Exercise 2 : Complete each sentence or statement. 1. data consists of numbers that might be used in arithmetic operations. 2. data is composed of letters, symbols, and numerals that will not be used in arithmetic operations. 3. To work with sounds and pictures, a computer must colors, notes, and instrument sounds into 1s and 0s. 4. MB is the abbreviation for 5. The ALU stands for 6. The microprocessor is a timing device that sets the pace for executing instructions. 7. is special high-speed memory that allows a microprocessor to access data more rapidly than from memory located elsewhere on the motherboard. 8. In RAM, microscopic electronic parts called hold the bits that represent data. 9. RAM is, which means that it requires electrical power to hold data. 10. A storage is the disk, CD, tape, paper, or other substance that contains data. 11. A storage is the mechanical apparatus that records and retrieves data from a storage medium. Figure 2-14 12. In Figure 2-14, the dark spots on the CD surface are called 13. In Figure 2-14, the lighter, non-pitted surface areas of the CD are called 14. A(n) disk is a round piece of flexible mylar plastic covered with a thin layer of magnetic oxide and sealed inside a protective casing.
15. A tape is a copy of the data on a hard disk, which is stored on magnetic tape and used to restore lost data. 16. refers to the process of moving data off a primary storage device when that data is not accessed frequently. 17. Within a computer, data travels from one component to another over circuits called a data 18. The segment of the data bus that extends between RAM and peripheral devices is called the bus. 19. A(n) slot is a long, narrow socket on the motherboard into which you can plug an expansion card. 20. A(n) card is a small circuit board that provides a computer with the ability to control a storage device, an input device, or an output device. 21. A(n) module contains any data that is necessary for a task, but not supplied by the user. 22. Computer write the instructions for the computer programs and support modules that become the components of a computer software product. 23. Computer languages help programmers produce code, which defines the software environment in every detail. 24. A(n) converts one instruction at a time while the program is running. 25. The method of using an interpreter to convert high-level instructions into machine language is more common with Web-based programs called 26. A(n) user interface provides a way to point and click a mouse to select menu options and manipulate graphical objects that are displayed on the screen. 27. Many operating systems provide helpful tools called that you can use to control and customize your computer equipment and work environment. 28. A(n) operating system expects to deal with one set of input devices those that can be controlled by one user at a time. 29. A(n) operating system is designed to deal with input, output, and processing requests from many users. 30. DOS stands for
31. A(n) checker reads through your document and points out incomplete sentences, run-on sentences, and verbs that don't agree with nouns. 32. A document looks more formal if it is fully, rather than if it has an uneven or ragged right margin. 33. Page refers to the physical position of each element on a page. 34. A mail automatically creates personalized letters by combining the information in a mailing list with a form letter. pictures. 35. A(n) is a grid-like structure that can hold text or 36. You use spreadsheet software to create an on-screen 37. Video software provides a set of tools for transferring video footage from a camcorder to a computer, clipping out unwanted footage, assembling video segments in any sequence, and adding special visual effects. in chess. 38. games, such as Age of Empires, have their roots 39. is designed to help several people collaborate on a single project using network or Internet connections. 40. Some operating systems provide a(n) routine that deletes a software application's files from various directories on your computer's hard disk. Matching Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or definition. a. digital e. Level 1 cache b. analog f. Level 2 cache c. ASCII g. RAM d. Unicode h. volatile 41. Uses 16 bits and provides codes for 65,000 characters 42. High-speed memory located on a separate chip from the processor 43. Type of device that works with discrete data or digits
44. Requires only seven bits for each character 45. A temporary holding area for data, application program instructions, and the operating system 46. Built into a processor chip 47. Requiring electrical power to hold data 48. Type of device that works with continuous data Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or definition. a. shareware e. machine language b. freeware f. high-level language c. support module g. compiler d. data module h. interpreter user 49. Marketed under a "try before you buy" policy 50. Contains any data that is necessary for a task but that is not supplied by the 51. C++, Java, and COBOL are examples 52. Converts one instruction at a time while the program is running 53. Translates all of a program's instructions as a single batch 54. Copyrighted software that is available at no cost 55. Provides an auxiliary set of instructions that can be used in conjunction with the main software program 56. Hardwired within a microprocessor's circuits Short Answer 57. What does a motherboard do? 58. What are benchmarks? 59. What is cache? 60. What is the function of the ROM BIOS? 61. Give some examples of storage devices.
62. What is a read-write head? 63. What can you do if you run out of drive bays? 64. What is a head crash? 65. What is phase change technology? 66. What is an expansion port? 67. What does software consist of? 68. Provide an example of a data module. environment. 69. Provide four examples of the properties of an element in a software 70. Briefly describe how an interpreter works. 71. Provide four examples of resources, in the context of a computer system. 72. What is document production software? 73. What are the three most popular types of document production software? 74. Why are readability formulas used? 75. What is frame-oriented software? 76. What is a copyright? Essay 77. Can you upgrade your computer's microprocessor with a faster one? Provide two reasons for your argument. 78. What is the difference between a CRT and an LCD? proofread. 79. Give two reasons why a spelling checker cannot substitute for a thorough 80. What is the difference between vertical market software and horizontal market software? Provide at least one example of each kind of software.