Mobile Communications in Japan 24th July 2007 Broadband and Wireless Workshop No.6 "Evolution of Mobile Communication and Application" M I C Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, JAPAN
1 Overview of Mobile Communications in Japan
Changes in the number of mobile phone subscribers ~TCA investigation~ (million) 100 90 June 2007 Number of subscribers -Mobile phones: Approx. 98,055,800 units -Mobile IP connection service: Approx. 85,648,200 units -IMT-2000: Approx. 74,690,500 units 87.3% 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1999 Start of i-mode, EZ-web and J-Sky service 2001 Start of IMT-2000 service 76.2% IMT-2000 Can connect with Internet Number of mobile phone subscribers 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 (FY) 2006 2007.6 2
Frequency Allocation and Licences for 3G and BWA in Japan 3 FDD system TDD system 700MHz 800MHz 900MHz 1.5GHz 1.7GHz 2.0GHz 2.0GHz 2.5GHz Current status 2G and 3G NTT DoCoMo KDDI 2G NTT DoCoMo KDDI Softbank 3G NTT DoCoMo Assigned to cope with spectrum congestion e Mobile New entrant 3G NTT DoCoMo KDDI Softbank IP Mobile Analog television service to be discontinued Shift/Convergence Reallocating frequencies Started Service : March 31, 2007 New entrant Future For 3G deployment 700MHz 800MHz 900MHz For 3G deployment Additional spectrum to ease traffic congestion For 3G deployment For introduction of BWA -WiMAX -MBTDD-Wideband -MBTDD 625k-MC To be used as pair bands after July 2012 -Next-generation PHS
Development of Mobile Phone Services 4 Phone (Voice) Data Communication (Internet) Picture (Mobile phone with camera) Ubiquitous Network Hello E-mail E-mail with Picture/Movie Gaming TV Telephone Whether Forecast Restraint Information Television Navigation Credit / Electronic Money Download Music
Sales in Japan s Telecommunications Market (FY05) A. Major mobile phone carriers B. Major long distance/international carriers C. Major local carriers Vodafone 1.4693 trillion au 2.5103 trillion Willcom 209.8 billion Approx. 53% NTT DoCoMo 4.7659 trillion Japan Telecom 343.5 billion KDDI 619.3 billion Fusion 70.1 billion Approx. 51% JSAT 40.1 billion Space Communications 17.9 billion NTT Com 1.1278 trillion K-Opticom 92.1 billion NTT West 2.296 trillion J-COM Group 83.6 billion CTC 32 billion Other power companies 151.8 billion Approx. 92% NTT East 2.1253 trillion Approx. 9 trillion Approx. 2.2 trillion Approx. 4.5 trillion D. Sales Transition of Major Japanese Telecommunication Carriers 15 trillion The sales of major telecommunications carriers have increased three-fold since 1985. Japan Telecom 343.5 billion Vodafone 1.4693 trillion Others 697.4 billion (Softbank) 1.8128 trillion 10 trillion au (incl. Tu-ka) 2.5103 trillion KDD fixed 619.3 billion KDDI 3.1296 trillion 15.7 trillion 5 trillion KDD 223 billion NTT DoCoMo 4.7659 trillion NTT Com 1.1278 trillion NTT 10.486 trillion NTT 5.134 trillion 5.357 trillion NTT West 2.296 trillion NTT East 2.1253 trillion FY85 Note 1: The above diagram is created from the financial statements (total sales revenue) based on accounting regulations for telecommunication carriers submitted by carriers that provide basic telecommunication services and the financial reports based on the accounting regulations for telecommunication operations submitted by certified telecommunications carriers (the total sales profits of telecommunication businesses and other operations except for TEPCO showing only the sales profits for their telecommunication operations). Note 2: The sales of NTT DoCoMo and the sales of KDDI fixed and each category of au were created by settlement short lines. FY05
Changes in the Number of Telecommunication Service Users 6 (Unit: 10 thousand) As of Mar 07 10,000 Fixed Communications (Subscribers Telephone + ISDN) Mobile Communications (Cellular + PHS) Subscribers to High/Ultra High Speed Internet (DSL + CATV + FTTH + Wireless) Mobile 9,648 9,648 10,170 8,000 7,482 8,112 8,665 9,147 6,000 5,245 5,456 5,636 5,781 5,907 6,028 6,164 6,263 6,285 6,263 6,223 5,685 6,678 6,196 6,133 6,077 6,022 5,961 Fixed Fixed 5,808 5,516 4,000 2,000 0 49 87 138 171 213 433 1,170 2,691 3,825 4,731 Fixed Fixed Broadband Broadband 22 85 Reversal in lead for number of contracts of fixed mobile 387 Reversal in lead for number of contracts of fixed mobile (November 2000) (November 2000) 1990/3 1991/3 1992/3 1993/3 1994/3 1995/3 1996/3 1997/3 1998/3 1999/3 2000/3 2001/3 2002/3 2003/3 2004/3 2005/3 2006/3 2007/3 940 1,492 1,956 2,330 2,330 1,146 2,644
Growth of Data Rate in Fixed and Mobile communications Data rate [bit/s] 1G 100M 10M 1M 100k 10k ISDN Voice band modern CATV / xdsl PHS FTTH Next Gen. PHS 802.11 family (30M) W-CDMA HSDPA VDSL (14M) Cdma2000 EV-DO (2.4M) W-CDMA cdma2000 (384k) pre-imt(2g) 802.16 family IMT-2000(3G) IMT-Advanced(4G) 1k 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Year 7
Next Generation Mobile Communications 8
IT Strategy and 4 th -Generation Mobile Communications Systems in Japan e-japan Strategy e-japan Strategy II IT New Reform Strategy e-japan Priority Program e-japan Priority Program -2002 e-japan Priority Program -2003 e-japan Priority Program -2004 IT Policy Package -2005 Priority Program -2006 Advancement of mobile communications technology Realization of 4 th - generation mobile communications systems to create the world s most advanced mobile IT environment Promoting world-leading R&D, making an active contribution to international standardization processes, developing element technology by 2005 for realization by 2010. Jan 2001 R&D to realize 4 th -generation mobile communications systems Realization of 4 th -generation mobile communications systems to create the world s most advanced mobile IT environment Promoting world-leading R&D, making an active contribution to international standardization processes, developing element technology by 2005 for realization by 2010. Jul Objectives To realize mobile communication systems capable of data rate at 100 times faster than current technology by FY2010 Policies In order to develop systems capable of data rate at 100 times current speeds, Japan must utilize its strengths in mobile communications technology and markets and pursue R&D into world-leading technology and applications through joint initiatives involving the public, private and academic sectors, while at the same time pursuing validation testing and international standardization with a view to develop practical systems harmonized with international trends. Development of 4 th -generation mobile communications systems Japan will develop 4 th -generation mobile communications systems(4g systems) capable of data rate at 100 times current speeds to realize 4G systems by FY2010, through initiatives such as R&D, validation testing and technology trials for frequency sharing with other radio systems. In addition, Japan will actively contribute to the international standardization activities of the ITU in the area of frequency bands specification, selection of radio transmission technology etc. 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2010 (Year) Jan 9
Future development of IMT-2000 and IMT-Advanced ITU-R Rec.M.1645 Mobility High mobility:100mbit/s Nomadic : 1Gbit/s High IMT-2000 Enhanced IMT-2000 New Mobile Access IMT-Advanced Enhancement Low New Nomadic / Local Area Wireless Access 1 10 100 1000 Peak Useful Data Rate(Mbit/s) denotes interconnection between systems via networks, allowing flexible use in any environment without making users aware of constituent systems R & D as Government project R & D in private sector Max. data rate: around 2.5-5Gbit/s Growing Spectrum Needs Predicted Total : 1,720 MHz Net additional : 971-1027 MHz (Report ITU-R M.2078 & CPM Report) (High user demand case) 10
Frequency and Standard of IMT-Advanced 11 2007 APG-05 WRC-07 Around 2010- Frequency Identification Standardization of Technical Specification Invitation to propose candidate radio interface technologies, consensus building, etc. Candidate Bands for the Future Development of IMT-2000 and IMT-Advanced 410-430 MHz : 450-470 MHz : Larger coverage but limited spectrum bandwidth 470-806/862 MHz : 2300-2400 MHz : 2700-2900 MHz : 3400-4200 MHz : 4400-4990 MHz : Wider bandwidth for high data rate application Report ITU-R M.2079 & CPM Text Suitable for Future Development of IMT-2000 and IMT-Advanced
MIC s Action Plan for Frequency Reallocation 12 MIC developed the Action Plan for Spectrum Reallocation in August 2004: To ensure a smooth and stable follow-up of concrete spectrum reallocation processes based on the relevant evaluation results. The Action Plan is regularly updated in a timely manner. Examples of measures in the MIC s Action Plan - Replacement of wireless systems by wired systems - Frequency shift - Frequency sharing Detail of MIC s action plan (Revised Oct. 2006) is uploaded at: http://www.tele.soumu.go.jp/e/freq/process/actionplan.htm
Measures to cope with the increasing spectrum demand for mobile communications (3.4GHz-5GHz) Replacement of wireless systems by the wired systems - e.g. Backbone Network (Fixed Microwave & Fixed Satellite) Frequency shift - Frequency change to the bands above 6GHz - e.g. Microwave Telephone Link, Broadcast Relay & Program Distribution Link - Government funds for compensation in certain cases - The quicker the Government takes action, the better. Frequency sharing - Sharing Study between IMT and Fixed Satellite Draft New Report on sharing studies between IMT-Advanced systems and GSO FSS in 3400-4200 and 4500-4800MHz bands (ITU-R SG8 Doc.8/185) The use of mitigation techniques results either in co-frequency operation of both systems or adjacent operation of both systems 13
Efforts of the MIC to realize IMT-Advanced 14 1. Research and development Promoting R&D by linking up the industrial, academic and public sectors around NICT (Apr 2002 Mar 2006) Ultra-broadband mobile communication transmission technology Media handover technology Wireless security platform technology (NICT: National Institute of Information and Communications Technology) Research and development of fundamental technology for advanced mobile communication systems (Oct 2005 Mar 2008) Cognitive radio technology IMT-Advanced transmission high data rate technology (Apr. 2007 ~) Frequency effective usage technology used on space axis Super-conductivity filter technology ITU-R Activities (Spectrum, Standard) 2. International standardization & cooperation IMT-Advanced Workshop at YRP (Mar 2006) ITU-R WP8F Kyoto Meeting (May 2007) ITU-R Workshop on IMT-Advanced (May 2007)
Thank you for your kind attention! 15