of the German docusoap Bauer sucht Frau Anna Müller Performing emotions: A case study on audience reception

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Stockholm University Department of Journalism, Media and Communication Spring term 2012 Supervisor: Mattias Ekman Thesis for the degree of a Master of Media and Communication Studies (M.A.) Anna Müller Performing emotions: A case study on audience reception of the German docusoap Bauer sucht Frau Submitted on the 24 th of May 2012 by Sophie Lehmann

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Narrative analysis To describe the relevant scenes of the docusoap consistently, Burkes s dramatism model (as cited in Riessman 1993: 19) suggesting the following elements to every narrative: What was done (act), where it was done (scene), who did it (agent), how he or she did it (agency), and why (purpose) was used. Additionally it was described which narrator is featured in the chosen scenes. 1) Story Events Category Subcategories Differentiation Description Reference Actions & Happenings Emotional reactions Verbal emotional reaction Act: love confession and marriage proposal Scene: Marcel's stable Agent: farmer Marcel and candidate Katja Agency: Marcel proposes to Katja, she accepts the proposal and both start to cry for joy Purpose: emotions are mediated because of the depiction of the intimate moment between the protagonists and the act of marriage proposal Perspective: scene is presented with an introduction of the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, followed by I narrators of both Marcel and Katja, intradiegetic narrators visual portray of contestants emotional reaction Act: sudden outburst of emotions Scene: barn festival Agent: candidate Rosi Agency: Candidate Rosi starts crying because being separated from her farmer for 5 minutes Purpose: emotionalization arises out of the as inappropriate perceived emotional outburst Perspective: the voiceover is commenting the situation, extradiegetic narrator, as well as I narrator from Rosi s perspective, intradiegetic narrator; additionally dramatising background music season 6 episode 9 minute 45:30 season 6 episode 1 minute 41:33 derivation from norm Act: the farmer is presenting his home Scene: farmer Gerhard s home Agent: farmer Gerhard, candidate Janet Agency: the farmer still lives in his children s room, which is critically received by candidate Janet Purpose: emotion are addressed by the critical perception of candidate Janet but also by the unusual living situation as such Perspective: the scene is commented by the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 2 minute 30:55

Sticky situations faux pas & mishaps Act: farmer gets a present (a gingerbread heart) and accidentally reads chubby (German word: mollig) instead of funny (German word: drollig) Scene: barn festival Agent: Farmer Marcel, candidate Katja Agency: mishap when getting the present Purpose: the faux pas leads to a embarrassing moment which is later perceived as funny by the agents Perspective: scene is presented by the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 1 minute 43:28 Misunderstandings Not funny jokes Arguments Act: featured lack of knowledge about animals food Scene: Johannes stable Agent: famer Johannes and candidate Anja Agency: misunderstanding regarding corn resulting in the fact that the sheep is fed with hen food Purpose: misunderstanding is resulting from the inexperience in farming which is discussed by the protagonists and perceived as weird but funny Perspective: I narrator from Anja s point of view, intradiegetic narrator Act: not funny joke about directions and left and right Scene: farmer Johannes field Agent: famer Johannes, candidate Anja Agency: farmer Johannes tells the not funny joke starting to laugh but candidate Anja just reacts with a humorless Ha ha Purpose: emotions are addressed by the not funny joke as such but also out of the following misunderstanding in directions Perspective: scene is introduced with the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, followed by I narrator from Johannes`s point of view, intradiegetic narrator Act: the contestants are getting into an argument Scene: farmer Gerhars home Agent: famer Gerhard, candidate Barbara Agency: strong disagreement about Gerhard's look and hygiene Purpose: visual and verbal emotional reactions of the contestants are portrayed because of the argument and topic Perspective: scene is introduced with the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, followed by I narrator from Barbara`s point of view, intradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 7 minute 20:00 season 6 episode 6 minute 14:52 season 6 episode 5 minute 20:18

Existents Category Subcategory Differentiation Description Reference Characters Physical appearance Act: candidate s mother describes the applying women as `plump` Scene: farmer Lämmes home Agent: mother Änni Agency: mother Änni honestly explains her opinion about the candidate Purpose: the way Änni comments on the candidate s bodyweight might be perceived as harsh, additionally is the topic of overweight as such emotional Perspective: I narrator from Änni s perspective, monologue to the camera season 6 episode 2 minute 20:31 Viewer s Identification Positive Identification with the contestants Act: emotional confession Scene: Martin's home Agent: farmer Martin Agency: Martin states that he had the best week in his life and starts crying Purpose: the viewer participates in the inner state of contestant Perspective: I narrator from Martin's point of view, intradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 7 minute 21:27 Negative identification with the contestants Act: preparations of dinner Scene: Willy's kitchen Agent: candidate Rosi Agency: the candidate is preparing a 'romantic' dinner consisting of a very ugly plate of sausages in form of hearts Purpose: scene is turned into ridicule because of judgmental commenting and dramatizing background music Perspective: Rosi's point of view, intradiegetic narrator, scene is commented by voiceover, extradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 8 minute 37:30

Settings Natural environment Privacy Act: private and voyeuristic moment Scene: farmer Willis home Agent: farmer Willi and candidate Rosi Agency: candidate Rosi is surprised with a breakfast in bed Purpose: farmer and candidate just woke up in their very ugly pyjamas and the viewers participate in the contestants' privacy Perspective: the scene is introduced by the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, followed by I narrator from Willy and Rosi's points of view, intradiegetic narrators Intimacy Act: intimate moment of kissing Scene: Martin s bedroom Agent: farmer Martin, candidate Jenny Agency: Martin kisses candidate Jenny Purpose: emotions are addressed by the very intimate moments shown very detailed in close up scenes Perspective: the scene is commented by the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, as well as I narrator from Martin s point of view, intradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 4 minute 2:25 season 6 episode 7 minute 40:22 Integration Act: bonding and integration with the family Scene: Lämmes' farm Agent: farmer Lämmes, candidate Moni, mother Änni Agency: candidate Moni leaves the farms after a dramatic farewell with a lot of tears Purpose: emotional situation since the contestants had a great week on the farm and Moni was integrated in the family structure on the farm Perspective: the scene is introduces by the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, followed by I narrators from the protagonists' points of view, intradiegetic narrators season 6 episode 4 minute 19:15

Dating inexperience in dating and relationships violation of dating etiquette sexual connotation Act: inexperience in dating & relationships Scene: Volker's flat Agent: farmer Volker, candidate Verena Agency: candidate Volker wants to massage Verena and therefore tries to open her bra in which he fails Purpose: embarrassing moment since the inexperience is directly revealed Perspective: scene is introduced by the voiceover, narrator, followed by an I narrator from Verena's point of view, intradiegetic narrator Act: candidate hugs farmer too passionate Scene: farmer Gerhard s home Agent: farmer Gerhard, candidate Sigrun Agency: candidate Sigrun is passionately hugging farmer Gerhard when arriving at his farm, which he perceives as too temperamental Purpose: emotionalization arises out of the intimate moment and the different perspectives on the welcoming Perspective: scene is presented with an introduction of the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator; as well as an I narrator from Gerhard s point of view, intradiegetic narrator Act: romantic trip to a bathing lake Scene: bathing lake Agent: farmer Harald, candidate Janet Agency: farmer and candidate are swimming scantily dressed in a bathing lake Purpose: sexual connotation arises out of the farmer's comments Perspective: voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, followed of I narrator from Harald's point of view, intradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 8 minute 41:15 season 6 episode 6 minute 9:23 season 6 episode 5 minute 5:40

2) Discourse Transmission Category Subcategory Explanation Narrative perspectives I Narrator Storylines are presented of one/several I narrators in form of farmers, applying women or other involved protagonists from an intradiegetic point of view Voiceover Host A voiceover is introducing or commenting on presented scenes as an omniscient and extradiegetic narrator A host is summarizing the story in the beginning and end of each episode from an omniscient and extradiegetic point of view Dramaturgy Arc of suspense: fragmentation of storylines The storylines are presented fragmentary and each episodes features storylines of 4 or 5 farmers to increase excitement and build an arc of suspense competitive moments The docusoap features moments of competitive battles since the farmers are allowed to choose two women out of all received letters and further one women who is invited to spend a week on the farm Music Dramatizing background music in strongly noticeable during all episodes and is utilized to underline the presented mood of scene or contestants Manifestation Category Explanation Description Reference Verbal Political incorrectness Act: racist choice of words Scene: farmer Johannes kitchen Agent: farmer Johannes, candidate Anja Agency: candidate Johannes uses the term `nigger` several times, candidate Anja tries to persuade Johannes to not use this term which he does not understand Purpose: embarrassment arises out of the choice of word and the lack of understanding on behalf of farmer Johannes Perspective: the scene is introduces by the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, followed by an I narrator from Anja`s point of view, intradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 6 minute 7:00

Speaking uncompromising truth Act: candidate criticizes farmer because of his eating habits Scene: farmer Willy s kitchen Agent: farmer Willy, candidate Rosi Agency: farmer Willy and candidate Rosi are eating together, Willy munches quite loud and gets criticized for that Purpose: emotional and embarrassing situation since the criticism is formulated in harsh wording Perspective: the scene is commented by the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 3 minute 38:08 Non Verbal Embarrassing silence Act: farmer welcomes candidate on his farm Scene: in front of Lukas home Agent: farmer Lukas, candidate Stina Agency: Lukas and Stina don`t know what to say to each other after welcoming Purpose: moment of embarrassing silence develops Perspective: I narrator from Lukas s point of view, intradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 2 minute 36:12 paralanguage Act: farmer is getting to know one candidate Scene: barn festival Agent: farmer Volker, candidate Verena Agency: Lukas and Verena are spending time alone for the first time Purpose: moment of embarrassment arises because the farmer blushes quite strongly Perspective: the voiceover is commenting on the scene, extradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 1 minute 42:00 Stereotypical representations Profession farmer Act: introduction in the work on a farm Scene: Willy's stable Agent: farmer Willy and candidate Rosi Agency: Willy shows Rosi how to milk a cow by hand and they get one glass of milk Purpose: stereotypical presentation of the work in the farm Perspective: scene is introduced by the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, followed by I narrators of Rosi's and Willy's point of view, intradiegetic narrators season 6 episode 5 minute 2:10 Role allocation Act: candidates are preparing dinner Scene: Willy's kitchen Agent: farmer Willy, candidate Rosi Agency: Rosi wants to prepare dinner and a classical role allocation of women can cook, men can`t cook gets clear Purpose: stereotypical representation of role allocations Perspective: scene is introduced by the voiceover, extradiegetic narrator, followed by I narrator of candidate Rosi, intradiegetic narrator season 6 episode 3 minute 29:17

Rating Figures The rating figures 1 were measured for an advertising relevant target audience from 14 till 49 years (red line in figure 4 and 5), as well as for the whole audience from 3 years on (black line in figure 4 and 5). The horizontal axes refer in both following figures to the ten screened episodes of the season. The vertical axis in the figure 4 represents the percentage of the market share of the program in relation to all people who watched television to the time of broadcasting. In figure 5, the vertical axis refers to the total coverage stated in millions of viewers. The line of 8 million viewers was after the successful season start not exceeded any more during the rest of the season. Figure 4: Market share of the 10 episodes of Bauer sucht Frau (season 7) Figure 5: Total coverage of viewers of the 10 episodes of Bauer sucht Frau (season 7) 1 for both figures see Riedner, Fabian. (2011). Quotencheck. Bauer sucht Frau. Quotenmeter.de [Internet], 20 th of December. Available from: <http://www.quotenmeter.de/cms/?p1=n&p2=53910&p3> [Accessed 15 th of March 2012]

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