AMP ACT 1 INSTALLING PREMISES CABLING SYSTEM Welcome!!! Instructor : Nicholas Yeo
AMP ACT 1 INSTALLING PREMISES CABLING SYSTEM Welcome!!! 2
Standards ISO CENELEC AS/NZS ANSI IEC CSA TIA EIA EN50173 AS/NZS 3080 TIA/EIA-568A ISO/IEC 11801 CSA T 529 AS 3084 TIA/EIA-569 CSA T 530 AS/NZS 3085 TIA/EIA-606 CSA T 529 TIA/EIA-607 CSA T 528 3
Benefits of Standards Compliance Assurance that cabling system will support standards-based applications Future network applications will most likely be developed based on infrastructure standards Simplify administration Reduce Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Accommodate future growth 4
ISO/IEC-11801 Generic cabling for customer premises Standard Approved and released in 1995 Purpose The de-facto standard that all other organizations model their standards after To provide a world standard for the design, installation, and administration of commercial building telecommunications systems. 5
TIA/EIA-568A Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling Standard EIA/TIA-568 - July 1991 TIA/EIA-568A - October 1995 EIA/TIA-568B - 2000 Purpose To enable the planning and installation of a structured cabling system for commercial buildings......specifying a generic telecommunications cabling system that will support a multi-product, multi-vendor environment 6
ISO/IEC-11801 and TIA/EIA-568A Overview Major sections include: Definitions, Acronyms, Abbreviations Horizontal and Backbone Cabling Telecommunications Closets, Equipment Rooms, Building Entrance Facilities Unshielded Twisted Pair, Shielded Twisted Pair and Optical Fiber Cabling and Connecting Hardware Shielding Practices Link Specifications and Testing 7
ISO/IEC-11801 and TIA/EIA-568A Differences Cable Type: ISO allows 120Ω cable and 50/125µm optical fiber Terminology: TIA/EIA-568A Main Cross Connect Intermediate Cross Connect ISO/IEC 11801 Campus Distributor Building Distributor Horizontal Cross Connect/ Telecommunications Closet Floor Distributor Entrance Facility Interbuilding Backbone Building Entrance Facility Campus Backbone Intrabuilding Backbone Building Backbone 8
TIA/EIA-569A Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces Purpose Sections Standardize specific design and construction practices within and between buildings which are in support of telecommunications media and equipment Horizontal Pathways Backbone Pathways Work Area Telecommunications Closet, Equipment Room, Entrance Facilities 9
TIA/EIA-606 Administration Standard for the Telecommunications Infrastructure of Commercial Buildings Purpose Sections To provide a uniform administration scheme that is independent of applications and establishes guidelines for owners, end users, manufacturers, consultants, contractors, designers, installers, and facilities administrators involved in the administration of telecommunications infrastructure Administration Concepts Pathway and Space, and Grounding & Bonding Administration Labeling and Color Coding 10
TIA/EIA-607 Commercial Building Grounding and Bonding Requirements for the Telecommunications Industry Purpose Sections To enable the planning, design, and installation of a telecommunications grounding system that supports a multivendor, multi-product environment as well as the grounding practices for various systems Grounding and Bonding Overview Components of the Grounding and Bonding Infrastructure Telecommunications Closet, Equipment Room, and Entrance Facilities 11
Elements/Sub-Systems Work Area Horizontal Cabling Telecommunications Closet Backbone Cabling Equipment Room Entrance Facility Administration 12
Campus Cabling Diagram 13
Campus Cabling Diagram 14
Hierarchical Star Topology MDF/CD Backbone Cabling IDF/BD TC TC TC Horizontal Cabling TC TC TC FD H H H H H H H H H H H H WA WA WA WA WA WA 15
Work Area, Horizontal Cabling, Telecommunications Closet 16
Backbone Cabling, Equipment Room, Entrance Facilities 17
Elements/Sub-Systems - Administration Work Area Horizontal Cabling Telecommunications Closet Backbone Cabling Equipment Room Entrance Facility Administration 18
Twisted Pair Cabling 19
Cable Classification Category 3/Class C - 16 MHz Category 5/Class D - 100 MHz Category 5e/Class D - 100 MHz Category 6/Class E - 250 MHz Category 7/Class F - 600 MHz 20
Twisted Pair Types UTP FTP, SFTP STP, PiMF 21
Crosstalk 22
Near End Crosstalk (NEXT) Transmit Receive Crosstalk measures the amount of signal interference from one pair to another pair NEXT measures crosstalk at the signal source (Near End) 23
Twisted Pair Construction 22/24 AWG PVC, LSZH, FEP 22/26 AWG (PiMF = 23 AWG, 4-pair) 24
Optical Fiber Overview Reflection Refraction Refractive Index Core/Cladding Numerical Aperture Modes Wavelength 25
Advantages of Fiber Optics Large Bandwidth Low Attenuation No Crosstalk No Radio Freq. or Electromagnetic Emissions No RFI or EMI susceptibility No Ground Loops Safety, no Shock or Spark Hazards High Future Upgrade Capability No EMP susceptibility 26
Reflection vs. Refraction Refraction Source Reflection 27
Refractive Index N2 N1 N = Speed of Light (Vacuum) Speed of Light (Medium) 28
Internal Reflection in a Fiber Cladding = n 1 80.6 80.6 n = 1.46 1 n = 1.48 2 n = 1.46 1 b = sin C -1 1.46 1.48 = 80.6 Core = n 2 29
Cladding Core/Cladding Cladding Glass Tube Core Glass Rod Core Heat Heat Fiber 30
CROSS SECTION OF A TYPICAL FIBER Core Cladding 125 um Coating 250 um, 400 um or 900 um 31
Numerical Aperture and Modes Low Order Modes Axial Mode Acceptance Cone High Order Modes 32
Wavelength ATTENUATION 850 1300/1310 1550 WAVELENGTH 33
Optical Fiber Review Reflection Refraction Refractive Index Core/Cladding Numerical Aperture Modes Wavelength 34
Optical Fiber Types Multi-mode accepts many modes of light supports 850 and 1300 nanometer wavelengths Singlemode accepts only one mode of light - the axial mode supports 1310 and 1550 nanometer wavelengths 35
Optical Fiber Types Multimode Singlemode Graded Index Preform 36
Multi-mode Step Index Dispersion Source Input Pulse Output Pulse 37
Multi-mode Graded Index Dispersion Source Input Pulse Output Pulse 38
Multi-mode Optical Fiber Sizes 62.5/125 50/125 39
Singlemode Fiber Source 125 m Cladding Diameter Input Pulse Output Pulse 8.3 to 10 m Core Diameter 40
FIBER TYPES Multimode step index fiber Low Order Mode High Order Mode Input Pulse Multimode graded index fiber Output Pulse Refractive Index Profile Input Pulse Singlemode step index fiber Output Pulse Refractive Index Profile Input Pulse Only one mode, No mode dispersion Output Pulse Refractive Index Profile 41
Optical Fiber from a preform Preform Muffle furnace Fiber 42
Optical Fiber Components Fiber Coating Protective Buffer Strength Members Outer Jacket 43
CABLE CONSTRUCTION Simplex, Tight Buffer Cable PVC Outer Jacket Kevlar Strength Members Hytrel Buffer Optical Fiber 44
Coatings and Buffers Tight Tube Loose Tube 45
Strength Members and Outer Jackets PVC, LSZH, FEP (Plenum) Kevlar Steel/Fiberglass PE 46
Optical Fiber Cable 47
Cable Construction Interconnect Cables Distribution Cables Pigtail, Patchcords, Intrabuilding Internal equipment connections Patch panels - Wall outlet to desktop User friendly Backbones Cabling Vertical/Horizontal Cabling For cabling behind the wall and patch panels. Less fiber protection at connectorized level. 48
Cable Construction Breakout Cables Backbones - Campus - Zone cabling Vertical Cabling - Horizontal Cabling Fiber very well protected at connectorized level Essentially simplex cables in common jacket Outdoor Cables Long distance Buried - Aerial - Building Entrance Generally no flame rating - limited distance in building Gel filled to eliminate moisture Loose tube for expansion/contraction/movement No fiber protection at connector level 49
Cable Ratings Defined by National Electrical Code. Tested by UL, etc. Cables must meet specific requirements for flammability and smoke generation. OFN : General use, less than 50 OFNR : Riser rated, Can be used in vertical passages. OFNP : Plenum rated, Can be installed in air plenums without conduit. LSZH : Low Smoke, Zero halogen, No specific flame requirements 50
CABLE APPLICATIONS Outside Plant (OSP), Loose Tube Use: All Outside Applications Aerial Gel-filled Ultra-violet Resistant Self-supporting or Lashed Direct Burial (Trenched) Rodent Protected Gel-filled Strong Central Strength Member Burial (Conduit) Gel-filled, Not as Rugged 51
Cabling Media Types Media Type 100Ω/120Ω CAT 3/5/5e/6 UTP 100Ω CAT 7 STP 150Ω STP-A 62.5/125µm Multi-mode Singlemode Fiber 50/125µm Multi-mode Bandwidth up to 16/100/250 MHz up to 600 MHz up to 300 MHz up to 500 MHz-km up to 500 MHz-km + up to 500 MHz-km Connector Type 8-Position IDC 8-Position IDC 4-Position Data Duplex 568SC Duplex 568SC SC-D 52
CONNECTING IT ALL TOGETHER 53
Horizontal Cabling Distance 90 m 6 m 3 m 54
Backbone Cabling Distances HC/FD A MC/CD EP C HC/FD B IC/BD MEDIA A B C UTP voice 800 m/2624ft 500 m/1640ft 300 m/984ft UTP data STP-A Multimode Fiber 90 m/295ft 90 m/295ft 2000 m/6560ft 500 m/1640ft 1500 m/4920ft Singlemode Fiber 3000 m/9840ft 500 m/1640ft 2500 m/8200ft 55
Summary Premises Cabling System ISO and TIA/EIA Standards Elements of Telecommunications Infrastructure Cable/Fiber Types, Categories, Classes and Performance Cable Construction Cable, Connectors and Cabling Distances 56