Country-Wide Deployment of IoT Operator s Commercial LPWA Network for License Band Service in Korea, and Implications on Standards Update 2018.10.24 ETRI, Jae-Young Ahn/ in collaboration with AMOSense/ AMOTECH co.ltd.
LPWA Options Ref.(oneM2M, Boost LPWA revenue through onem2m, Chris Meering, Omar Elloumi) Deployment Cellular LPWA Options Using Licensed Spectrum Cat-NB1 Also known as Narrowb and Internet of Things ( NB-IoT) LTE in-band or gua rd-band. Re-farmed GSM ch annels Standalone deployments Cat-M1 Also known as LTE-M or enhanced Machine Type Communications (emtc) EC-GSM-IoT Extended Coverage GSM-IoT In-Band LTE In-band GSM Europe: 868MHz US: 915MHz Asia: 433MHz Bandwidth 180MHz 1.4MHz 200MHz Various settings: 5 00kHz/250kHz / 15 0kHz/125 khz. Peak Rate Non-Cellular LPWA Options Using Unlicensed Spectrum (examples/market leaders) LoRa SIGFOX Ingenu (Formerly On-Ramp Wireless) Europe: 868MHz US: 915MHz 200kHz 2.4GHz Downlink 10s of kbps 300Kbps 10s of kbps 50kdps - 624kbps Uplink 10s of kbps 375Kbps 10s of kbps 50kdps 100bps 156kbps 1MHz Range Urban 2-5km 3-10km 1-3km Rural 15km 30-50km 5-10km?
low speed data (LPWA) High speed data (LTE IoT) In Commercial Deployment: Ref. (IEEE802 Korea forum workshop, SKT LPWA IoT Service, K..S Han, 2018.6) Completed to install the country-wide coverage of Cat.M1 Installation LTE base station upgrade completed ( 18.2) Network stabilization completed ( 18.3) Voice / handover function are to be updated Cat.M1 coverage & tariff LTE coverage + 10 db level average Covers indoor, underground, near sea cruises Monthly 1,000~ 2,000 KRW, for 5MB~50MB
There are Promising Features of Non-Cellular LPWA Use of free wireless channel => cost effective! Low BW, Low throughput, Low battery consumption also contribute the economy Best for thin traffic application and devices : those are populating! e.g. elderly & emergency service caller(button), tracking, metering, remote alarm..etc. BUT, ISM bands are already crowded too much!
License Band Allocation for IoT To promote the activation of new formats of IoT service & industry Re-allocation of disused frequency bands (e.g. phasor bands) to IoT operation Mostly within 317MHz ~ 328MHz, and 898MHz ~ 940MHz Will be done in the middle of 2019 Can be used for non-cellular LPWA for higher power High power license band LPWA/IoT service operators can be introduced
Sample Case of Cell Planning Planning to deploy LPWA-only (license+ism) IoT operation To cover 85% of population in 2021 Basically 1600~2500 site of base station will be installed Will extend the network along with IoT service diffusion [base stations] [stage1] 41% / 8% [stage2] 68% / 31% [stage3] 75% / 34 % [stage4] 82% / 43% [stage5] 84% / 45%
Handover Issues LPWA has the promising face to win over the long-tail characteristic of IoT market & revenue Combined use of it with high power/ license band service is promising Traffic & revenue Handover between cellular based & non-cellular based IoT/LPWA Break-even point Cellular IoT OPEX/CAPEX LPWA IoT Number of devices/ subscriptions
Handover with Power Control Combined use of LPWA with license / non-license band service gives rise to an interesting issue of power control It seems like to be closer to the optimum for the necessary capacity, but Traffic & revenue Handover between license /ISM band LPWA (non-cellular) with Power control License LPWA IoT Closer to the optimum? Non-license LPWA IoT Number of devices/ subscriptions
LoRa, SigFox, any new? LoRa is dominant in Korea and NO sigfox deployed yet, though sigfox has many promising features such as global service roaming and long battery life LoRa is preferred as it is at least standardized, but sigfox is still in proprietary More advanced network features are expected, as there are TRUST issue in between service provider and network provider BLOCK CHAIN is expected to provide the best solution that enables the service provider (e.g. sigfox) to believe the real usage/tariff report of device and network in network operator side (e.g. LPWA operator)
How we have thought about LPWA It is one of access network: CSP level accommodation (2018.3. onem2m) C S P LoRa Wan onem2m API NB- IoT IoT platform Network servers (LPWA) 2G/ 3G/ LTE LWM2M Protocol LWM2M Application Interface to an access at the gateway : Data model / resource arch. mapping (onem2m TP-2017-0114, Jae-young Ahn) Mca LWM2M IPE CSE1 TS-0014, LwM2M interworking uses provides encapsulates LWM2M Objects e-iot Platform IFpg IFgd e-iot Gateway (onem2m, LWM2M) (LWM2M) e-iot Device e-iot Platform e-iot onem2m Semantically Enabled Content Sharing Resource Mcc/Mcc CoAP e-iot LWM2M TRANSPORT(UDP) uses e-iot Gateway e-iot onem2m CoAP e-iot LWM2M TRANSPORT(UDP) AE CSE2 Mca e-iot Device e-iot LWM2M CoAP TRANSPORT(UDP) cb- 1.0.23.234 5.78910 <CSEBase> onem2m Data modeling nod-e-iotgw1 <node> lcp-location1 <locationpolicy> cnt-locationdata1 cnt-period1 nod-dev1 <node> lcp-location2 <locationpolicy> ae-s01-1.0.23. 2344.10100 <AE> dvi-devinfo1 [deviceinfo] bat-pwer1 [battery] rbo-restart1 [reboot] swr-sw1 [software] mem-ram1 [memory] fwr-firm1 [firmware] dvi-devinfo2 [deviceinfo] bat-pwer2 [battery] rbo-restart2 [reboot] swr-sw2 [software] mem-ram2 [memory] fwr-firm2 [firmware] cnt-locationdata1 cnt-yyy1 cnt-sensordata1 LWM2M Data modeling /3/0/ 3: device object 3/0/9 : battery level /3/0/{9,20,101,102} 3/0/20 : battery state /3/0/4 3/0/4 : reboot /9/0/ 9 : Software management Object 3/0/10 : Memory Free /3/0/{10,21} 3/0/21 : Memory Total /5/0/ 5 : Firmware Update Object /6/0/6 6/0/6 : location Policy /6/0/5700 6 : Location Object /3/0/100 3/0/100 : Reporting period /dev/####/3/0/ 3: device object 3/0/9 : battery level /dev/####/3/0/{9,20,101,102} 3/0/20 : battery state /dev/####/3/0/4 3/0/4 : reboot /dev/####/9/0/ 9 : Software management Object 3/0/10 : Memory Free /dev/####/3/0/{10,21} 3/0/21 : Memory Total /dev/####/5/0/ 5 : Firmware Update Object /dev/####/6/0/6 6/0/6 : location Policy /dev/####/6/0/5700 6 : Location Object /dev/####/3300/0/5700 3300 : generic sesnor /dev/####/3301/0/5700 3301 : Illumination sensor NETWORK(IP) MAC (Ethernet) NETWORK(IP) MAC NETWORK(IP/non-IP) MAC PHY (Wired) PHY (Wired/D-TRS) PHY(LPWA, Wi-SUN, Wired) PHY(LPWA, Wi-SUN, Wired) 23
Implication Non-cellular LPWA Licensed operators will be emerging They need many new technical supplements with standardization They want to join onem2m