Charles Ball Fifty Years in Chains

Charles Ball Fifty Years in Chains by Jamal Cosby WORD COUNT 1875 CHARACTER COUNT 8618 TIME SUBMITTED 27-MAR-2012 09:25PM PAPER ID 238362388

Topic? 1 cs 2 frag 3 4 awk

lc 5 Development ~ MLA 7 6 fs MLA

8 cap ww Development, 9, 10 Development 11 Relevance? 12 Development

dev 13 organ Development dev Development cs t Quote Integration MLA cap 14

15 16 Relevance? trans Development : First Person ww frag Second Person 17

19 18 MLA

GRADEMARK REPORT FINAL GRADE 62 / 100 GENERAL COMMENTS Mr. Cosby, Thank you for your submission. It does a good job of signaling your narrative, research question, and thesis. This is an improvement, overall, and I can tell that you worked on this paper. It doesn t, though, satisfy the assignment requirements, I m afraid. You must meet the page, proofreading (capitalization errors), and consistent in MLA formatting requirements. Also, there are sources on your works cited page that do NOT appear in your paper and vice versa. This is a major problem in MLA. Overall, despite the improved areas, you must be consistent overall. Demonstrate in your final project that you can be the scholar that I know you are. Let me know if you have any questions/concerns. PAGE 1 Topic needed. 1. The slant of your title does not require italics. Comma Splice a comma splice occurs when two independent clauses are joined by a comma only. A comma is not a strong enough mark of punctuation for this purpose. Comma splices can be revised in several ways: the two sentences can be separated by a period; a comma and a coordinating conjunction can be used; a semicolon or, in some cases, a colon can separate them; or the sentence can be recast entirely. for more information on comma splices, <a page=432&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapter 32.</a> 2. Your introduction must relate to your slant. Fragment a sentence fragment is only a piece of a sentence; it is not complete. A fragment may lack a subject, a verb, or both. Or it may have a subject and verb, but these appear in a subordinate clause that renders the clause dependent on another sentence for meaning. Eliminate a fragment by attaching it to a complete sentence or rewriting the fragment as a complete sentence. <ul> <li>to understand incomplete and missing verbs, <a page=429&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31a. </a></li> <li>to understand missing subjects, <a page=430&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31b.</a> </li> <li>to identify subject-verb pairs that can't act as sentences, that is, dependent clauses, <a page=430&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31c. </a></li> <li>some fragments are missing both subject and verb; these are phrase fragments; <a page=431&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31d.</a> </li> <li>be aware that sentence fragments are occasionally used in both fiction and nonfiction writing, often as a technique to create emphasis through an abrupt change of rhythm; <a page=432&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31e.</a></li> </ul> 3. Ball. Don't refer to the author by first name only. You may use last name only after initial mention. 4. What's the point of all of this introductory material? Awkward look for sentence structures, paragraph problems, or word choices that detract from the flow of your writing. These should be identified and corrected in the revising and editing process. <a page=36&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for more information on revising awkward sentences, see 3c,</a><a page=383&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;"> Revising for Style; see also chapter 24,</a><a page=385&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;"> Sentences in Context; chapter 25,</a> <a page=387&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">parallelism; chapter 26,</a> <a

href="javascript:;">parallelism; chapter 26,</a> <a page=391&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">coordination and Subordination; and chapter 27, Conciseness, Variety and Emphasis.</a> <a page=20&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for methods of drafting paragraphs, see 2d, Developing Body Paragraphs.</a> <a page=32&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for revising to strengthen the content of paragraphs, see 3a. </a> <a page=399&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for information on revising awkward words, see chapter 28, Effective Word Use.</a> PAGE 2 Lowercase change a capital letter to lowercase. <ul> <li> For capitalization conventions, <a page=509&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapter 44.</a></li> <li>for words in a title that should be capitalized and lowercase according to MLA style,<a page=194&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;"> see "Title of Book or Part of Book" on page 194. </a></li> <li>for the APA rules regarding capitalization in titles, <a page=245&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see "Title of Book or Part of Book" on page 245. </a> </li> <li>for CMS rules, <a page=285&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see page 285.</a> </li> </ul> 5. Does this answer the question? Please connect. If you ask about Ball, then the answer should be about Ball. Eg., Ball focuses on cruely to show the treatment related to geography... or something along those lines. Transpose while editing and proofreading, look for letters, words, or phrases that are out of order and edit as necessary. for more information on editing and proofreading, <a page=39&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 3e and 3f.</a> MLA Documentation the Modern Language Association (MLA) provides a citation style used to cite sources in the fields of English, rhetoric and composition, foreign languages, and literature. Using the MLA style in your humanities paper allows your readers to easily identify the source of information or a quotation and find the relevant publication information. The MLA style includes two basic components: (1) citations of summaries, paraphrases, and quotations given inside parentheses in the body of the text, and (2) an alphabetically organized Works Cited page at the end of the text, which provides the author, title, and publication details for each source used. <a page=181&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapter 13.</a> If you need an example of how to cite a particular kind of source, such as a book or an article, <a page=181&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see the list of MLA indexes on page 181. </a> <ul> <li>for instruction on and examples of MLA in-text citations,<a page=182&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;"> see 13a.</a> </li> <li>for Works Cited information, <a page=193&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13b.</a> </li> <li>to learn how to format a paper in MLA style using Microsoft Word, <a page=224&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13c. </a></li> <li>for a sample paper that uses MLA style, <a page=231&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13d.</a></li> 6. No period before a short direct quote. Fused Sentence Fused Sentence a fused sentence occurs when two independent clauses run together without any punctuation separating them. To find fused sentences, look for sentences with more than one subject-verb pair. When independent clauses are joined with no punctuation, they must be revised. You can revise by separating the clauses into two distinct sentences; <a page=433&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 32a.</a> Or you can revise by separating the independent clauses with a comma and then a coordinating conjunction; <a page=433&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 32b.</a> When you want to emphasize the continuity of thought between two closely related

independent clauses, use a semicolon between them; <a page=434&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 32c.</a> To learn how to punctuate transitional expressions that come between independent clauses; <a page=434&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 32d.</a> You may also choose to revise fused sentences by rewriting; <a page=435&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 32e.</a> 7. Good connection. MLA Documentation the Modern Language Association (MLA) provides a citation style used to cite sources in the fields of English, rhetoric and composition, foreign languages, and literature. Using the MLA style in your humanities paper allows your readers to easily identify the source of information or a quotation and find the relevant publication information. The MLA style includes two basic components: (1) citations of summaries, paraphrases, and quotations given inside parentheses in the body of the text, and (2) an alphabetically organized Works Cited page at the end of the text, which provides the author, title, and publication details for each source used. <a page=181&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapter 13.</a> If you need an example of how to cite a particular kind of source, such as a book or an article, <a page=181&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see the list of MLA indexes on page 181. </a> <ul> <li>for instruction on and examples of MLA in-text citations,<a page=182&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;"> see 13a.</a> </li> <li>for Works Cited information, <a page=193&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13b.</a> </li> <li>to learn how to format a paper in MLA style using Microsoft Word, <a page=224&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13c. </a></li> <li>for a sample paper that uses MLA style, <a page=231&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13d.</a></li> Additional Comment: Block quote. PAGE 3 8. You don't need all of this quote. This is mere filler. What does it support? Capital capital letters designate such things as individual names, peoples and their languages, geographical names, and certain organizations. Rhetorically, capitalization contributes to clarity when it marks the beginning of a sentence. When you are uncertain whether to capitalize a particular word, look it up in a current dictionary. <a page=509&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 44a-44f for more information on capitalization.</a> Wrong Word choosing effective words and using words correctly are fundamental to clear writing. When you revise and edit your writing project, make sure your words have the desired effect and support your rhetorical purpose; <a page=31&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapter 3</a>. Once you are satisfied with the overall structure and content of your essay, edit individual sentences for clarity, effectiveness, and variety. <a page=383&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapters 24-27</a>. Be sure to look at diction and word choice; <a page=399&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapters 28 and 29</a>. Check your spelling; <a page=523&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 46a to 46d.</a> consult the glossary of usage in the back of the book if you aren't sure which word to use. Comma use commas to define boundaries within a sentence and in other convention uses. A comma comes between independent clauses; <a page=480&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38a.</a> A comma separates introductory elements from the rest of the sentence; <a page=482&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38c.</a> A comma is used between the items in a series; <a page=482&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')"

href="javascript:;">see 38d.</a> A comma comes between coordinate adjectives; <a page=483&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38e.</a> Commas set off nonrestrictive elements; <a page=483&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38f.</a> A comma sets off parenthetical and transitional expressions; <a page=484&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38g.</a> Commas set off contrasts, interjections, direct address, and tag sentences; <a page=485&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38h.</a> Commas set off quotations; <a page=485&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38i.</a> They are also used in dates, places, addresses, and numbers; <a page=486&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38j.</a> Commas are used with names and titles; <a page=487&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38k.</a> Commas cannot themselves separate independent clauses; <a page=481&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38b.</a> For other misuses of the comma, <a page=381&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38l.</a> 9. Why the quotations here? Comma use commas to define boundaries within a sentence and in other convention uses. A comma comes between independent clauses; <a page=480&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38a.</a> A comma separates introductory elements from the rest of the sentence; <a page=482&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38c.</a> A comma is used between the items in a series; <a page=482&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38d.</a> A comma comes between coordinate adjectives; <a page=483&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38e.</a> Commas set off nonrestrictive elements; <a page=483&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38f.</a> A comma sets off parenthetical and transitional expressions; <a page=484&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38g.</a> Commas set off contrasts, interjections, direct address, and tag sentences; <a page=485&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38h.</a> Commas set off quotations; <a page=485&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38i.</a> They are also used in dates, places, addresses, and numbers; <a page=486&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38j.</a> Commas are used with names and titles; <a page=487&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38k.</a> Commas cannot themselves separate independent clauses; <a page=481&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38b.</a> For other misuses of the comma, <a page=381&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 38l.</a> 10. Where is this evident in Ball's narrative as well? Your paragraphs are underdeveloped. 11. Omit period before quoted material with citations. Connection to the thesis? 12. You cannot use a quote to begin a supporting paragarph. Remember, you must say something before using your source material as support.

PAGE 4 Development Each paragraph performs a certain kind of work in the larger piece of writing--it may advance the argument, provide illustrations and examples, discuss the effects of a solution the writer is proposing, and so on. Paragraphs also have an internal logic; they focus attention on one idea at a time, along with a cluster of closely related sentences that explain, extend, or support that idea. <ul> <li><a page=20&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for a general discussion of the paragraph structure T-R-I (topic sentence, restrictive sentences, and illustrative sentences) see page 20. </a></li> <li><a page=21&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for paragraph coherence, which is a network of relationships within a paragraph that keeps the information flowing and understandable, see pages 21-22. </a></li> <li><a page=23&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for developing paragraphs that use patterns to fulfill specific purposes, see pages 23-27.</a> </li> </ul> <a page=31&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for information on revising your work, see chapter 3.</a> 13. narrative Organization When your ideas are well organized, readers find it easy to understand your chain of thought. If you want to check your organization by making an outline, <a page=29&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 2g. </a> Development Each paragraph performs a certain kind of work in the larger piece of writing--it may advance the argument, provide illustrations and examples, discuss the effects of a solution the writer is proposing, and so on. Paragraphs also have an internal logic; they focus attention on one idea at a time, along with a cluster of closely related sentences that explain, extend, or support that idea. <ul> <li><a page=20&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for a general discussion of the paragraph structure T-R-I (topic sentence, restrictive sentences, and illustrative sentences) see page 20. </a></li> <li><a page=21&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for paragraph coherence, which is a network of relationships within a paragraph that keeps the information flowing and understandable, see pages 21-22. </a></li> <li><a page=23&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for developing paragraphs that use patterns to fulfill specific purposes, see pages 23-27.</a> </li> </ul> <a page=31&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for information on revising your work, see chapter 3.</a> Comma Splice a comma splice occurs when two independent clauses are joined by a comma only. A comma is not a strong enough mark of punctuation for this purpose. Comma splices can be revised in several ways: the two sentences can be separated by a period; a comma and a coordinating conjunction can be used; a semicolon or, in some cases, a colon can separate them; or the sentence can be recast entirely. for more information on comma splices, <a page=432&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapter 32.</a> Verb tense Verb tenses provide information about time. The simple tenses are the past, present, and future. The perfect tenses usually indicate time completed before another time or action. The progressive tenses indicate continuing action. For more information about verb tense, see 34d. Properly introduce quoted material. MLA Documentation MLA Documentation the Modern Language Association (MLA) provides a citation style used to cite sources in the fields of English, rhetoric and composition, foreign languages, and literature. Using the MLA style in your humanities paper allows your readers to easily identify the source of information or a quotation and find the relevant publication information. The MLA style includes two basic components: (1) citations of summaries, paraphrases, and quotations given inside parentheses in the body of the text, and (2) an alphabetically organized Works Cited page at the end of the text, which provides the author, title, and publication details for each source used. <a page=181&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapter 13.</a> If you need an example of how to cite a particular kind of source, such as a book or an article, <a

page=181&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see the list of MLA indexes on page 181. </a> <ul> <li>for instruction on and examples of MLA in-text citations,<a page=182&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;"> see 13a.</a> </li> <li>for Works Cited information, <a page=193&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13b.</a> </li> <li>to learn how to format a paper in MLA style using Microsoft Word, <a page=224&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13c. </a></li> <li>for a sample paper that uses MLA style, <a page=231&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13d.</a></li> Additional Comment: Block quote format. Also, you don't need all of this. Capital capital letters designate such things as individual names, peoples and their languages, geographical names, and certain organizations. Rhetorically, capitalization contributes to clarity when it marks the beginning of a sentence. When you are uncertain whether to capitalize a particular word, look it up in a current dictionary. <a page=509&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 44a-44f for more information on capitalization.</a> 14. See previous comments. PAGE 5 15. Omit. 16. Ball Connection to the thesis? Transition good writing should be coherent--that is, the ideas should progress logically and smoothly from one sentence to the next throughout the text. Transitions help readers move from point to point, and they reveal the patterns of organization in your writing. For a list of transitions, <a page=22&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see page 22.</a> Use transitions precisely so that readers know how to interpret the information that is new to them; <a page=27&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 2d.</a> Colon use colons to signal that the information to follow explains or elaborates previous information. A colon usually comes at the end of an independent clause (complete sentence). <a page=490&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">for more information on colons, see chapter 40.</a> Omit first person. Wrong Word choosing effective words and using words correctly are fundamental to clear writing. When you revise and edit your writing project, make sure your words have the desired effect and support your rhetorical purpose; <a page=31&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapter 3</a>. Once you are satisfied with the overall structure and content of your essay, edit individual sentences for clarity, effectiveness, and variety. <a page=383&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapters 24-27</a>. Be sure to look at diction and word choice; <a page=399&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapters 28 and 29</a>. Check your spelling; <a page=523&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 46a to 46d.</a> consult the glossary of usage in the back of the book if you aren't sure which word to use. Fragment a sentence fragment is only a piece of a sentence; it is not complete. A fragment may lack a subject, a verb, or both. Or it may have a subject and verb, but these appear in a subordinate clause that renders the clause dependent on another sentence for meaning. Eliminate a fragment by attaching it to a complete sentence or rewriting the fragment as a complete sentence. <ul> <li>to understand incomplete and missing verbs, <a page=429&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31a. </a></li> <li>to understand missing subjects, <a

page=430&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31b.</a> </li> <li>to identify subject-verb pairs that can't act as sentences, that is, dependent clauses, <a page=430&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31c. </a></li> <li>some fragments are missing both subject and verb; these are phrase fragments; <a page=431&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31d.</a> </li> <li>be aware that sentence fragments are occasionally used in both fiction and nonfiction writing, often as a technique to create emphasis through an abrupt change of rhythm; <a page=432&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 31e.</a></li> </ul> Omit second person. 17. This is not 5 pages of text (excluding headings). PAGE 6 18.? Is this the Benezet source? 19. All of these sources are not cited in your paper. I saw only two cited sources and one is not listed here on your Works Cited page. This is problematic. What happened? MLA Documentation MLA Documentation the Modern Language Association (MLA) provides a citation style used to cite sources in the fields of English, rhetoric and composition, foreign languages, and literature. Using the MLA style in your humanities paper allows your readers to easily identify the source of information or a quotation and find the relevant publication information. The MLA style includes two basic components: (1) citations of summaries, paraphrases, and quotations given inside parentheses in the body of the text, and (2) an alphabetically organized Works Cited page at the end of the text, which provides the author, title, and publication details for each source used. <a page=181&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see chapter 13.</a> If you need an example of how to cite a particular kind of source, such as a book or an article, <a page=181&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see the list of MLA indexes on page 181. </a> <ul> <li>for instruction on and examples of MLA in-text citations,<a page=182&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;"> see 13a.</a> </li> <li>for Works Cited information, <a page=193&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13b.</a> </li> <li>to learn how to format a paper in MLA style using Microsoft Word, <a page=224&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13c. </a></li> <li>for a sample paper that uses MLA style, <a page=231&anchory=null','blank','location=0,toolbar=0,menubar=0,status=0,width=960,height=720')" href="javascript:;">see 13d.</a></li>

RUBRIC: RESEARCH PAPER SLAVE NARRATIVE CONVENTIONS (20%) 3.10 / 5 4 / 5 EXCELLENT (5) GOOD (4) SATISFACTORY (3) UNSATISFACTORY (2) UNACCEPTABLE (1) Assignment is a researched analysis of a specific slave narrative's contribution, legacy, influence, significance, etc. Adheres to the academic conventions of formal writing and research, writes confidently, organizes logically, quotes and cites consistently, and proofreads prior to submission. Assignment is a breakdown or examination of a slave narrative, but may lack in a minor academic expectation. Assignment lacks two or more SPA expectations. Eg., lapses in formality, research, vague references, word choice, coherence. Quotes/support present, but not sandwiched. Assignment does not meet reader's expectations in most instances. May report rather than support. Assignment does not resemble a research paper. MLA CITATION (30%) 3 / 5 EXCELLENT (5) GOOD (4) SATISFACTORY (3) UNSATISFACTORY (2) UNACCEPTABLE (1) Includes parenthetical citations and a works cited page with at least 5 sources (a variety) Cites in MLA consistently and correctly) At least ¾ of the sources are cited correctly. Half or fewer sources provide complete and thorough information. Each source lacks part of required information, both works cited entries and in-text citations May lapse into a mixure of citation styles. Formatting is careless or lacking. Assignment does not meet the source requirements (at least 5 sources). Assignment contains no works cited or in-text citations. Assignment is plagiarized. DIRECTIONS (10%) 2 / 5 EXCELLENT (5) GOOD (4) SATISFACTORY (3) UNSATISFACTORY (2) UNACCEPTABLE (1) Provides at least 5 pages in length (not including the heading); at least 2 parentheticalcitations per supporting paragraph. Incorporates 1 inch margins rule all around (top, bottom, left, and right) Produces a double spaced Word document Types in Times New Roman 12 pt. font Assignment meets page requirements but may lack in one minor requirement such as margins or font /size. Assignment meets page requirements may be missing a minor and a major requirement. Assignment almost meets page requirements, but contains major omissions such as spacing, MLA omissions, source omissions. Document does not follow assignment instructions. LANGUAGE (20%) 3 / 5 EXCELLENT (5) GOOD (4) SATISFACTORY (3) UNSATISFACTORY (2) Style, tone, and expression appropriate for academic writing; diction well chosen; syntax and mechanics virtually error-free. Style and tone suitable for academic writing; syntax and mechanics have minor errors; diction appropriate in most instances. Style and tone fall short of academic standards; distracting usage, diction, and mechanical errors. Little resemblance to academic writing in most respects.

UNACCEPTABLE (1) Frequent errors inhibit clarity and meaning. FOCUS (20%) 3 / 5 EXCELLENT (5) GOOD (4) SATISFACTORY (3) UNSATISFACTORY (2) UNACCEPTABLE (1) Clear introduction, research question and thesis that indicates an analysis of the slave narrative. Academic title and supporting paragraphs are effective. Concludes satisfactorily. Introduction may be clear and research question and thesis may be present, but document may stray somewhat. Title connects; supporting paragraphs may need to be more development. Conclusion present. Introduction lacks engagement and connection. Research question and thesis present; however, the document lacks in connection and support. Title may not connect to the main idea. Conclusion present but may not end effectively. Introduction fails to properly signal topic. Reserach question is unclear or missing. Thesis is general, vague iwordy, convoluted, or doesn't answer/address the question. Title is insignificant. Underdeveloped conclusion. No achievement in any of the focus criteria.