WAMS Analytics for Electrical Transmission Systems Prof. S A Soman Indian Institute of Technology Bombay August 7, 2013 1 of 17
Agenda Synchrophasor analytics architecture List of WAMS analytics to be developed Development Plan Test Environment 2 of 17
PMU analytics Line Parameter Estimation Online Vulnerability analysis Linear State Estimation CT/CVT Calibration Supervised Zone-3 Distance Protection Control Schemes for Improving System Security 3 of 17
Control Schemes to improve System Security PMUs PDC Historian State Estimator Frequency Instability Detector OOS Detector Predictor Voltage Instability Detector Predictor AGC Simulator Directly to Islanding Control Action Control Actions Adaptive or Pre defined Islanding, Generator, Load Balancing Network Control Actions (FACTS, HVDCs) Islanding in Extreme Cases Generator Control Actions Relay Vulnerability Analyser * Online Power System Oscillation Mode Identifier ζ, ω Event Based or Periodic DSA Trigger Trigger DSA Module * Automatic Preventive Action Manual Preventive Action Load Control Actions 4 of 17
Overall PMU Analytics interlinkage Block/Unblock Signal to Relays Various Control Signals to Stabilize System Linear State Estimator Zone 3 Back Up Control Schemes for Improving System Security PDC Network Database Relay Settings Logs Client Interaction Services Historian Broadcast Receive Result Result CT/CVT Calibrator Line Parameter Estimator Relay Vulnerability Detector DSA Trigger Trigger Signal to DSA Module 5 of 17
Analytics & User Interface requirement Module Mode UI Requirement Line Parameter Estimation Offline Nominal Vulnerability Analysis of Distance Relays Linear State Estimator Online Real Time Visualize swing and relay setting on R-X plane 1. Substation drawing editing tool along with CB status display. List of physical and electrical buses. 2. SLD visualization cum editing tool. 3. Visualization of observable network. 4. Visualization of state estimation results like voltages angles, line flows (MW, MVAR), phasor currents etc. Supervised operation of Zone-3 relays Real Time Customized plot of residuals or differential currents CT/CVT calibration Offline Nominal Control schemes for improving system security Real Time Low 6 of 17
Analytics Development Process flow diagram Analytics SRS R&D Prototype Prototype Testing Virtual Testing Environment Historian RTDS Full Scale Implementation Field Testing Deployment at RLDC/NLDC 7 of 17
Virtual Test Environment Block Diagram EMTP PMU model PMU Simulator Multiple LF Transient Stability Random and Systematic Errors CSV or Comtrade PMU Simulator PMU Simulator Network and Network Simulator IPDC or Developmental PDC To Analytics Off line Data Base PMU Simulator 8 of 17
ipdc Suite ipdc - IIT Bombay PDC ipdc suite is a combination of three separate components PMU Simulator - To simulate a PMU ipdc - An actual PDC DBserver - Database server to store the phasor measurement data Built on Open Source platform and released under GPL Being used in Academcis and Industry 9 of 17
ipdc Suite Compliant with IEEE C37.118-2005 Standards - Work going on to make it compliant with 2011 version Facility for local and remote archival of phasor measurement data Support for both TCP and UDP communication Diagnostic faclitity to check network latency GUI to setup PMU Simulator and ipdc 10 of 17
WAMS testing through ipdc Suite 11 of 17
Common Facilities for Development of Analytics 1. Virtual Test Environment / Simulated Environment to achieve the following objectives 1.1 Collect the data representing NEW Grid 1.2 Define/Configure Scenarios 1.3 Generate measurements through Simulations using LFA, TSA, EMTP etc. 1.4 Play the above results through PMU simulator 1.5 Pass the frames generated to PGCIL provided PDC or ipdc 12 of 17
Common Facilities for Development of Analytics 2. Network Data Repository 2.1 A common data repository containing actual PMU data (historical) that captures various operating conditions and abnormalities 2.2 The data goes through a validation check. 3. PDC & Historian Interface 3.1 An Interface module will be developed that will be able to communicate both with either the Historian or the PDC 3.2 Any future changes of PDC interface protocol will be handled by this module 3.3 The historian interface will be based on COMTRADE/ CSV format 13 of 17
Software Development stages (1) Systems requirement studies & documentation All technical,functional & non-functional aspects to be captured All fine points to be addressed SRS document to be the guiding document for each analytic module User Interface Conceptualization To produce intuitive UI for the various modules Approach is to keep simple look and feel Seek active participation from PowerGrid Engineers during this stage Research & Development Detailed modeling and study of each analytics Freezing of algorithms Rigorous testing and validation for correctness of the approaches 14 of 17
Software Development stages (2) Algorithm PoC PoC will be done through rapid development through Matlab, Octave, Python & C/C++ code Simulation of real-world network to be done using EMTP, LFA & TSA. If required, RTDS simulation will also be considered Software Implementation/Integration This stage comprises of integration of various individual modules/subsystems with the live streaming data through Master PDC Addressing all the issues pertaining to smooth functioning of the entire system 15 of 17
Software Development stages (3) Field Testing This stage will comprise of running & verifying coverage of all real world scenarios Testing on a 10 PMU test system after engine implementation. Following aspects will be tested Latency Computation time Correctness. Results obtained will be validated with offline computation Robustness. Analytics should work without disruption and handle communication failure Successful implementation & testing at all RLDC and NLDC 16 of 17
17 of 17 Thank You