The Internet and the World Wide Web
Discussion What is the internet? What do you use the internet for?
History Advanced Research Projects Agency created ARPANET in the late 1960s. 1970s more universities were being connected and standards were being established for data transmission. By 1984 there were >1000 host computers connected to the internet. (today there are over 350 million hosts) 1986 NSF connected its 5 supercomputers to the Arpanet, forming the Internet. 1989 the World Wide Web was introduced to aid communications for scientists working at CERN. 1990s millions of people are beginning to connect to the Internet. 1995 NSFnet returned to a research network.
Connecting to the Internet Individual connects to the internet through an ISP (Internet Service Provider) dial-up (slow, but inexpensive) broadband (faster) DSL cable wireless OSP (Online Service Provider) is an ISP with special features/services.
How Data Travels the Internet 1. Initiate an action to request data 2. modem transfers the digital signals to cable or telephone line 3. digital signal travels to a central system 4. request arrives at the ISP 5. ISP routes request over Internet backbone 6. server retrieves the requested info and sends it back
Internet Addresses An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies a computer or other device connected to the internet. The IP address usually consists of four groups of numbers separated by a dot. The domain name is the text version of an IP address
What is the World Wide Web (WWW)? A worldwide collection of electronic documents Also called the Web Each document is called a Web page Can contain text, graphics, sound, video, and links to other Web pages A Web site is a collection of related Web pages
Discuss Types of Web pages Portal News Informational Business/Marketing Advocacy Personal Education Entertainment Blog Wiki
Evaluating a website Use a search engine to find out who the CEO of Yahoo is. http://english.people.com.cn/200104 /18/eng20010418_67996.html http://money.cnn.com/2007/06/18/n ews/companies/yahoo_semel/
Web Browsers A web browser is a program that is used to look up information and URL addresses on the Internet. These are programs such as Netscape and Microsoft Internet Explorer. Netscape Microsoft Internet Explorer
URLs A URL or Universal Resource Locator is an address for finding information on the web. It is similar to a telephone number or mailing address. Example: http://www.nasa.gov http:// Hypertext Transfer Protocol Protocol interpretation www On the World Wide Web Format information nasa National Aeronautics Name of organization Space Administration gov Government site Domain of organization Other sites may have edu, com, or org at the end of the URL. edu educational site com org commercial site nonprofit organization
Let s Exercise Change your browser s home page
Search Engines A search engine is a program that allows you to search specific topics. Search engines and guides are used to find information when a URL address is not known. Yahoo, Excite, and WebCrawler are some common search engines used on the Internet.
Another Exercise Do the Scavenger Hunt
HTML or hypertext markup language is the means by which documents are created. These documents can have text, sounds, graphics, animation, and links to a vast database of information. HTML NBC s web page HTML code NBC s web page
E-Mail E-mail or electronic mail is used to send messages to anyone, anywhere in the world. An address, much like a URL, finds a person s mail box location. Screen of an e-mail message Common uses: To say hello Business transactions Business communications Interoffice messaging Sending resumes
Graphics Animation Video Audio MP3 streaming radio podcast Multimedia
Plug-ins extend the capabilities of a browser
Web Publishing 1. plan the web site 2. design the web site 3. create it (we will use NVU later in the semester to do this) 4. publish the web site 5. maintain the web site
E-commerce Discussion Business to Business (B2B) Business to Consumer (B2C) Consumer to Consumer (C2C) What are the advantages and disadvantages of E-commerce?
Terminology Upload- your computer to server Download server to your computer File Transfer Protocol standard for publishing and viewing web pages. Intranet - name used to refer to a network within a single organization Internet - name used for network connecting other unrelated networks World Wide Web - the part of the internet with websites Server computer that manages the network resources Client access contents of the server
After today s class, you will be able to: Discuss the history of the Internet Explain how to access and connect to the Internet Analyze an IP address Identify the components of a Web address Explain the purpose of a Web browser Search for information on the Web Describe the types of Web sites Recognize how Web pages use graphics, animation, audio, video, virtual reality, and plug-ins Explain how e-mail, FTP, newsgroups and message boards, mailing lists, chat rooms, and instant messaging work