Oracle VM Administration: Oracle VM Server for x86 Student Guide D74549GC10 Edition 1.0 April 2012 D76950
Author Michele Dady Editors Aju Kumar Anwesha Ray Graphic Designer Satish Bettegowda Publishers Nita Brozowski Veena Narasimhan Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Disclaimer This document contains proprietary information and is protected by copyright and other intellectual property laws. You may copy and print this document solely for your own use in an Oracle training course. The document may not be modified or altered in any way. Except where your use constitutes "fair use" under copyright law, you may not use, share, download, upload, copy, print, display, perform, reproduce, publish, license, post, transmit, or distribute this document in whole or in part without the express authorization of Oracle. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in the document, please report them in writing to: Oracle University, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, California 94065 USA. This document is not warranted to be error-free. Restricted Rights Notice If this documentation is delivered to the United States Government or anyone using the documentation on behalf of the United States Government, the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS The U.S. Government s rights to use, modify, reproduce, release, perform, display, or disclose these training materials are restricted by the terms of the applicable Oracle license agreement and/or the applicable U.S. Government contract. Trademark Notice Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Contents Preface 1 Introducing Oracle VM with Oracle VM Server for x86 Objectives 1-2 Lesson Overview 1-3 Oracle VM with Oracle VM Server for x86 1-4 Oracle VM Main Components 1-5 Server Virtualization 1-6 Advantages of Server Virtualization 1-7 Challenges with Server Virtualization 1-9 Application-Driven Virtualization with Oracle VM 1-10 Application Deployment and Management with Oracle VM 1-12 Quiz 1-13 Virtualization Concepts with Oracle VM 1-14 Server Virtualization Technologies 1-15 Oracle VM Virtualization Architecture 1-17 Guest Types with Oracle VM 1-19 Guest Support with Oracle VM 1-21 Quiz 1-23 What s New in Oracle VM 3.0 1-24 Oracle VM Functional Architecture 1-25 Oracle VM Functional Architecture: Storage 1-27 Oracle VM Functional Architecture: Networking 1-29 Live Migration 1-31 Server Pool Policies 1-33 High Availability for Virtual Machines 1-34 Faster Deployment with Oracle VM Templates and Assemblies 1-35 Performance and Scalability Enhancements with Oracle VM 1-37 Configuration Limits 1-40 Benefits of the Oracle VM Solution: Summary 1-41 Quiz 1-42 Summary 1-43 Practice Preview 1-44 2 Planning and Installation Objectives 2-2 iii
Planning your Installation 2-3 Oracle VM Server for x86 2-4 Requirements for the Oracle VM Manager Host 2-6 Oracle VM Manager Ports, Users, and Passwords 2-8 Networking in the Oracle VM Environment 2-10 Network Services 2-12 Storage for Oracle VM Servers 2-14 Installation and Postinstallation Steps for Oracle VM Components 2-16 Oracle VM Server for x86 Installation Steps 2-17 Oracle VM Server: Postinstallation Status 2-19 Oracle VM Manager Installation Steps 2-21 Oracle VM Manager Installation Options 2-23 Other Installation Options for Oracle VM Manager 2-26 Installation Directories 2-28 Enabling Console Access for Virtual Machines 2-30 Postinstallation Changes 2-32 Launching the Oracle VM Manager Application 2-34 Navigating the User Interface: The Home View 2-35 Navigating the User Interface: The Hardware View 2-37 Upgrading your Oracle VM Environment 2-38 Quiz 2-40 Summary 2-42 Practice Preview 2-43 3 Managing Servers and Networks Objectives 3-2 Lesson Overview 3-3 Initial Configuration Steps 3-4 Discovering Oracle VM Servers 3-6 Newly Discovered Oracle VM Server 3-7 Newly Discovered Oracle VM Server: Functions 3-8 Operations on Oracle VM Servers 3-9 Quiz 3-11 Networking in Oracle VM 3-12 Networks in the Oracle VM Environment 3-13 Networks and Network Functions 3-14 Management Networks 3-16 Management Interface on the Oracle VM Server 3-17 Creating Additional Networks 3-19 Guidelines for Creating Networks 3-20 Building Blocks for Creating Networks 3-22 iv
Bonded Interfaces 3-23 Network Bonding: Example 3-24 Network Bridges 3-26 Network Bridges: Example 3-27 Creating a Network with VLAN Support 3-29 Oracle VM VLAN Terminology 3-30 VLAN Interfaces: Example 3-31 Creating Networks with VLAN Support 3-32 Configuring a VLAN Group 3-33 Creating a Network with a VLAN Segment 3-34 Creating Networks with Oracle VM Manager 3-35 Managing Networks with the Oracle VM Manager 3-36 Quiz 3-38 Summary 3-39 Practice Preview 3-40 4 Managing Storage Objectives 4-2 Lesson Overview 4-3 Oracle VM Initial Configuration: Storage Tasks 4-4 Storage Highlights 4-6 Storage Functions 4-7 Accessing Storage in the Oracle VM Environment 4-9 Storage Connect Framework 4-11 Storage Connect Generic and Vendor Plug-Ins 4-12 Preparing External Storage 4-13 Preparing External Storage: FC Multipathing 4-14 Quiz 4-16 Configuring Storage in Oracle VM 4-17 Storage Management with the Oracle VM Manager 4-18 Configuring File Servers 4-20 Registering a File Server: Generic Network File System Example 4-22 Configuring Storage Arrays 4-24 Unmanaged and Managed Storage Arrays 4-25 Unmanaged Storage Array Behavior 4-26 Registering Storage Arrays: iscsi Example with Generic SCSI Plug-In 4-27 Registration Process 4-29 After Completing the Registration Process 4-31 Refreshing the Storage Array 4-32 Configuring Access Groups 4-33 Completing the Storage Array Configuration 4-34 v
Making Changes to Your Storage 4-36 Physical Disk Cloning 4-38 Cloning Terminology 4-39 Cloning Physical Disks with Oracle VM 4-40 Vendor-Managed Storage Case Study Using the Sun ZFS Storage Appliance 4-42 Sun ZFS Storage Appliance Storage Connect Components 4-43 Using the Sun ZFS Storage Appliance with Oracle VM 4-45 Installing the Sun ZFS Storage Appliance Plug-in and Workflows 4-47 Creating an Oracle VM Project on the Sun ZFS Storage Appliance 4-48 Creating a Role and User for Oracle VM on the Sun ZFS Storage Appliance 4-49 Creating an iscsi Target and Target Group on the Sun ZFS Storage Appliance 4-50 Registering the Sun ZFS Storage Appliance from the Oracle VM Manager 4-51 Creating Physical Disks in the Sun ZFS Storage Array Using the Oracle VM Manager 4-53 Creating an Access Group from the Oracle VM Manager 4-55 Presenting Physical Disks to the Access Group from the Oracle VM Manager 4-56 Cloning Physical Disks in the Sun ZFS Storage Array Using the Oracle VM Manager 4-57 Quiz 4-59 Summary 4-60 Practice Preview 4-61 5 Server Pools and Repositories Objectives 5-2 Lesson Overview 5-3 Server Pool and Repository Configuration Tasks 5-4 Server Pools and Repositories 5-5 Server Pool: Overview 5-7 Server Pool Functions 5-8 Server Pool Clusters 5-10 OCFS2 for Oracle VM 5-11 Components of OCFS2 5-12 Building a Clustered Server Pool with OCFS2 5-13 Server Pool Cluster with Shared Resources and Distributed Lock Management 5-15 OCFS2 Features 5-17 OCFS2 Cluster Services 5-18 Server Pool Deployment Planning 5-19 Creating a Clustered Server Pool with Oracle VM Manager 5-21 Adding Oracle VM Servers to a Server Pool 5-23 Cluster Creation 5-24 vi
Oracle VM Cluster Configuration 5-25 Nonclustered Server Pools 5-27 Managing Server Pools 5-28 Server Pool Policies 5-30 Distributed Resource Scheduling 5-31 How DRS/DPM Work 5-33 Anti-Affinity Groups 5-34 Quiz 5-35 Oracle VM Repositories 5-36 Storage Repositories 5-37 Creating Storage Repositories 5-39 Presenting Oracle VM Servers to Repositories 5-41 Adding Resources to Repositories 5-42 Managing Virtual Disks in Repositories 5-44 Cloning a Virtual Disk 5-45 Managing Repositories 5-48 Quiz 5-50 Summary 5-51 Practice Preview 5-52 6 Managing Virtual Machines Objectives 6-2 Lesson Overview 6-3 Review: Virtual Machine Terminology 6-4 Creating Virtual Machines 6-8 Virtual Machine Components 6-10 Review: Disk Storage for Virtual Machines 6-12 Virtual Machine Networking: The Virtual Nic Manager 6-14 Steps to Create a Virtual Machine 6-16 Example: Create a Virtual Machine Using the Installation Media 6-18 Create a Virtual Machine Using the Installation Media: Variation for a PV Guest 6-26 Virtual Machine Configuration File 6-28 Starting and Accessing the Virtual Machine 6-31 Installing the Operating System in the Guest 6-32 Using Kickstart to Create Virtual Machines 6-35 Quiz 6-37 Templates, Assemblies, and Cloning 6-38 Creating Virtual Machines from Templates and Assemblies 6-39 Creating New Virtual Machines with Cloning 6-41 Simple and Advanced Clone Operations 6-43 vii
Cloning and Clone Definitions 6-45 Cloning Process Using Clone Definitions 6-46 Oracle VM Manager Clone Definition Operations 6-47 Creating a New Clone Definition 6-49 Clone Definition Disk Mappings to Repositories, Physical Disks, and Storage Arrays 6-51 Creating a Virtual Machine or Template Using a Clone Definition 6-53 Managing Virtual Machines 6-54 Virtual Machine Life Cycle 6-55 More Actions on Virtual Machines 6-57 Enabling High Availability for Virtual Machines 6-60 HA and Oracle VM Server Failure 6-61 Quiz 6-63 Summary 6-64 Practice Preview 6-65 viii