An Oracle White Paper April 2010 Oracle Virtualization Technologies and the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller
Introduction...2 Challenges...2 Introduction to Virtualization...2 Benefits of Server Virtualization...3 Purpose and Intended Audience...3 Current SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller Environment...3 Benefits of the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller...4 SAP Deployments Before Virtualization and the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller...4 Oracle Solaris Containers...5 Benefits of Oracle Solaris Containers...6 Oracle Solaris Zettabyte File System...7 Benefits of Oracle Solaris ZFS...7 Virtualized SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller Landscape Implemented with Oracle Solaris Containers...8 SAP Adaptive Computing Compliance Testing and the Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage System...9 Prerequisites for Servers...9 Setting up the Environment with NFS...13 Setting up the Environment with Oracle Solaris ZFS...13 Prerequisites for SAP Services...15 Install SAP Services...15 Prepare Physical Servers for SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller Management...15 Set Up the IT Landscape for the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller...16 Configuring the Java Engine and the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller...16 ACC Tuning...17 Conclusions...17 Oracle and SAP Support...17 Resources...19 About the Author...19 1
Introduction Implementing SAP landscapes using Oracle virtualization technologies can help IT organizations reduce costs, respond to green computing initiatives, and improve service levels. For example, the Oracle Solaris operating system (OS) includes support for Oracle Solaris Containers. Oracle Solaris Containers enable multiple applications including SAP product components such as SAP R/3 Enterprise applications, application server, and database servers to each run securely on a single virtual system, potentially improving IT efficiencies and reducing costs. The SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller manages all of the SAP instances across containers within a predefined SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller pool. The combination of the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller and Oracle Solaris Containers allows IT administrators to quickly respond to increasing demand by moving SAP applications to a more powerful server, and to flexibly utilize excess capacity from otherwise idle servers. Challenges Many IT executives face the challenges of rising energy costs, an overcrowded datacenter, and increasingly demanding service levels. The price of energy, like the amount of energy consumed per server, storage device, or router, is inexorably rising, while pressure builds on companies to reduce their carbon footprint. Many companies are burdened by the cost of basic system administration, with 10% to 40% server utilization in a sprawling datacenter leaving a burdensome legacy from the days of one application per server. Meanwhile, worldwide operations and the pressures of global competition ensure that outages of even non-core server applications impact productivity. Most large companies are exploring every avenue to cut the cost of IT power, cooling, and administration, while striving to increase service availability and provide 24 x 7 business continuity. Introduction to Virtualization The rapidly maturing computing technology known as server virtualization addresses the need for server consolidation, increased business agility, and greater business continuity. The online reference Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.org) defines virtualization as simulating some effect or condition on a computer. It defines a virtual machine as a software implementation of a machine that executes programs like a real machine. There are many different kinds of virtualization: storage virtualization presents mass storage as a resource without exposing the details of individual devices, while network virtualization provides security isolation and different service levels using common physical networking infrastructure. Server virtualization technology, in its different implementations, provides the means to support multiple computing environments on a single computer. 2
Benefits of Server Virtualization The benefits of server virtualization include consolidation, increased business agility, and greater business continuity. IT organizations can improve efficiencies and reduce costs by maximizing asset utilization. Server virtualization can result in fewer physical servers reducing management, power, and cooling needs. IT staff can then shift their focus to responding rapidly to changing business needs, provisioning services and infrastructure more quickly, and increasing business agility. The improved security and increased application isolation provided by virtualization can also improve business continuity. Purpose and Intended Audience This paper is intended for CIOs, IT department heads, and system administrators with responsibility for large SAP application deployments. It highlights the reasons to consider running SAP applications using Oracle virtualization technologies and the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller. It outlines the required baseline environment and the basic steps to install and tune an SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller landscape in an Oracle Solaris environment, and provides pointers to additional information. Current SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller Environment SAP s multiyear Adaptive Computing initiative is focused on simplifying IT operations while containing IT costs. One major technical goal of the initiative is to enable the movement of individual SAP instances within the IT landscape, or, in SAP parlance, to be able to start any service any time on any server. The SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller, new in SAP NetWeaver PI 7.1, is the central point of control for managing SAP application services and obtaining status information, and allows an administrator to start, stop, and relocate SAP instances. 3
Benefits of the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller The SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller lowers the net cost of hardware and the cost of ongoing operations, reducing TCO. It increases productivity while enhancing flexibility and scalability. SAP claims that turning off unused equipment with the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller can reduce IT energy consumption by up to 30%. 1 The SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller enables IT administrators to manage hardware resources dynamically across predefined pools with identical operating system interfaces and assign resources to applications (Figure 1). This allows IT organizations to respond dynamically to changing business needs without huge new investments in IT resources. Figure 1. SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller on a generic virtualized operating system. SAP Deployments Before Virtualization and the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller Before adopting OS virtualization and the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller, most large IT organizations run a three-tier SAP deployment, with a Web tier, an application tier, and a data tier. 1 Adaptive Computing Virtualization: Key Benefits in a Nutshell. SAP AG Technology Solution Management. Powerpoint Presentation. 2009. 4
Each tier contains one or more systems dedicated to development, test, and production. Within each tier, this segmentation is rigid and unresponsive, with little opportunity for load balancing or other optimization. There is little or no flexibility, substantial waste, and a large number of underutilized servers. The SAP Adaptive Computing initiative, and Oracle s Solaris operating system virtualization efforts, are aimed at simplifying each level of this environment, enabling flexible and robust IT operations while reducing TCO. Oracle Solaris Containers Oracle provides a variety of server virtualization technologies, in addition to support for desktop, storage, and network virtualization. Oracle Solaris Containers, Oracle s implementation of a virtualized operating system, are part of Oracle s broad suite of virtualization products, as illustrated in Figure 2. Figure 2. Oracle s portfolio of server virtualization technologies, as well as supported VM technologies from other vendors. Hard partitions are a hardware or firmware capability that divides the resources of a computer system physically so that a single system can host multiple independent operating system instances. Hard partitions appeared in the open systems world as dynamic system domains in the mid-1990s. Hard partitions have low operating overhead, are highly reliable, and provide strong isolation between user application spaces. However, there is a fixed architectural limit on the number of distinct domains that can be supported and on resource granularity, flexibility, and sharing between the hard-wired domains. 5
A virtual machine monitor (VMM), also called a hypervisor, is a type of operating system software that creates virtual machines, each of which has the illusion of owning its own hardware and is capable of running its own separate operating system instance. IBM introduced the first hypervisor, the VM operating system, on its mainframes in the mid-1960s. Current examples of virtual machines are available from VMware, Xen, Microsoft, and Oracle. Oracle offers Oracle VM Server for SPARC for UltraSPARC systems. Hypervisors are either installed on the hardware directly or hosted on top of a conventional operating system. Virtual machines permit fine-grained control of resources, and there is typically no limit to the number of machines that can be supported. The advantage is the ability to run different versions of the operating system, or sometimes, different operating systems, in separate virtual machines on the same system. Virtualized operating systems, including Oracle Solaris Containers, can capture the benefits of hard partitions and virtual machine monitors, without sharing the liabilities of either. Operating system virtualization was first made available in 2005 as part of Oracle Solaris 10. Oracle Solaris Containers subdivide a single operating system image into multiple complete, isolated, and secure environments, or zones, for running applications. The underlying operating system, the Oracle Solaris instance booted by the system hardware, is called the global zone. There is only one global zone per system or hardware partition. The global zone is the default zone for the system, and is used for system wide administrative control. The administrator of the global zone can create one or more non-global zones. Once created, individual non-global zone administrators, with limited privileges, can administer these non-global zones. Each zone has its own zone name, virtual network interfaces, and storage assigned to it. Each zone has a security boundary, which prevents unauthorized interaction with or observation of processes in other zones. Applications in zones cannot typically alter kernel memory. Non-global zones, however, share the same kernel and drivers. Each zone has its own individual directory structure and user management capabilities. Individual zones can be created as either a sparse zone or whole root zone: in a sparse, nonglobal zone the root file system only partially consists of copied packages and files, the remaining files are inherited from the global zone. Benefits of Oracle Solaris Containers Non-global zones enable multiple applications, or multiple instances of the same application, to securely coexist on a single system. Execution environments are transportable from one server partition to another with minimal management overhead, providing great flexibility for provisioning business services across zones. Virtualized operating systems like Oracle Solaris Containers thus enable potential server consolidation savings for IT departments, while providing the capability to maintain or enhance delivered service levels. Applications in Oracle Solaris Containers run at native speed, with little to no overhead: performance benchmarking shows that overhead for Oracle Solaris Containers is 2% or less. Each zone inherits the capabilities of the host Oracle Solaris operating system without sacrificing stability or security, and leverages well-tested drivers and kernel optimizations. 6
Oracle Solaris Zettabyte File System The Oracle Solaris Zettabyte File System (Oracle Solaris ZFS) provides dramatically advanced data management with an innovative approach to data integrity, tremendous performance improvements, and the integration of file system and volume management capabilities. The centerpiece of the Oracle Solaris ZFS architecture is the concept of the virtual storage pool, which decouples the file system from physical storage in the same way that virtual memory abstracts the address space from physical memory, allowing for much more efficient use of the storage devices. In Oracle Solaris ZFS, space is shared dynamically between multiple file systems from a single storage pool, and is parceled out from the pool as file systems request it. As a result, physical storage can be added to or removed from storage pools dynamically, without interrupting services. This provides new levels of flexibility, availability, and performance, as well as unprecedented scalability. Oracle Solaris ZFS is a 128-bit file system, so its theoretical limits are virtually unlimited 2 128 bytes of storage and 2 64 for everything else, such as snapshots, directory entries, devices, etc. Benefits of Oracle Solaris ZFS Benefits and features of Oracle Solaris ZFS include: Data integrity Oracle Solaris ZFS combines proven and cutting edge technologies like copy-on-write and 256-bit check summing, providing extreme reliability to help ensure that the data on the disk is self-consistent at all times. With Oracle Solaris ZFS, data is always written to a new block on disk before changing the pointers to the data and committing the write. And, because the file system is always consistent, timeconsuming recovery procedures like fsck are not required if the system is shut down in an unclean manner. Copy-on-write also allows administrators to perform consistent backups or roll data back to a known point in time. The Oracle Solaris 10 operating system with Oracle Solaris ZFS is the only known operating system designed to provide end-to-end 256-bit check summing for all data. Oracle Solaris ZFS constantly reads and checks data to help ensure it is correct, and if it detects an error in a mirrored pool, the technology can automatically repair the corrupt data. This relentless vigilance on behalf of availability protects against costly and time-consuming data loss (even previously undetectable silent data corruption). Improves performance Oracle Solaris ZFS optimizes and simplifies the code paths from the application to the hardware, producing sustained throughput at near platter speeds. New block allocation algorithms accelerate write operations, and consolidate what would traditionally be many small random writes into a single more efficient sequential operation. Additionally, Oracle Solaris ZFS implements intelligent pre-fetch, performing read ahead (in either direction) for sequential data streaming, and can adapt its read behavior on-the-fly for more complex access patterns. Oracle Solaris ZFS also eliminates bottlenecks 7
and increases the speed of both reads and writes by striping data across all the available storage devices, balancing I/O and maximizing throughput. As you add disks to the storage pool, Oracle Solaris ZFS immediately begins to allocate blocks from those devices, increasing the effective bandwidth as each device is added. System administrators no longer need to be preoccupied monitoring storage devices to see if any of them are causing I/O bottlenecks. Reduces costs Oracle Solaris ZFS can reduce costs by decreasing the time and complexity of administrative tasks, efficiently using resources, and eliminating volume manager licensing. All administration tasks are performed online, resulting in zero downtime for administration. In addition, the technology does not require a separate support contract because it is part of the Oracle Solaris operating system. This can greatly simplify support issues, as there is a single point of contact and only a single maintenance contract for all software layers between the application and storage resources. Simplifies administration Oracle Solaris ZFS combines devices, storage, and file systems structures into a single structure, simplifying file system management and providing a reliable and flexible solution that can help reduce cost, complexity, and risk. Low overhead RAID Oracle Solaris ZFS provides software RAID through RAID-Z. RAID-Z provides RAID-5 capabilities (it stores data and parity on multiple disks) in addition to RAID-0, -1, and -0+1 with minimal overhead. Virtualized SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller Landscape Implemented with Oracle Solaris Containers The SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller is the essential, central point of control for managing application services and monitoring and assigning computer resources in an SAP environment. The SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller empowers administrators to stop, start, and move SAP instances across Oracle Solaris Containers within an SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller pool (Figure 3). Applications running in Oracle Solaris Containers are more secure, have lower overhead, and can be configured more flexibly than is possible using alternative approaches to virtualization. 8
Figure 3. SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller landscape implemented with Oracle Solaris Containers. Instances can be moved within pools onto systems or containers with the same CPU architecture (e.g., SPARC to SPARC, x64 to x64). SAP Adaptive Computing Compliance Testing and the Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage System Vendors test their server and storage solutions running adaptive computing-enabled SAP system landscapes, and the vendor is then issued a Certificate of Conformity by SAP for a particular hardware and software configuration. Certificates have been issued to Oracle for the Sun Fire Server and Sun SPARC Enterprise Server families, with Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage Systems attached. The Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage Systems are simple, flexible, cost-effective, and provide exceptional performance, while scaling from 1 to 288 TB with 1 TB drives. Oracle Solaris DTrace analytics, provided with each storage array, helps protect your data from as many as three software failures, increases efficiencies, and provides real-time analysis of the storage system for capacity planning and to troubleshoot storage and network problems. Prerequisites for Servers For the SAP Adaptive Computing Controller to manage SAP services that run in Oracle Solaris Containers, the following prerequisites must be met. If they are not met, the SAP Adaptive Computing Controller can still monitor SAP services that run in Oracle Solaris Containers, but the SAP Adaptive Computing Controller will not be able to perform management tasks such as Prepare, Unprepare, and Relocate on SAP Services that run in Oracle Solaris Containers. 9
IP Instances from Oracle Solaris 10 8/07, released in September 2007, is required to create an SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller landscape on Oracle Solaris Containers. IP Instances enable separate views of the Internet Protocol stack from each Oracle Solaris Container. Each Oracle Solaris Container must currently have its own dedicated network interface card (NIC) with support for Generic LAN Driver version 3 (GLDv3). IP Instances were developed and tested for use with GLDv3 NICs. An up-to-date list of supported NICs can be found at: http://hub.opensolaris.org/bin/view/project/crossbow/faq -> IP Instances ->Which NICs are known to work with IP Instances? Administrators can also determine if a NIC supports GLDv3 by running the dladm(1m) show link command and looking for links that are not of type legacy. Links with a ce interface can also be used. Virtual NICs can be used to create an SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller landscape beginning with OpenSolaris 2009.07. SAP has not yet certified virtual NICs. More information about network virtualization can be found in the section Virtual NICs (VNICs) at: http://www.opensolaris.org/os/project/crossbow/faq Oracle Solaris Containers are configured using the zonecfg, zoneadm, zlogin, and zonename commands. Swap space can only be set up in the global zone see the SAP installation guide for details and recommendation on swap space requirements. When using zonecfg, each container should be created with exclusive as its ip-type, while pointing net > physical at the relevant dedicated NIC. SAP should be installed using virtual hostnames, so that the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller can readily relocate each SAP service. To set up three network interfaces on NIC e1000g1 for virtual hosts scssid, dbsid, and cisid, for example, add the IP/Hostname pairs in the /etc/host file scssid 192.168.110.201 dbsid 192.168.110.202 c1sid 192.168.110.203 and then add the following: # ifconfig e1000g1:1 plumb # ifconfig e1000g1:1 192.168.110.201 netmask 255.255.255.0 up # ifconfig e1000g1:2 plumb # ifconfig e1000g1:2 192.168.110.202 netmask 255.255.255.0 up 10
# ifconfig e1000g1:3 plumb # ifconfig e1000g1:3 192.168.110.203 netmask 255.255.255.0 up # ifconfig -a e1000g1:1: flags=201000843<up,broadcast,running,multicast,ipv4,cos> mtu 1500 index 2 inet 192.168.110.240 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.168.110.255 e1000g1:2: flags=201000843<up,broadcast,running,multicast,ipv4,cos> mtu 1500 index 2 inet 192.168.110.202 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.168.110.255 e1000g1:3: flags=201000843<up,broadcast,running,multicast,ipv4,cos> mtu 1500 index 2 inet 192.168.110.203 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.168.110.255 A file structure that supports the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller must be created for each SAP service. The examples in Table 1 and Table 2 show an NFS share for SAP Netweaver PI 7.1 EHP on MaxDB, double stack. 2 Additional information relevant to this example can be found in SAP Note 979401 Adaptive Computing with MaxDB/Livecache, available on the SAP support Web site. Note: Mount points that will not relocate with an instance are mounted on all hosts to the same NFS share when the host is prepared. The mount points that will relocate with an instance are assigned their own NFS shares. 2 Netweaver Double Stack is the integration of ABAP and Java platform personalities in one application server. ABAP and Java are the languages for programming the SAP Web Application Server, part of the SAP Netweaver platform for building business applications. 11
Table 1. SAP Central Instance. NFS SHARE ON NFS SERVER MOUNT POINT ON NFS CLIENT RELOCATE WITH INSTANCE SHARED BY ALL INSTANCES OR PRIVATE TO INSTANCE usrsap_<hostname> /usr/sap No Private to <hostname> sapmnt_sparc /sapmnt No Shared sapapmnt<sid> /sapmnt/<sid> Yes Private usrsap<sid> <user>/<sap>/<sid> Yes Private Table 2. MaxDB. NFS SHARE ON NFS SERVER MOUNT POINT ON NFS CLIENT RELOCATE WITH INSTANCE SHARED BY ALL INSTANCES OR PRIVATE TO INSTANCE sapdb_sparc /sapdb No Shared varspoolsql_sparc /var/spool/sql No Shared etcopt_sparc /etc/opt (for file No Shared /etc/opt/sdb) sapdb<sid> /sapdb/<sid> Yes Private NFS, Oracle Solaris ZFS, the Solaris Volume Manager from Oracle Solaris, and Directly Attached Storage are all supported within Oracle Solaris Containers in an SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller landscape. The Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage System was used in the SAP Adaptive Computing Compliance Test to demonstrate flexibility across all four of storage technologies. Guidelines for implementing each storage technology beyond the following brief NFS and Oracle Solaris ZFS examples are provided with the SAP SAPACOSPREP library for the Solaris Platform, available below. 12
Setting up the Environment with NFS To create shares on the Sun Storage 7000 Unified Storage System using the NFS protocol: 1. #Login to the Sun Storage 7000 Unified Sun Storage System from a Web browser https://<hostname or IP address>:215 e.g., https://192.168.110.51:215 2. #Login as root. 3. #Create a new project: click on Shares >Projects > Add. Provide the project name, e.g., SAPACC, and click Apply. 4. #From the list of projects, select the newly created SAPACC entry. 5. #Click General, set User to root, set Group to root, and allow all permissions. 6. #Click Protocols, then set Anonymous user mapping to root. 7. #Click Access, Disable ACL. 8. #Click on the + next to File Systems, and provide the name of the NFS share. 9. #Edit the newly created NFS share, set the quota size, permissions, etc. Click Apply. 10. The newly created NFS share has the path /export/<share name>. Setting up the Environment with Oracle Solaris ZFS Oracle Solaris ZFS is a combined file system and logical volume manager designed by Oracle. Oracle Solaris 10 allows users to use Oracle Solaris ZFS as their primary file system. Detailed information about Oracle Solaris ZFS setup and directives are available in the Oracle Solaris ZFS documentation. Oracle Solaris ZFS is not a native cluster, distributed, or parallel file system and cannot provide concurrent access from multiple hosts, as Oracle Solaris ZFS is a local file system. 3 One Oracle Solaris ZFS Pool, aka ZPool, is the root level dataset, and it can only be imported by one host at one time. The SAP SAPACOSPREP Library for the Solaris Platform will manage Oracle Solaris ZFS at the ZPool level. Scripts zpool_list.sh, zpool_import.sh, and zpool_export.sh are shipped with the SAP SAPACOSPREP library for the Solaris Platform. The scripts should be put under the directory /usr/sap/adaptive. Make sure the paths and scripts are available on the global zone where local zones reside, even if the global zone is not part of Adaptive Computing Controller landscape. SSH without a password for the root user must be enabled from the local to the global zone. To enable the Oracle Solaris ZFS pool in an adaptive computing landscape, the configuration of the adaptive computing managed volumes need to be defined in the file sun_adaptive.conf, located in the directory /usr/sap/adaptive on the SAP Adaptive Computing Controller system. Alternatively, the name of the configuration file can be set in the environment variable CONF_FILE for user <SID>adm, which is used to perform all tasks related to adaptive computing. 3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/zfs 13
Steps for Setting Up Oracle Solaris ZFS in the Global Zone 1. ( Create an Oracle Solaris ZFS pool on one participating Adaptive Computing Controller-enabled server. The Oracle Solaris ZFS pool is the root dataset. 2. ( The Adaptive Computing Controller ZFS storage library manages Oracle Solaris ZFS at the root dataset level. Do not create additional Oracle Solaris ZFS file systems in the pool. The pool itself is an Oracle Solaris ZFS file system. 3. ( Set the mount point of the pool to an absolute path, legacy : # zfs set mountpoint=legacy pool 4. ( Edit the configuration file according to the installation setup. Table 3. An Example Configuration File for ZFS SRID MOUNT POINT LOGICAL GROUP DIRECTORY LOCATION OF ZFS POOL TYPE HOSTNAME OF GLOBAL ZONE HOSTNAME OF LOCAL ZONE dbc11 /oracle/c11 dbc11zpool /dev/dsk ZFS t5140 - dbc11 /oracle/c11 dbc11zpool /dev/dsk ZFS t5440 t5440zone1 dbc11 /oracle/c11 dbc11zpool /dev/dsk ZFS t5440 t5440zone2 More details on the configuration file will be found in the Configuration Guide that ships with the SAP SAPACOSPREP Library for the Solaris Platform. Steps for Setting Up Oracle Solaris ZFS in a Local Zone/Oracle Solaris Container 1. ( Create an Oracle Solaris ZFS pool in the global zone of one participating Adaptive Computing Controller-enabled server. The Oracle Solaris ZFS pool is the root dataset. 2. ( The Adaptive Computing Controller ZFS storage library manages Oracle Solaris ZFS at the root dataset level. Do not create additional Oracle Solaris ZFS file systems in the pool. The pool itself is an Oracle Solaris ZFS file system. 3. ( Set the mount point of the pool to an absolute path legacy. Set the mount point in the global zone: # zfs set mountpoint =legacy pool 14
4. %Add the Oracle Solaris ZFS dataset so that the zone can use it. The Oracle Solaris ZFS pool must be imported and visible to the global zone, before the Oracle Solaris ZFS dataset is added to the local zone. global-zone# zonecfg -z x4500z2 zonecfg:x4500z2> add dataset zonecfg:x4500z2:device> set name=dbora zonecfg:x4500z2:device> end zonecfg:x4500z2:device> exit name=dbora (this specifies the name of the Oracle Solaris ZFS dataset and the name of the ZFS pool) 5. %Reboot the zone. 6. %Within the zone, edit the configuration file according to the installation setup. 7. %Enable ssh without a password for root user from local zone to global zone. Prerequisites for SAP Services Each SAP instance in an SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller landscape must be assigned a unique system number to prevent conflicts. Each instance must also run on a virtual hostname. More information is available in the Enabling SAP Applications Services for ACC chapter of Configuring the Adaptive Computing Controller on the help.sap.com Web site at: http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nwpi71/helpdata/en/e6/11e6bee7784cd79bef3095347b225d/content.htm Install SAP Services When configuring a sparse zone for SAP, create a directory for SAP installation using mkdir /usr/sap in the global zone, setting the mode for the /usr directory to 755. Refer to the relevant SAP Installation Guides for instructions for each application to be installed. Prepare Physical Servers for SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller Management The SAPHOSTAGENT package is automatically installed during installation of SAP NetWeaver PI 7.1. The host agent can also be installed to centrally monitor a host that doesn t have an SAP component, or, more importantly, to upgrade to the latest support package. The host agent is available by searching for SAPHOSTAGENT at:% http://service.sap.com/swdc Download Support Packages and Patches% Search results should resemble the following: SAPHOSTAGENT_24-20003746.SAR 15
Support Package SAP KERNEL 7.11 64-BIT UNICODE Solaris on SPARC 64bit #Database independent SAPHOSTAGENT_24-20003750.SAR Support Package SAP KERNEL 7.11 64-BIT UNICODE Solaris on x64_64 64bit #Database independent Be sure to download HOSTAGENT version 24 or later. Set Up the IT Landscape for the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller To install the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller under the Oracle Solaris operating system: 1. ' Switch to root user. 2. ' The sapsys group must exist. 3. ' sapadm must exist and be a member of the sapsys group. 4. ' The SAPOSCOL directory (e.g., /usr/sap/hostctrl/exe) must exist. 5. ' The directory/usr/sap/tmp must exist, otherwise saposcol will fail to start. 6. Enter /usr/sap/hostctrl/exe, and use the SAPCAR tool to decompress SAPHOSTAGENT.SAR:SAPCAR -xvf SAPHOSTAGENT.SAR 7. ' Install or Upgrade SAPHOSTCONTROL in /usr/sap/hostctrl/exe using the command: saphostexec -install, or saphostexec -upgrade [-force] Oracle Solaris SAPACOSPREP partner libraries are available for both Oracle Solaris SPARC and Oracle Solaris x64 platforms. To obtain the Oracle Solaris SAPACOSPREP partner libraries, please send an email to AdaptiveComputing_ww@Oracle.com. Next, copy the Oracle Solaris SAPACOSPREP libraries (libsapacosprep.so and libsapacosprep_sun.so) to the directory /usr/sap/hostctrl/exe, and set the ownership as follows: # chown sapadm:sapsys libsapacosprep.so # chown sapadm:sapsys libsapacosprep_sun.so 8. ' Finally, copy the SAP related service entries to the /etc/services file on each host in the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller landscape. Configuring the Java Engine and the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller 16
Guides to configuring the Adaptive Computing environment and managing landscapes are in the SAP document Configuring the Adaptive Computing Controller, available at help.sap.com. ACC Tuning The SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller Java engine has small JVM settings by default. Instructions for tuning the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller are in Chapter 3.1 of SAP Note 1285185 SAP NetWeaver AS Java Engine. Conclusions The Oracle Solaris operating system has supported Oracle Solaris Containers for several years, and IP Instances beginning with Oracle Solaris 10 8/07 (September 2007). The SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller is certified for SPARC, UltraSPARC, and x86 platforms running the Oracle Solaris operating system. Oracle Solaris Containers provide the benefits of hard partitions (e.g., performance, security, and stability) and the benefits of virtual machines (flexibility), with virtually no overhead. The Oracle Solaris Zettabyte File System dramatically enhances performance, scalability, reliability, and availability, while easing the burdensome tasks of file system administration. SAP product components can leverage Oracle Solaris Containers, Oracle Solaris ZFS, and the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller to: Readily leverage unused cycles on development and test systems in the Web, applications, and data tiers of a typical three-tier deployment Consolidate and simplify in the face of server sprawl Reduce carbon footprint and the cost of IT power, cooling, and administration The partnership of SAP and Oracle helps enterprises overcome their business and IT challenges. The two companies share a comprehensive engineering vision: innovation, flexibility, and unparallelled stability and scability. The SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller on Oracle Solaris Containers is another major step towards the two companies realizing that vision. Oracle and SAP Support Each of Oracle s Sun Solution Centers has a pool of Global SAP consultants and Sun Solution experts that provides world-class service around the globe to address your unique SAP requirements. Among the many services offered, the SAP Competency at the Sun Solution Centre provides the following services: Architecture design and capacity planning Hardware sizing tools for business partners SAP on Sun solutions Reference architectures 17
SAP Proof of Concepts integration, deployments, upgrades and migrations System scalability test SAP on Sun workshops To find Oracle s Sun Solution Centers, see www.sun.com/solutioncenters/locations/index.jsp. Oracle s Sun Joint Support Center for SAP Applications provides round-the-clock, worldwide support to resolve issues quickly and effectively. The center provides a single source of contact for SAP issues to reduce downtime risk and cost. Oracle offers a complete set of virtualization services across computer, networking and infrastructure components. You can save power, space, and cooling costs, improve service levels, increase utilization, and facilitate provisioning to maximize ROI. Oracle s Sun Professional Services can help you run your datacenter more efficiently recommending the appropriate mix of virtualization technology and IT processes to achieve your goals. Oracle estimates the TCO and ROI benefits that the IT project can achieve and helps you create business value. Oracle helps you optimize your SAP landscape so you can focus on your business. Oracle s Sun solutions for SAP spans the enterprise from browser to datacenter to storage giving users access to SAP anywhere, keeping your business competitive, reducing costs, saving energy, and maximizing ROI. Based on market-tested, industry-leading technology, Oracle s end-to-end solutions for SAP provide a high-performance, robust, open, flexible SAP architecture that leverages virtualization to reduce costs and increase agility. Nobody delivers virtualization throughout the enterprise like Oracle does with proven technologies that dramatically reduce energy costs. 18
Resources Oracle Solaris Containers Oracle Solaris Zettabyte File System Server Virtualization SAP Adaptive Computing http://www.opensolaris.org/os/community/zones/faq http://www.sun.com/software/solaris/ds/zfs.jsp http://wikis.sun.com/display/blueprints/ Demystifying+Enterprise-Class+Server+Virtualization http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/adaptive About the Author Sherry Yu is a Senior Software Engineer at ISV Engineering, Oracle Corporation, Menlo Park, CA. Sherry is responsible for Oracle s Virtualization technology collaborations with SAP. Working closely with the entire SAP Engineering team, Sherry works to align SAP s Business Applications and Oracle s technology through various communities within SAP. She is an active member of the Enterprise Virtualization Community and SAP s Co-Innovation Lab in Palo Alto. Sherry is a Oracle-certified Oracle Solaris Operating Environment System Administrator, Oracle-certified programmer for Java 2, J2EE Application Architect, and has over 8 years of experience with ISVs, providing assistance with Performance Tuning for Oracle Solaris, Java and Oracle 10. 19
Oracle Virtualization Technology and the SAP NetWeaver Adaptive Computing Controller April 2010 Author: Sherry X. Yu Oracle Corporation World Headquarters 500 Oracle Parkway Redwood Shores, CA 94065 U.S.A. Copyright 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is provided for information purposes only and the contents hereof are subject to change without notice. This document is not warranted to be error-free, nor subject to any other warranties or conditions, whether expressed orally or implied in law, including implied warranties and conditions of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. We specifically disclaim any liability with respect to this document and no contractual obligations are formed either directly or indirectly by this document. This document may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without our prior written permission.! Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Worldwide Inquiries: Phone: +1.650.506.7000 Fax: +1.650.506.7200 oracle.com AMD, Opteron, the AMD logo, and the AMD Opteron logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices. Intel and Intel Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark licensed through X/Open Company, Ltd. 0310