Green ICT Workshop EACO Working Group 10 27 29 March 2017 Module 3 Building a Green ICT community Diarmuid Ó Briain 27 March 2017
Learning Objectives By the end of this module you should be able to: Describe the ecological footprint. Describe climate change and the impact that ICT can have. Classify ICT as an enabler to Smart technologies as a key element of the fight back. Recognise Green ICT as an important approach to reducing the effect of ICT on the ecological footprint both in reducing its own impact as well as an enabler within other fields. Differentiate the different elements within the Green ICT approach.
Green ICT Workshop EACO Working Group 10 27 29 March 2017 The Ecological footprint
Ecological Footprint
Earth Overshoot day Humanities choice 28/6/2030 30% 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030
ICT as an enabler Smart Power e-medicine Smart Vehicles e-learning Smart Cities
Green ICT Workshop EACO Working Group 10 27 29 March 2017 Green ICT
Green ICT Environmental sustainable technology and processes Designing, manufacturing, using and disposing Minimal or no impact to environment: 3P s (People, Planet, Profit).
Factors driving Green ICT implementation 1 2 3 Decreased consumables use Decreased electricity use Increased features and functionality for the business Decreased expenses or investments Meeting demands from customers Realise credits or rebates government and/or local utilities.
Green ICT adoption
The greening of ICT Software Data centre design Algorithmic efficiency Virtualisation Product longevity Software & deployment optimisation Power Management Resource allocation Terminal servers Materials recycling Supercomputers Telecommunications & network devices Telecommuting Cloud computing
Product longevity Computer manufacturing process accounts for 70% of the natural resources used in the life cycle of it. The biggest contribution to green ICT is extending the life of the computers used Random Access Memory (RAM) Solid State Drive (SSD).
Data Centre design 2015 Data Centres electricity use: 416.2 Terawwatt (TW) hours 3% of the world s total energy use that year Treble the amount of electricity in the next decade. Energy efficient data centre design means addressing: ICT systems Environmental conditions Air management Cooling systems Electrical systems. better utilisation of the space. Increased performance. Increased efficiency.
Software and deployment optimisation Algorithmic efficiency Virtualisation Software & deployment optimisation Terminal servers Resource allocation
Software - Algorithmic efficiency Algorithmic efficiency affects the computer resources required for any given computing task. Algorithm changes, such as switching from a slow linear search algorithm to a fast hashed or indexed search algorithm can reduce resource usage for a given task from substantial to close to zero.
Software - Resource allocation Routing Algorithms can route data to data centres with: the cheapest energy costs Does not actually reduce the energy costs. that are powered by green energy. Data centres in temperate climates Hemispheres.
Software - Virtualisation Abstraction of computer process of running two or more logical computer systems on one set of physical hardware. Hypervisor Virtual Machines (VM). Application Application Application Application 1 2 3 4 Application Application Application Application 1 2 3 Guest Operating System #1 Guest Operating System #2 Virtual machine #1 Virtual machine #2 Hypervisor - Virtualisation Layer Host Operating System x86 Architecture 4 VM #x
Software - Terminal Servers / Thin clients Low power terminals connect to a central terminal server where the actual computing is carried out 1/8 fraction of the energy of a workstation Terminal server can be located in a data centre with efficient energy consumption. Virtualisation Thin clients Network Internet
Power Management Computer manufacturing process accounts for 70% of the natural resources used in the life cycle of it. The biggest contribution to green ICT is extending the life of the computers used Random Access Memory (RAM) Solid State Drive (SSD).
Power Data Centre Extraordinarily high energy demand. Can improve energy and space efficiency: Storage consolidation Virtualisation. Siting of data centres Temperate climates. Data Centre infrastructure Efficiency (DCiE): DCiE of 1 100% powering the IT equipment DCiE 0.75 75% of the powers the IT equipment.
Data Centre power consumption Statistics Uganda Ireland Population (2017) 36 million 4.5 million Total power consumption 489 MW 24 TW Wind (Tororo Wind Power Station) 20 MW 3 TW Solar 10 MW 1 MW Hydro 800 MW 500 MW National Data Centre consumption (2017) 0 MW 550 MW National Data Centre consumption (2019) 0 MW 1000 MW 1 TW = 1,000,000 MW = 1,000,000,000,000 W
Power Operating Systems Operating Systems have included power management features for some time. Stand-by (suspend to RAM) Monitor low power state Hibernate (suspend to disk) Advanced Configuration & Power Interface (ACPI).
Power Power supplies 7080% efficient with the remaining energy dissipated as heat. EnergyStar vertified PSU as 80%+ efficient. Programme was suspended. 2014 Level VI standards to PSUs from 5 W to 150 W: Requirement in USA from February 10, 2016 Addresses active mode with efficiency is increased by roughly 5% No load. Code of Conduct (CoC) Tier 1 and Tier 2: 2017 Tier 1 Level VI 2018 Tier 2.
Power Display Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Lower power Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Cold-cathode fluorescent bulb Array of Light-Emitting Diodes (LED).
Materials recycling Recycling computing equipment harmful materials: Lead, mercury, and hexavalent chromium Replace equipment that would need to be manufactured Saving further energy and emissions. Re-purposed. Printer cartridges, paper, and batteries may also be recycled. Computer dumping. Privacy concerns.
Cloud computing The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server: Elastic compute Elastic storage. Hardware in Data Centres specialising in mass computing. Addresses Green ICT challenges: Energy usage Resource consumption LE - energy consumption & carbon emissions by 30% SME - energy consumption & carbon emissions by 90%.
Telecommuting Teleconferencing and telepresence technologies: Increased worker satisfaction Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (travel) Increased profit margins (less office costs, heating, light and space). Heat, air conditioning and lighting accounting for 70% of all energy consumed in offices. Many types of jobs, such as sales, consulting, and field service are Hot-desking. Voice over the Internet Protocol (VoIP) phone extension mobility.
Telecom and network device virtualisation Energy consumption of: Compute 9.4% Network 5.3%. Modern networks: Software Defined Networking (SDN) Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV).
Supercomputers Large power requirements. TOP500 Green500 LINPACK Benchmarks Floating Point Operations Per Second (FLOPS) per watt. DGX SATURNV and Piz Daint: NVIDIA s P100 Tesla GPU 9.46 gigaflops per watt 40% on previous NVIDIA Pascal architecture: 16 nanometre FinFET for unprecedented energy efficiency An exponential leap in performance per watt Scale applications across multiple GPUs Chip on Wafer on Substrate (CoWoS) boosts memory bandwidth performance for big data workloads. New Artificial Intelligence (AI) Algorithms.
Class Assignment As a civil servant in the Ugandan Ministry for Agriculture you have been assigned to a group which must develop a paper to explain the concept for the building of a green ICT community between: the ministry the agri-industry the farming community.
Class Assignment Your initial tasks are: Consider the make-up of the group. Who should be in it?, who should chair it? What are the 3 key current contextual issues which the group will need to consider when developing the paper SWOT which the group will need to consider when drafting the paper Prepare a SWOT analysis chart for discussion with the group.
Thank you