrum can potentially become "5G spectrum Mario Campolargo (EC) at the EU workshop on spectrum requirements for 5G Brussels, 13 November 2014
Distribution of audiovisual media services AV media services Distribution infrastructure The audience TV channels radio channels on-demand time shifted interactive personalised multi-view... user generated content hybrid TV second screen cross-platform social media text... virtual reality augmented reality... Broadcast Broadband Terrestrial Satellite Cable Fixed networks * managed (IPTV) * unmanaged (OTT) Mobile networks (3G,4G) * unmanaged (OTT)
Who uses the radio spectrum? AV media services The audience TV channels radio channels on-demand time shifted interactive personalised multi-view... user generated content hybrid TV second screen cross-platform social media text... virtual reality augmented reality... Broadcast Broadband UHF band Terrestrial Satellite Cable Fixed networks * managed (IPTV) * unmanaged (OTT) Mobile networks (3G,4G) * unmanaged (OTT) C band, mmwave