Agenda. 1. What is the 4G Difference? 2. Spectrum Migration. 3. 4G 700 MHz Technical Issues

3G, 4G, WiMAX, Mobile WiMAX, White Spaces - So What! David Fritz CTO Office National Wireless Accounts November 18, 2009

Agenda 1. What is the 4G Difference? 2. Spectrum Migration 3. 4G 700 MHz Technical Issues

So, What is 4G? Mobile Market Trends Bandwidth Hungry Applications (Real-time, Interactive, High Resolution) Context Awareness & Personalization Social Networking & Content Sharing Immediacy Wireless/Wireline Convergence Technology Requirements Higher data rates & spectral efficiency Improved OFDMA air-interface Reduced latency Flatter IP networks Seamless handover between various wireless technologies Support a range of cell deployment scenarios Next Generation Wireless 100 100 Mbps Mbps speed speed Full Full mobility Any Any network Any Any terminal All-IP All-IP QoS QoS control control High High QoE QoE 4 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

What is 4G? A High Level Standards View More Mobile WiMAX 802.16e-2005 IP Transport OFDM All-IP MIMO WiMAX Enhanced CDMA2000 EV-DO Rev.A IP Transport More Broadband Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB aka EVDO Rev C) OFDM All-IP MIMO HSDPA enh. / HSUPA More Broadband Long Term Evolution (LTE) IP Transport OFDM All-IP MIMO Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDM), IP, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) advanced antennas are vital components of any next-generation technology. 5 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

What Is 4G? OFDMA OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access Guard Band 10 Mbps Data 100 Kbps channel 1 100 Kbps channel 2 100 Kbps channel n 100 Kbps channel 99 100 Kbps channel 100 Saved bandwidth No interference Send large amount of data by using numerous low rate channels in parallel perfect for high peak data rates FDM transmission with narrowband overlapping orthogonal (non interfering) carriers used with new low cost, highly accurate narrowband frequency filters 6 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

What is 4G? MIMO and Beam Forming Intelligent Antenna and Beam Forming Multiple Antennas MIMO = Multiple Input Multiple Output w/o multiple antennas x Mbps 3 miles 5 miles With multiple antennas 1.5x Mbps Concentrated beam to each user can lead to 50% capacity gains. This can be done dynamically based on the users in the cell range. Higher throughput with multiple antennas (different data on each carrier) and/or greater coverage with multiple antennas (same data on each carrier). 7 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

What Is 4G? All IP 1 st Generation AMPS (voice only) 2 nd Generation GSM/CDMA (voice and low speed data) 1-2 T1s ATM/FR Transport 2-4 T1s 4-8 T1s 3 rd Generation xevdo, HSPA, HSPA+, WiMAX (voice and high speed data) LTE or WiMAX Core Network (IP based for Data, Voice and Multimedia Apps) IP/Ethernet Transport 40-80 T1s 4 th Generation LTE or WiMAX Enhanced (voice and broadband data) Greater Backhaul BW Need Greater data speeds to mobiles means greater backhaul needs IP/Ethernet Based Backhaul, IP/MPLS Core, and an IP Based Voice/Data Core IP/MPLS is more efficient due to shared bandwidth vs dedicated bandwidth with ATM/FR. Multiple users with bursty data needs requires a shared solution. Lower Latency faster session setup IMS in the core to support VoIP and blended multi-media applications 8 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

What is 4G? What Download Data Rates Can You Expect? 70 Mbps 60 50 40 30 20 10 FDD 5 MHz Up / 5 MHz Down TDD 10 MHz LTE Advertises 100+ Mbps Need a lot of contiguous spectrum to theoretically achieve 100+ Mbps (20 MHz up + 20 MHz down) Real world likely speeds will be much lower 0 Theory (Peak) Likely Average EVDO Rev 0 7.2 3.0 EVDO Rev A 9.3 3.75 HSPA HSPA+ HSPA+ 2x2 MIMO 14.4 3.6 21.0 3.7 28.8 4.2 LTE 2x2 MIMO 36.7 6.0 LTE 4x2 MIMO 36.7 6.6 WiMAX WiMAX 4x2 2x2 MIMO + BF MIMO 58.0 2.9 61.0 3.1 160 140 120 100 80 60 LTE Downlink Data Rates Rural Carriers Typically Have 5 MHz up and 5 MHz down 100 Mbps is NOT possible with this much spectrum OFDMA (LTE/WiMAX) benefit is much less at lower bandwidths 40 20 0 Theory (Peak) Likely Average 1.4 MHz/ 1.4MHz 8.8 1.6 3 MHz/ 3 MHz 22.1 3.9 5 MHz/ 5MHz 36.7 6.6 10 MHz/ 10 MHz 73.4 12.8 20 MHz/ 20 MHz 150.8 25.8 9 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

What is 4G? LTE and WiMAX Architectures 1X DO RNC PCRF HLR RevA DO RNC PDSN 2G 3G GSM HLR UMTS HSPA+ RNC SGSN PCRF GGSN LTE e PCRF HSS 4G WiMAX PCRF Subscribe r Mgmt WiMAX BS WiMAX Access Controller 10 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

Were is the Tier 3 Market Today? Alcatel-Lucent Estimate on T2/T3 Deployments CDMA ~10% have deployed EVDO Rev A ~40% have deployed EVDO Rev 0 ~50% have deployed 1X GSM/UMTS 0% have deployed HSPA+ ~10% have deployed HSPA ~50% have deployed EDGE Very few have deployed 3G in rural markets ~40% have deployed GPRS For Those With Only 2G Networks It s All About Voice and SMS!! 11 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

Do You Have Spectrum for 3G or 4G? Frequency Band 700MHz GSM CDMA (Rev0/A) W-CDMA (UMTS) LTE 2Q10(Tier 1) WiMAX TBD (unlikely) Lower A Block? 850MHz Cellular X X X TBD 1900MHz PCS X X X TBD 1700MHz/2100MHz AWS X X 2Q10 (Tier 2) 2500 MHz BRS/EBS X LTE at 700 MHz well suited for Rural broadband market once equipment is GA and devices are available 1900 MHz 700 MHz X2 CDMA Rev 0 or UMTS HSPA well suited for voice and broadband data in the rural market NOW 13 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

Who Do I Follow? US Carriers Selecting LTE and WiMAX Verizon Completes Successful LTE 4G Data Calls in Boston and Seattle Aug 14, 2009 Verizon expects to launch its LTE 4G network in up to 30 markets in 2010, covering 100 million people. Full nationwide coverage by 2013. Sprint/Clearwire Introduces WiMAX in 10 New Markets Sep 1, 2009 Clearwire continues to move ahead with WiMAX. The carrier is planning to cover 120 million pops by the end of next year. MetroPCS to Launch LTE in 2010 Sep 3, 2009 MetroPCS is skipping EV-DO and moving straight to LTE. MetroPCS plans to launch LTE technology by end of 2010 to increase capacity and speed AT&T to Deliver 3G Mobile Speed Boost May 27, 2009 Upgrade to HSPA 7.2 already started and planned to complete in 2011. Network will evolve to LTE. LTE trials to begin in 2010 with deployment beginning in 2011. T-Mobile USA Stays on 3G Path Aug 29, 2009 The carrier has built out the lion share of its AWS spectrum and now covers 200 million people. Plan to ride out HSPA+ curve before moving to LTE. US Cellular Accelerates EV-DO, Weighing LTE Trial May 6, 2009 US Cellular will hold off on making any LTE decision for the time being. Leap Wireless Focuses on EV-DO Aug 12, 2009 Company continues to build out its AWS spectrum and now covers 92 million people. Cricket still leading with voice services over data. 14 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

What s Your 10 Year Plan? Current (2010) Year 1-3 Growth (2010-2012) Scenario BRS PCS 700 BRS PCS 700 Add UMTS & WiMAX / GSM Only Handset Phase Out Existing Existing GSM and UMTS Year 4-6 Growth (2013-2015) BRS PCS 700 Add new band for LTE and add HSPA+ Dual Carrier or HSPA+ MIMO Year 7-10 Growth (2016-2019) BRS or PCS 700 Add Additional LTE Bands Broadband Data Driven Add HSPA / HSPA + / WiMAX Existing UMTS & WiMAX Add New LTE Band Coverage / Technology Driven Existing UMTS & LTE Add and New LTE Band Capacity Driven Legend GSM HSPA/HSPA+ LTE WiMAX LTE - TDD 15 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

700 MHz Interference Issues Spectrum is encumbered until June 17, 2009 No transition date set for secondary users (LPTV, TV translators) Provide 120 day notice to vacate Border interference issues (channels 52-69) Canada Vacate Use 2011 Mexico No known date to terminate operations Border Coordination Protection from adjacent band and adjacent market services Mobile to Mobile (Adjacent Band; Same Market) Base to Mobile (Adjacent Band; Same Market) Base to Base (Adjacent Band or Adjacent Co-Channel Markets) 17 May 2009 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

TDD vs. FDD vs. Broadcast Services Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Example TDD (WiMax) Deployment vs. FDD (LTE) Deployment Scenario 1: Interference from Lower 700 A-Block FDD Base Station (BS) Transmitter (Tx) to Lower 700 A-Block TDD BS Receiver (Rx) WiMAX Base station at 300 AGL listening while adjacent market 250 LTE transmits at 200 watts ERP Scenario 2: Interference from Lower B-Block FDD User Equipment (UE) Transmitter (Tx) to Lower A-Block TDD User Equipment (UE) Receiver ( Rx). LTE handset broadcasting next to WiMax handset listening 18 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

Lower A-Block Broadcast Channel 51 Issue FCC TV/DTV interference protection criteria 698 MHz CH 51 A Minimum protection of -23 db D/U at the station s equivalent Grade B contour Deployments shall keep a minimum distance of 145 kilometers (90 miles) from adjacent DTV stations (when using mobiles) Fixed PTP or PTMP stations shall keep a minimum distance of 96.5 kilometers (60 miles) and meet the separation criteria of Table E of 90.309 19 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

700 MHz Interference Issues (Channel 51 Cont.) Lower 700 MHz A-Block Winners vs. Post-Transition DTV Table of Allotments 20 May 2009 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

LTE Terminal Availability Issues 3GPP Device Band Plan Ones Applicable to US Band 13 700 MHz Upper C [Driven By Verizon] Band 17 700 MHz Lower B/C [Driven By AT&T] Band 12 700 MHz Lower A/B/C [No One Driving] Band 4 AWS Bands [Driven By MetroPCS & AT&T?) Rural Carriers have 850, 1900, AWS and 700 Lower A/B/C Initial data cards from established vendors is focused on Band 13, followed by Band 4 and 17; high end voice/data handsets will follow 6-12 months after data cards No known devices for Band 12 yet (due to interference issues of lower A) When do these devices become affordable? Exclusivity deals? UMTS Data Cards Are $60-$100 today (7.2 Mbps) LTE Data Cards Could Be $300+ in 2H2010 (Likely Band 13 Only) 21 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009

Band 12 700 MHz Lower A/B/C Issue No Tier 1 Driving Ecosystem Cox, Cell South, & USCOC Largest Potential Drivers No 3GPP Specifications for Band 12 UE Defined Yet Device Availability once Specifications Defined (Aggressive assuming an ordered volume) Data card -12 months Handset 18 months Finding Vendors to Produce Band 12 UE Larsen & Toubro Infotech Ltd. (India)? Bandrich? Regulatory Efforts Underway Cell South 9/39/2009 - Filed FCC Comments Under Fostering Innovation and Investment in the Wireless Communications Market & A National Broadband Plan for Our Future Dockets. Rural Operators 9/30/2009 - Petition for Rule Making Regarding Need for 700 MHz Mobile Equipment to be Capable of Operating on All Paired Commercial 700 MHz Frequency Blocks. RCA wants to hire a consultant that can help define the UE specifications, which can then be submitted to the 3GPP for approval. 22 2009 RICA-RTG Fall Forum November 2009 Copyright 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. 2009