Table of Contents 1 IP Routing Table Commands 1-1 IP Routing Table Commands 1-1 display ip routing-table 1-1 display ip routing-table acl 1-3 display ip routing-table ip-address 1-5 display ip routing-table ip-address1 ip-address2 1-7 display ip routing-table ip-prefix 1-7 display ip routing-table protocol 1-8 display ip routing-table radix 1-9 display ip routing-table statistics 1-10 display ip routing-table verbose 1-11 reset ip routing-table statistics protocol 1-12 2 Static Route Configuration Commands 2-1 Static Route Configuration Commands 2-1 delete static-routes all 2-1 ip route-static 2-1 3 RIP Configuration Commands 3-1 RIP Configuration Commands 3-1 checkzero 3-1 default cost 3-2 display rip 3-2 display rip interface 3-3 display rip routing 3-4 filter-policy export 3-5 filter-policy import 3-6 host-route 3-7 import-route 3-8 network 3-9 peer 3-9 preference 3-10 reset 3-11 rip 3-11 rip authentication-mode 3-12 rip input 3-13 rip metricin 3-14 rip metricout 3-14 rip output 3-15 rip split-horizon 3-15 rip version 3-16 rip work 3-17 summary 3-18 timers 3-19 traffic-share-across-interface 3-19 i
4 OSPF Configuration Commands 4-1 OSPF Configuration Commands 4-1 abr-summary 4-1 area 4-2 asbr-summary 4-2 authentication-mode 4-3 default 4-4 default-cost 4-5 default-route-advertise 4-6 display router id 4-7 display ospf abr-asbr 4-8 display ospf asbr-summary 4-9 display ospf brief 4-10 display ospf cumulative 4-13 display ospf error 4-14 display ospf interface 4-17 display ospf lsdb 4-18 display ospf nexthop 4-21 display ospf peer 4-22 display ospf request-queue 4-25 display ospf retrans-queue 4-26 display ospf routing 4-26 display ospf vlink 4-27 filter-policy export 4-29 filter-policy import 4-30 import-route 4-31 log-peer-change 4-32 multi-path-number 4-32 network 4-33 nssa 4-33 ospf 4-35 ospf authentication-mode 4-36 ospf cost 4-37 ospf dr-priority 4-37 ospf mib-binding 4-38 ospf mtu-enable 4-39 ospf network-type 4-39 ospf timer dead 4-41 ospf timer hello 4-41 ospf timer poll 4-42 ospf timer retransmit 4-43 ospf trans-delay 4-43 peer 4-44 preference 4-45 reset ospf 4-45 reset ospf statistics 4-46 router id 4-46 silent-interface 4-47 ii
snmp-agent trap enable ospf 4-48 spf-schedule-interval 4-49 stub 4-49 vlink-peer 4-50 5 IP Routing Policy Configuration Commands 5-1 IP Routing Policy Configuration Commands 5-1 apply cost 5-1 apply tag 5-2 display ip ip-prefix 5-2 display route-policy 5-3 if-match { acl ip-prefix } 5-4 if-match cost 5-4 if-match interface 5-5 if-match ip next-hop 5-6 if-match tag 5-6 ip ip-prefix 5-7 route-policy 5-8 6 Route Capacity Configuration Commands 6-1 Route Capacity Configuration Commands 6-1 display memory 6-1 display memory limit 6-2 memory 6-3 memory auto-establish disable 6-4 memory auto-establish enable 6-4 iii
1 IP Routing Table Commands The term router in this chapter refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet switch running a routing protocol. The S3600-SI series do not support OSPF. IP Routing Table Commands display ip routing-table display ip routing-table [ { begin exclude include } regular-expression ] Any view regular-expression: Regular expression, a string of 1 to 256 case-sensitive characters used for specifying routing entries. : Uses the regular expression to match the output routing information. begin: Displays the routing information from the route entry containing the specified character string. include: Displays all routing information containing the specified character string. exclude: Displays all routing information without the specified character string. For details about regular expressions, refer to Configuration File Management Operation of this manual. 1-1
Use the display ip routing-table command to display the routing table summary. This command displays the summary of the routing table. Each line represents one route, containing destination address/mask length, protocol, preference, cost, next hop, and output interface. This command displays only the currently used routes, that is, the optimal routes. # Display the summary of the current routing table. <Sysname> display ip routing-table Routing Table: public net Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface 1.1.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 1.1.1.1 Vlan-interface1 1.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 2.2.2.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 2.2.2.1 Vlan-interface2 2.2.2.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 3.3.3.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 3.3.3.1 Vlan-interface3 3.3.3.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 4.4.4.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 4.4.4.1 Vlan-interface4 4.4.4.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.0/8 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 # Display the routing information from the entry containing the character string interface4 in the current routing table. <Sysname> display ip routing-table begin interface4 Routing Table: public net 4.4.4.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 4.4.4.1 Vlan-interface4 4.4.4.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.0/8 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 # Display the routing information containing the character string interface4 in the current routing table. <Sysname> display ip routing-table include interface4 Routing Table: public net Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface 4.4.4.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 4.4.4.1 Vlan-interface4 # Display the routing information without the character string interface4 in the current routing table. <Sysname> display ip routing-table exclude interface4 Routing Table: public net Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface 1.1.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 1.1.1.1 Vlan-interface1 1.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 2.2.2.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 2.2.2.1 Vlan-interface2 2.2.2.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 3.3.3.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 3.3.3.1 Vlan-interface3 3.3.3.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 4.4.4.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 1-2
127.0.0.0/8 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 Table 1-1 on the fields of the display ip routing-table command Field Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface Destination address/mask length Routing protocol Route preference Route cost Next hop address Output interface, through which the data packets destined for the destination network segment are sent display ip routing-table acl display ip routing-table acl acl-number [ verbose ] Any view acl-number: Basic access control list number, in the range of 2000 to 2999. verbose: With this keyword specified, detailed information of routes in the active or inactive state that match the ACL is displayed. With this keyword not specified, brief information of only the routes in the active state that match the ACL is displayed. Use the display ip routing-table acl command to display the information of routes that match the specified ACL. # Display the information of ACL 2100. <Sysname> display acl 2100 Basic ACL 2100, 1 rule Acl's step is 1 rule 0 permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 For details about the display acl command, refer to ACL Command. # Display the information of routes that match ACL 2100. <Sysname> display ip routing-table acl 2100 Routes matched by access-list 2100: Summary count: 2 Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface 192.168.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 192.168.1.2 Vlan-interface2 1-3
192.168.1.2/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 For descriptions of the above fields, refer to Table 1-1. # Display the detailed information of routes that match ACL 2100. <Sysname> display ip routing-table acl 2100 verbose Routes matched by access-list 2100: + = Active Route, - = Last Active, # = Both * = Next hop in use Summary count: 3 **Destination: 192.168.1.0 Mask: 255.255.255.0 Protocol: #DIRECT Preference: 0 *NextHop: 192.168.1.2 Interface: 192.168.1.2(Vlan-interface2) State: <Int ActiveU Retain Unicast> Age: 21:34:13 Cost: 0/0 **Destination: 192.168.1.2 Mask: 255.255.255.255 Protocol: #DIRECT Preference: 0 *NextHop: 127.0.0.1 Interface: 127.0.0.1(InLoopBack0) State: <NoAdvise Int ActiveU Retain Gateway Unicast> Age: 21:34:13 Cost: 0/0 Table 1-2 on the fields of the display ip routing-table command Field Destination Mask Protocol Preference Nexthop Interface Destination address Subnet mask Protocol that discovers the route Route preference Next hop to the destination Outbound interface through which data packets are forwarded to the destination network segment. 1-4
Field of route state: State ActiveU Blackhole Delete Gateway Hidden Holddown Int NoAdvise NotInstall Reject Retain Static Unicast An active unicast route, where U represents unicast. A blackhole route is similar to a reject route, but no ICMP unreachable message is sent to the source. A route is to be deleted. An indirect route. An existing route that is temporarily unavailable for some reason (for example, suppressed by a routing policy or down interface). However, deletion is not expected. It is therefore hidden so that it can recover later. Number of routes that are held down. Holddown is a route advertisement policy that some D-V based routing protocols (for example, RIP) use to avoid the spread of wrong routes but speed up the correct spread of ICMP unreachable messages. A certain route is advertised at intervals, no matter whether the currently discovered route to the same destination changes. For details, refer to the specific routing protocols. A route discovered by IGP. A routing protocol does not advertise any NoAdvise route when advertising routes in accordance with a routing policy. A NotInstall route cannot be added to the core routing table, but may be advertised. A route with the highest priority is generally selected from the routing table, added to the core routing table, and then advertised. The routes marked with reject do not guide the router to forward packets as a normal route does. The router discards the packets matching reject routes and sends an ICMP unreachable message to the source. Reject routes are usually used for network tests. The routes marked with retain will not be deleted when you delete routes in the core routing table. You can mark static routes with retain to make them stay in the core routing table. The routes marked with static will not be deleted from the routing table after you perform a save operation and restart the router. The routes manually configured on a router are marked with static. A unicast route. Age Cost Lifetime of a route in the routing table, in the format of HH:MM:SS. Cost of a route. display ip routing-table ip-address display ip routing-table ip-address [ mask mask-length ] [ longer-match ] [ verbose ] Any view 1-5
ip-address: Destination IP address, in dotted decimal notation. mask: Subnet mask, in dotted decimal notation. mask-length: Length of a subnet mask, in the range of 0 to 32. longer-match: Specifies all the routes that lead to the destination address and match the specified mask. If you do not specify the mask argument, those that match the natural mask are specified. verbose: Displays the detailed information of routes. Use the display ip routing-table ip-address command to display the routing information of the specified destination address. With different arguments provided, the command output is different. The following is the command output with different arguments provided: display ip routing-table ip-address If the destination address ip-address corresponds to a route in the natural mask range, this command displays the route that is the longest match of the destination address ip-address and is active. display ip routing-table ip-address mask This command only displays the routes exactly matching the specified destination address and mask. display ip routing-table ip-address longer-match This command displays all destination address routes matching the specified destination address in the natural mask range. display ip routing-table ip-address mask longer-match This command displays all destination address routes matching the specified destination address in the specified mask range. # Display the brief information of routes with a natural mask. <Sysname> display ip routing-table 169.0.0.0 Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface 169.0.0.0/16 Static 60 0 2.1.1.1 LoopBack1 For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-1. # Display the detailed information of routes with a natural mask. <Sysname> display ip routing-table 169.253.0.0 verbose Routing Tables: + = Active Route, - = Last Active, # = Both * = Next hop in use Summary count:1 **Destination: 169.0.0.0 Mask: 255.0.0.0 Protocol: #Static Preference: -60 *NextHop: 2.1.1.1 Interface: 2.1.1.1(LoopBack1) State: <Int ActiveU Static Unicast> Age: 3:47 Cost: 0/0 For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-2. 1-6
display ip routing-table ip-address1 ip-address2 display ip routing-table ip-address1 { mask1 mask-length1 } ip-address2 { mask2 mask-length2 } [ verbose ] Any view ip-address1, ip-address2: Destination IP address in dotted decimal notation. ip-address1 {mask1 mask-length1} and ip-address2 {mask2 mask-length2} determine one address range together. ip-address1 ANDed with {mask1 mask-length1} specifies the start of the range, while ip-address2 ANDed with {mask2 mask-length2} specifies the end. This command displays the route in this address range. mask1, mask2: Subnet mask, in dotted decimal notation. mask-length1, mask-length2: Mask length, in the ranges of 0 to 32. verbose: With the verbose argument provided, this command displays the verbose information of both active and inactive routes. Without this argument provided, this command displays the summary of active routes only. Use the display ip routing-table ip-address1 ip-address2 command to display the route information in the specified destination address range. # Display the routing information of destination addresses ranging from 1.1.1.0 to 2.2.2.0. <Sysname>display ip routing-table 1.1.1.0 24 2.2.2.0 24 Routing tables: Summary count: 3 Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface 1.1.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 1.1.1.1 Vlan-interface1 1.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 2.2.2.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 2.2.2.1 Vlan-interface2 For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-1. display ip routing-table ip-prefix display ip routing-table ip-prefix ip-prefix-name [ verbose ] Any view ip-prefix-name: IP prefix list name, a string of 1 to 19 characters. 1-7
verbose: With this keyword specified, detailed information of routes in the active or inactive state that match the IP prefix list is displayed. With this keyword not specified, brief information of only the routes in the active state that match the prefix list is displayed. Use the display ip routing-table ip-prefix command to display the information of routes matching the specified IP prefix list. # Display the brief information of routes in the active state that match the prefix list abc2. <Sysname>system-view System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] ip ip-prefix abc2 permit 10.1.1.0 24 less-equal 32 [Sysname] display ip routing-table ip-prefix abc2 Routes matched by ip-prefix abc2: Summary count: 2 Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface 10.1.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.1.2 Vlan-interface1 10.1.1.2/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-1. # Display the detailed information of routes in the active or inactive state that match the prefix list abc2. [Sysname] display ip routing-table ip-prefix abc2 verbose Routes matched by ip-prefix abc2: + = Active Route, - = Last Active, # = Both * = Next hop in use Summary count: 2 **Destination: 10.1.1.0 Mask: 255.255.255.0 Protocol: #DIRECT Preference: 0 *NextHop: 10.1.1.2 Interface: 10.1.1.2(Vlan-interface1) State: <Int ActiveU Retain Unicast> Age: 3:23:44 Cost: 0/0 **Destination: 10.1.1.2 Mask: 255.255.255.255 Protocol: #DIRECT Preference: 0 *NextHop: 127.0.0.1 Interface: 127.0.0.1(InLoopBack0) State: <NoAdvise Int ActiveU Retain Gateway Unicast> Age: 3:23:44 Cost: 0/0 For descriptions of the above fields, see Table 1-2. display ip routing-table protocol display ip routing-table protocol protocol [ inactive verbose ] Any view 1-8
protocol: You can provide one of the following values for this argument. direct: Displays direct-connect route information ospf: Displays OSPF route information. ospf-ase: Displays OSPF ASE route information. ospf-nssa: Displays OSPF not-so-stubby area (NSSA) route information. rip: Displays RIP route information. static: Displays static route information. inactive: With this argument provided, this command displays the inactive route information. Without this argument provided, this command displays both active and inactive route information. verbose: With this keyword specified, detailed information of routes in the active or inactive state is displayed. With this keyword not specified, brief information of only the routes in the active state is displayed. Use the display ip routing-table protocol command to display the route information of a specific protocol. # Display the summary of all direct-connect routes. <Sysname> display ip routing-table protocol direct DIRECT Routing tables: Summary count: 4 DIRECT Routing tables status:<active>: Summary count: 3 Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface 20.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.0/8 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 DIRECT Routing tables status:<inactive>: Summary count: 1 Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface 210.0.0.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 For detailed description of the output information, see Table 1-1. display ip routing-table radix display ip routing-table radix Any view None 1-9
Use the display ip routing-table radix command to display the route information in a tree structure. <Sysname> display ip routing-table radix Radix tree for INET (2) inodes 7 routes 5: +-32+--{210.0.0.1 +--0+ +--8+--{127.0.0.0 +-32+--{127.0.0.1 +--1+ +--8+--{20.0.0.0 +-32+--{20.1.1.1 Table 1-3 on the fields of the display ip routing-table radix command Field INET Inodes Routes Address suite Number of nodes Number of routes display ip routing-table statistics display ip routing-table statistics Any view None Use the display ip routing-table statistics command to display the integrated routing information. The integrated routing information includes the total number of routes, the number of active routes, the number of routes added by protocols, and the number of routes deleted. # Display the integrated route information. <Sysname> display ip routing-table statistics Routing tables: Proto route active added deleted DIRECT 24 4 25 1 STATIC 4 1 4 0 RIP 0 0 0 0 OSPF 0 0 0 0 1-10
O_ASE 0 0 0 0 O_NSSA 0 0 0 0 Total 28 5 29 1 Table 1-4 on the fields of the display ip routing-table statistics command Field Proto Route Active Added Deleted Total Routing protocol type O_ASE: OSPF_ASE O_NSSA: OSPF NSSA AGGRE: Aggregation protocol Total number of routes Number of active routes Number of routes added after the router is rebooted or the routing table is cleared last time. Number of routes deleted (Such routes will be freed in a period of time) Total number of the different kinds of routes display ip routing-table verbose display ip routing-table verbose Any view None Use the display ip routing-table verbose command to display the detailed information of a routing table, including inactive routes and null routes. The information displayed includes route state descriptor, statistics of the routing table, and detailed information of each route. # Display the verbose routing table information. <Sysname> display ip routing-table verbose Routing Tables: + = Active Route, - = Last Active, # = Both * = Next hop in use Destinations: 3 Routes: 3 Holddown: 0 Delete: 62 Hidden: 0 **Destination: 1.1.1.0 Mask: 255.255.255.0 Protocol: #DIRECT Preference: 0 *NextHop: 1.1.1.1 Interface: 1.1.1.1(Vlan-interface1) State: <Int ActiveU Retain Unicast> Age: 20:17:41 Cost: 0/0 1-11
**Destination: 1.1.1.1 Mask: 255.255.255.255 Protocol: #DIRECT Preference: 0 *NextHop: 127.0.0.1 Interface: 127.0.0.1(InLoopBack0) State: <NoAdvise Int ActiveU Retain Gateway Unicast> Age: 20:17:42 Cost: 0/0 **Destination: 2.2.2.0 Mask: 255.255.255.0 Protocol: #DIRECT Preference: 0 *NextHop: 2.2.2.1 Interface: 2.2.2.1(Vlan-interface2) State: <Int ActiveU Retain Unicast> Age: 20:08:05 Cost: 0/0 For descriptions of route states, see Table 1-2. Table 1-5 lists the statistics of the routing table. Table 1-5 on the fields of the display ip routing-table verbose command Field Holddown Delete Hidden Number of suppressed routes Number of deleted routes Number of hidden routes reset ip routing-table statistics protocol reset ip routing-table statistics protocol { all protocol } User view all: Specifies all protocols. protocol: Specifies a protocol, which can be direct, ospf, ospf_ase, ospf_nssa, rip, or static. Use the reset ip routing-table statistics protocol command to clear the statistics of routes in a routing table. # Before executing the reset ip routing-table statistics protocol command, use the display ip routing-table statistics command to display the routing statistics: <Sysname> display ip routing-table statistics Routing tables: Proto route active added deleted DIRECT 4 4 12 8 STATIC 0 0 0 0 RIP 0 0 0 0 OSPF 0 0 0 0 1-12
O_ASE 0 0 0 0 O_NSSA 0 0 0 0 Total 4 4 12 8 # Clear the routing statistics of all protocols from the IP routing table. <Sysname> reset ip routing-table statistics protocol all # Display the routing statistics in the IP routing table. <Sysname> display ip routing-table statistics Routing tables: Proto route active added deleted DIRECT 4 4 0 0 STATIC 0 0 0 0 RIP 0 0 0 0 OSPF 0 0 0 0 O_ASE 0 0 0 0 O_NSSA 0 0 0 0 Total 4 4 0 0 The above information shows that the routing statistics in the IP routing table is cleared. 1-13
2 Static Route Configuration Commands The term router in this chapter refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet switch running a routing protocol. Static Route Configuration Commands delete static-routes all delete static-routes all System view None Use the delete static-routes all command to delete all static routes. The system will request your confirmation before it deletes all the configured static routes. Related commands: ip route-static, display ip routing-table. # Delete all the static routes in the router. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] delete static-routes all Are you sure to delete all the unicast static routes?[y/n]y ip route-static ip route-static ip-address { mask mask-length } { interface-type interface-number next-hop } [ preference preference-value ] [ reject blackhole ] [ detect-group group number ] [ description text ] 2-1
undo ip route-static ip-address { mask mask-length } [ interface-type interface-number next-hop ] [ preference preference-value ] System view ip-address: Destination IP address, in dotted decimal notation. mask: Subnet mask, in dotted decimal notation. mask-length: Mask length, in the range of 0 to 32. interface-type interface-number: Next-hop outbound interface. next-hop: Next hop IP address of the route, in dotted decimal notation. preference preference-value: Preference level of a static route, in the range of 1 to 255. The default preference is 60. reject: Indicates the destination is unreachable. If a static route to a destination is marked with reject, all IP packets destined for this destination will be discarded, and the source host will be informed that the destination is unreachable. blackhole: Indicates a blackhole route. If a static route to a destination is marked with blackhole, the outbound interface of this route is the Null 0 interface regardless of the next hop address, and all the IP packet addresses destined for this destination are dropped without the source host being notified. description text: Provides a description for the current route, which is a string of 1 to 60 characters. detect-group group number: Specifies a detect group number, which ranges from 1 to 25. If you specify the next-hop outgoing interface when configuring a static route, the type of outgoing interface can be Null only. The packets sent to a Null interface, which is a virtual interface, will be discarded immediately. This can decrease the system load. For automatic detection information, refer to the part discussing Auto Detect. Use the ip route-static command to configure a static route. Use the undo ip route-static command to delete a static route. By default, the system can obtain the subnet route directly connected to the router. When you configure a static route, if no preference is specified for the route, the preference defaults to 60, and if the route is not specified as reject or blackhole, the route will be reachable by default. When configuring a static route, note the following points: If the destination IP address and the mask are both 0.0.0.0, what you are configuring is a default route. All the packets that fail to find a routing entry will be forwarded through this default route. 2-2
You cannot configure an interface address of the local switch as the next hop address of a static route. You can configure a different preference to implement flexible route management policy. Related commands: display ip routing-table. # Configure the next hop of the default route as 129.102.0.2. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 129.102.0.2 2-3
3 RIP Configuration Commands The term router in this chapter refers to a router in a generic sense or an Ethernet switch running a routing protocol. RIP Configuration Commands checkzero checkzero undo checkzero RIP view None Use the checkzero command to enable the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets. Use the undo checkzero command to disable the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets. By default, RIP-1 performs the must be zero field check. According to the protocol (RFC 1058) specifications, some fields in RIP-1 packets must be zero and these fields are called zero fields. You can use the checkzero command to enable/disable the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets. When the must be zero field check is enabled, if the must be zero field in an incoming RIP-1 packet is non-zero, the packet will be rejected. # Disable the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] undo checkzero 3-1
default cost default cost value undo default cost RIP view value: Default cost, in the range of 1 to 16. Use the default cost command to set the default cost for redistributed routes. Use the undo default cost command to restore the default. By default, the default cost of a redistributed route is 1. If no cost is specified when you use the import-route command to redistribute routes from another routing protocol, the routes will be redistributed with the default cost specified with the default cost command. Related commands: import-route. # Redistribute static routes and set the default cost of the redistributed routes to 3. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] import-route static [Sysname-rip] default cost 3 display rip display rip Any view None Use the display rip command to display the current RIP operation state and RIP configuration. # Display the current RIP operation state and configuration. <Sysname> display rip 3-2
RIP is running Checkzero is on Default cost : 1 Summary is on Preference : 100 Traffic-share-across-interface is off Period update timer : 30 Timeout timer : 180 Garbage-collection timer : 120 No peer router Network : 202.38.168.0 Table 3-1 on the fields of the display rip command Field RIP is running Checkzero Default cost Summary Preference Period update timer Timeout timer Garbage-collection timer No peer router Network Traffic-share-across-interface RIP is active. State of the must be zero field check for RIP-1 packets on: Enabled off: Disabled Default cost for redistributed routes State of the automatic route summarization function: on: Enabled off: Disabled RIP preference Length of the period update timer in seconds Length of the timeout timer in seconds Length of the garbage-collection timer in seconds No destination address of a transmission is specified Network segment on which RIP is enabled State of load sharing among interfaces: on: Enabled off: Disabled display rip interface display rip interface Any view None 3-3
Use the display rip interface command to display RIP interface information. # Display RIP interface information. <Sysname> display rip interface RIP Interface: public net Address Interface Ver MetrIn/Out Input Output Split-horizon 1.0.0.1 Vlan-interface100 2 0/1 on on on Table 3-2 on the fields of the display rip interface command Field Address Interface Ver MetrIn/Out Input Output Split-horizon IP address of the interface running RIP (You need to use the network command to enable the network segment on which the address resides.) Name of the interface running RIP. The IP address of the interface corresponds to that in the Address field. Version of RIP running on the interface Additional metric added when a route is received/sent Indicates whether to allow the interface to receive RIP packets (on means yes; off means no). Indicates whether to allow the interface to send RIP packets (on means yes; off means no). Indicates whether split horizon is enabled (on means yes; off means no) display rip routing display rip routing Any view None Use the display rip routing command to display RIP routing information. # Display the information of the RIP routing table. <Sysname> display rip routing RIP routing table: public net 3-4
A = Active I = Inactive G = Garbage collection C = Change T = Trigger RIP Destination/Mask Cost NextHop Age SourceGateway Att 192.168.110.0/24 1 31.31.31.8 7s 31.31.31.8 A 200.1.1.0/24 1 31.31.31.8 7s 31.31.31.8 A 130.1.0.0/16 1 31.31.31.8 7s 31.31.31.8 A Table 3-3 on the fields of the display rip routing command Field Destination/Mask Cost NextHop Age SourceGateway Att Destination address/mask Cost Net hop address Time elapsed after the route is advertised Gateway originating the route Attributes of a route: A: Active route I: Inactive route G: Working state of the garbage collection timer C: Change state T: Triggered RIP filter-policy export filter-policy { acl-number ip-prefix ip-prefix-name } export [ protocol [ process-id ] ] undo filter-policy { acl-number ip-prefix ip-prefix-name } export [ protocol [ process-id ] ] filter-policy route-policy route-policy-name export undo filter-policy route-policy route-policy-name export RIP view acl-number: Number of the basic or advanced ACL used to filter routing information by destination address, in the range of 2000 to 3999. ip-prefix-name: Name of the address ip-prefix list used to filter routing information by destination address, a string of 1 to 19 characters. route-policy-name: Name of the route-policy used to filter routing information, a string of 1 to 19 characters. protocol: Filters routing protocol redistributed from the protocol. Currently, this argument can be direct, ospf, ospf-ase, ospf-nssa, or static. 3-5
process-id: Process ID of the routing protocol whose routing information is to be filtered, in the range of 1 to 65535. This argument is valid only for ospf, ospf-ase, and ospf-nssa. Use the filter-policy export command to enable RIP to filter the outgoing routing information. Use the undo filter-policy export command to disable RIP from filtering the outgoing routing information. Note that, if protocol is specified, RIP filters only the outgoing routes redistributed from the specified routing protocol. Otherwise, RIP filters all routes to be advertised. By default, RIP does not filter advertised routing information. Related commands: acl, filter-policy import, ip ip-prefix. For details about ACL, refer to ACL Operation. # Apply ACL 2000 to filter the outgoing routing information. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] filter-policy 2000 export filter-policy import filter-policy { acl-number ip-prefix ip-prefix-name [ gateway ip-prefix-name ] route-policy route-policy-name } import undo filter-policy { acl-number ip-prefix ip-prefix-name [ gateway ip-prefix-name ] route-policy route-policy-name } import filter-policy gateway ip-prefix-name import undo filter-policy gateway ip-prefix-name import RIP view acl-number: Number of the ACL used to filter routing information by destination address, in the range of 2000 to 3999. ip-prefix-name: Name of the address prefix list used to filter routing information by destination address, a string of 1 to 19 characters. gateway ip-prefix-name: Name of the address prefix list used to filter routing information by the address of the neighbor router advertising the information, a string of 1 to 19 characters. route-policy-name: Name of the route-policy used to filter routing information, a string of 1 to 19 characters. 3-6
Use the filter-policy gateway command to enable RIP to filter the routing information advertised by a specified address. Use the undo filter-policy gateway command to disable RIP from filtering the routing information advertised by a specified address. Use the filter-policy import command to enable RIP to filter the incoming routing information. Use the undo filter-policy import command to disable RIP from filtering the incoming routing information. By default, RIP does not filter the received routing information. Related commands: acl, filter-policy export, ip ip-prefix. For details about ACL, refer to ACL Operation. # Apply ACL 2000 to filter the incoming routing information. <Sysname>system-view System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] filter-policy 2000 import host-route host-route undo host-route RIP view None Use the host-route command to enable RIP to receive host routes. Use the undo host-route command to disable RIP from receiving host routes. By default, RIP is enabled to receive host routes. In some special cases, RIP receives a great number of host routes from the same network segment. These routes are of little help to addressing but occupy a lot of resources. In this case, the undo host-route command can be used to disable RIP from receiving host routes to save network resources. # Disable RIP from receiving host routes. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip 3-7
[Sysname-rip] undo host-route import-route import-route protocol [process-id ] [ cost value route-policy route-policy-name ]* undo import-route protocol [ process-id ] RIP view protocol: Source routing protocol from which routes are redistributed by RIP. At present, RIP can redistribute routes from protocols: direct, ospf, ospf-ase, ospf-nssa and static. process-id: Process ID of a routing protocol from which routes are redistributed, in the range of 1 to 65535. This argument is valid only for ospf, ospf-ase, and ospf-nssa. value: Cost for redistributed routes, in the range of 0 16. If no cost is specified when redistributing routes, the default cost defined by the default cost command will be used. route-policy-name: Name of a routing policy, a string of 1 to 19 characters. Use the import-route command to enable RIP to redistribute routes from other protocols. Use the undo import-route command to disable RIP from redistributing routes from other protocols. By default, RIP does not redistribute routes from other protocols. If the value is not specified, routes will be redistributed with the default cost defined by the default cost command. If the cost of a redistributed route is 16, RIP does not stop advertising the route to other routers until the Garbage Collection timer expires (the timer length defaults to 120 seconds). Related commands: default cost. # Redistribute static routes with the cost of 4. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] import-route static cost 4 # Set the default cost and redistribute OSPF routes with the default cost. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] default cost 3 [Sysname-rip] import-route ospf 3-8
network network network-address undo network network-address RIP view network-address: Network/IP address of an interface, in dotted decimal notation. Use the network command to enable RIP on an interface attached to the specified network segment. Use the undo network command to disable RIP on the interface attached to the specified network segment. RIP runs only on the interface attached to the specified network. For an interface not on the specified network, RIP neither receives/sends routes on it nor forwards interface route through it. Therefore, you need to specify the network after enabling RIP to validate RIP on a specific interface. By default, RIP is disabled on all interfaces. The differences between the network and rip work commands are as follows: The network command enables RIP on an interface attached to the specified network segment. The rip work command enables an interface to receive and send RIP packets. Related commands: rip work. # Enable RIP on the interface with the network address 129.102.0.0. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] network 129.102.0.0 peer peer ip-address undo peer ip-address RIP view ip-address: IP address of the interface receiving RIP packets in the unicast mode on the neighbor router, in dotted decimal notation. 3-9
Use the peer command to specify the IP address of a neighbor, where routing updates destined for the peer are unicast, rather than multicast or broadcast. Use the undo peer command to remove the IP address of a neighbor. By default, no neighbor is specified. This command is used for non-broadcast networks where the broadcast mode is not suitable. Generally you are not recommended to use this command. # Send RIP packets in the unicast mode to the destination 202.38.165.1. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] peer 202.38.165.1 preference preference value undo preference RIP view value: Preference level, in the range of 1 to 255. Use the preference command to configure the preference of RIP routes. Use the undo preference command to restore the default. By default, the preference of RIP routes is 100. Every routing protocol has its own preference. Its default value is determined by the specific routing policy. The preferences of routing protocols will finally determine which routing algorithm's routes will be selected as the optimal routes in the IP routing table. You can use the preference command to modify the preference of RIP routes manually. # Specify the RIP preference as 20. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] preference 20 3-10
reset reset RIP view None Use the reset command to reset the system configuration parameters of RIP. When you need to re-configure the parameters of RIP, you can use this command to restore the default. # Reset the RIP system configuration. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] reset % Reset RIP's configuration and restart RIP? [Y/N]y rip rip undo rip System view None Use the rip command to enable RIP or enter RIP view. Use the undo rip command to disable RIP. By default, the system does not run RIP. You must enable RIP and enter RIP view before configuring RIP global parameters. You can, however, configure the interface-related parameters no matter whether RIP is enabled. 3-11
Note that the interface-related parameters configured previously would be invalid after RIP is disabled. # Enable RIP and enter RIP view. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] rip authentication-mode rip authentication-mode { simple password md5 { rfc2082 key-string key-id rfc2453 key-string } } undo rip authentication-mode Interface view simple: Specifies to use plain text authentication mode. password: Plain text authentication key, containing 1 to 16 characters. md5: Specifies to use MD5 cipher text authentication mode. rfc2082: Specifies that MD5 cipher text authentication packets will use the packet format stipulated by RFC2082. rfc2453: Specifies that MD5 cipher text authentication packets will use the packet format stipulated by RFC2453. key-string: MD5 cipher text authentication key. If it is typed in the plain text mode, the length does not exceed 16 characters. If it is typed in the cipher text mode, the length is 24 characters. The system will display the MD5 cipher text authentication key with a length of 24 characters in the cipher text mode when you execute the display current-configuration command. key-id: MD5 cipher text authentication identifier, ranging from 1 to 255. Use the rip authentication-mode command to configure RIP-2 authentication mode and its parameters. Use the undo rip authentication-mode command to remove authentication. Only one authentication key is supported each time authentication is performed. An authentication key newly input overwrites an old one. Related commands: rip version. 3-12
You can configure RIPv1 authentication mode in interface view, but the configuration will not take effect because RIPv1 does not support authentication. # Specify the interface VLAN-interface 10 to use the simple authentication with the authentication key of aaa. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip authentication-mode simple aaa # Specify VLAN-interface 10 to use the MD5 cipher text authentication, with the authentication key of aaa and the packet format of rfc2453. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip authentication-mode md5 rfc2453 aaa rip input rip input undo rip input Interface view None Use the rip input command to enable an interface to receive RIP packets. Use the undo rip input command to disable an interface from receiving RIP packets. By default, all interfaces, except loopback interfaces, can receive RIP packets. Related commands: rip work. # Disable the interface VLAN-interface 10 from receiving RIP packets. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname]interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] undo rip input 3-13
rip metricin rip metricin value undo rip metricin Interface view value: Additional metric of RIP routes received on an interface, in the range of 0 to 16. Use the rip metricin command to configure an additional metric for RIP routes received on an interface. Use the undo rip metricin command to restore the default. By default, the additional metric of RIP routes received on an interface is 0. Before a valid RIP route received on an interface is added to the routing table, the additional metric will be added to the route. Therefore, if you increase the additional metric, the metric of RIP routes received on the interface will increase accordingly. If the sum of the additional metric and the original metric is greater than 16, the metric of the route will be 16. Related commands: rip metricout. # Set the additional metric of RIP routes received on the interface VLAN-interface 10 to 2. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip metricin 2 rip metricout rip metricout value undo rip metricout Interface view value: Additional metric of RIP routes sent out of an interface, in the range of 1 to 16. Use the rip metricout command to configure an additional metric for RIP routes sent out of an interface. Use the undo rip metricout command to restore the default. 3-14
By default, the additional metric of RIP routes sent out of an interface is 1. With the command configured on an interface, the metric of RIP routes sent on the interface will be increased. Related commands: rip metricin. # Set the additional metric of RIP routes sent out of the interface VLAN-interface 10 to 2. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip metricout 2 rip output rip output undo rip output Interface view None Use the rip output command to enable an interface to transmit RIP packets. Use the undo rip output command to disable an interface from transmitting RIP packets. By default, all interfaces except loopback interfaces are enabled to transmit RIP packets. Related commands: rip input, rip work. # Disable the interface VLAN-interface 10 from transmitting RIP packets. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] undo rip output rip split-horizon rip split-horizon undo rip split-horizon Interface view 3-15
None Use the rip split-horizon command to enable the split horizon function. Use the undo rip split-horizon command to disable the split horizon function. By default, the split horizon function is enabled. The split horizon function disables an interface from sending routes received from the interface to prevent routing loops between adjacent routers. Therefore, normally, split horizon is necessary for avoiding routing loops. Only in some special cases the split horizon function needs to be disabled to ensure the correct execution of the protocol. So, disable the split horizon function only when necessary. # Disable the split horizon function on the interface VLAN-interface 10. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] undo rip split-horizon rip version rip version { 1 2 [ broadcast multicast ] } undo rip version Interface view 1: Specifies the version of RIP running on an interface as RIP-1. 2: Specifies the version of RIP running on an interface as RIP-2. broadcast: Sends RIP-2 packets in the broadcast mode. multicast: Sends RIP-2 packets in the multicast mode. Use the rip version command to specify the version of RIP running on an interface. Use the undo rip version command to restore the default. By default, the version of RIP running on an interface is RIP-1 and RIP-1 packets are sent in the broadcast mode. If RIP-2 runs on an interface, RIP packets are sent in the multicast mode by default, which reduces resource consumption. 3-16
Table 3-4 Receive mode of RIP packets RIP version RIP-1 broadcast packet RIP-2 broadcast packet RIP-2 multicast packet RIP-1 RIP-2 broadcast mode RIP-2 multicast mode Table 3-5 Send mode of RIP packets RIP version RIP-1 broadcast packet RIP-2 broadcast packet RIP-2 multicast packet RIP-1 RIP-2 broadcast mode RIP-2 multicast mode # Run RIP-2 on the interface VLAN-interface 10 and send RIP packets in the broadcast mode. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip version 2 broadcast rip work rip work undo rip work Interface view None Use the rip work command to enable the interface to receive and send RIP packets. Use the undo rip work command to disable the interface from neither receiving nor sending RIP packets. By default, all interfaces except loopback interfaces are enabled to receive and send RIP packets. The differences between the rip work, rip input, and rip output commands are as follows: The rip work command controls the receiving and sending of RIP packets on an interface. The rip input command controls only the receiving of RIP packets on an interface. The rip output command controls only the sending of RIP packets on an interface. 3-17
Related commands: rip input, rip output. # Disable the interface VLAN-interface 10 from receiving or sending RIP packets. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] undo rip work summary summary undo summary RIP view None Use the summary command to enable RIP-2 automatic route summarization. Use the undo summary command to disable RIP-2 automatic route summarization. By default, RIP-2 automatic route summarization is enabled. Route summarization can be used to reduce the routing traffic on the network as well as to reduce the size of the routing table. The summary routes contain the natural masks when advertised. If RIP-2 is used, route summarization can be disabled with the undo summary command when it is necessary to broadcast subnet routes. RIP-1 always uses automatic route summarization, but the undo summary command is invalid for RIP-1. Related commands: rip version. # Set RIP version on the interface VLAN-interface 10 as RIP-2 and disable route summarization. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] interface Vlan-interface 10 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] rip version 2 [Sysname-Vlan-interface10] quit [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] undo summary 3-18
timers timers { update update-timer timeout timeout-timer } * undo timers { update timeout } * RIP view update-timer: Length of the Period Update timer in seconds, in the range of 1 to 3600. timeout-timer: Length of the Timeout timer in seconds, in the range of 1 to 3600. Use the timers command to modify the lengths of the three RIP timers: Period Update, Timeout, and Garbage-collection (which is usually set to a length four times that of the Period Update timer). Use the undo timers command to restore the default settings. By default, the lengths of the Period Update, Timeout, and Garbage-collection timers are 30 seconds, 180 seconds, and 120 seconds, respectively. Generally, it is regarded that the value of the Garbage-collection timer is fixed at four times that of the Period Update timer. Adjusting the Period Update timer will affect the Garbage-collection timer. The modification of RIP timers is validated immediately. As specified in RFC 1058, RIP is controlled by the above three timers: The update timer defines the interval between routing updates. The timeout timer defines the route aging time. If no routing update related to a route is received within the aging time, the metric of the route is set to 16 in the routing table. The garbage-collect timer defines the interval from when the metric of a route becomes 16 to when it is deleted from the routing table. During the Garbage-Collect timer length, RIP advertises the route with the routing metric set to 16. If no routing update is announced for that route after the Garbage-Collect timer expires, the route will be deleted from the routing table. Related commands: display rip. # Set the values of the Period Update timer and the Timeout timer of RIP to 10 seconds and 30 seconds respectively. System : return to User with Ctrl+Z. [Sysname] rip [Sysname-rip] timers update 10 timeout 30 traffic-share-across-interface traffic-share-across-interface undo traffic-share-across-interface 3-19