GÈANT3 Carbon Footprint 2009 Jørgen Moth, UNI-C. (jorgen.moth@uni-c.dk)
Carbon footprint? the carbon footprint measures the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused directly and indirectly by a person, organization, event or product 2
DANTE, City House, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK 3
GÉANT Network 4
Question: GHG/Year due to GÉANT/DANTE? GÉANT Climate impact 200 kg CO 2 e/year? 200 tonnes CO 2 e/year? 2000 tonnes CO 2 e/year? 20.000 tonnes CO 2 e/year? 200.000 tonnes CO 2 e/year? 2 mio tonnes CO 2 e/year? (Total Europe about 5000 mio tonnes CO2e/year) 5
Answered by GN3/NA5/task5 2000 tonnes CO 2 e in 2009 Corresponding to 200 Danish Citizens 0,00004 % of European total 6
Who are GN3/NA3/task5? GN3: Multi-Gigabit European Research and Education Network and Associated Services NA3: Networking Activity 3 Status and trends Task 5: Study of Environmental impact Partners: HEAnet (Ireland - Mike Norris) NIIF (Hungary - Tamas Maray) PSNC (Poland - Rafal Sowinsky, Robert Pekal, Artur Juszczyk) NORDUnet (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden Lars Fischer, Jørgen Moth) 7
GN3 Budget (Mio EURO) 0,8 181 NA3/task5 GN3 8
How to calculate and report? Use the ISO 14064 standard 9
Which GHG emissions? Scope 1: own emissions standby generators, own cars, own heating,.. Scope 2: indirect emissions imported energy, heating and electricity Scope 3: other indirect emissions e.g. transportation Stemming from the operation of the GÉANT network by DANTE 10
GÉANT/DANTE Baseline audit (GHG Report) Scope 1 emissions Nothing (no own cars; fuel to stand-by generators ignored) Scope 2 emissions Office light, heating & cooling, equipment Datacentres routers, switches, services Backbone - ILAs Scope 3 emissions Transport business, commuting 11
Calculation of Scope 2 GHG emissions A two step procedure is used: 1)Heating and electricity consumption data provided by DANTE (Kudos to Guy Roberts!) 2)Consumption values multiplied by GHG conversion factors retrieved from UK and EU data bases http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/business/reporting/conversion-factors.htm http://lct.jrc.ec.europa.eu/assessment/data 12
Calculation of Scope 3 GHG emissions Business travels and commuting by car, bus, taxi or train: The distances covered are multiplied by the corresponding GHG conversion factors from the UK DEFRA guidelines http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/business/reporting/ onversion-factors.htm Business flights: The emissions are obtained by the ICAO Carbon emission calculator: http://www2.icao.int/en/carbonoffset/pages/default.aspx 13
Office 14
Office step 1: consumptions Office gas/electricity consumption Electricity Gas total power kwh quarter year *2 kwh/y kwh/y kwh/y Office location Network operations centre: 270 sq m 16046 64184 0 64184 DANTE office: 650 sq m + shared area *1 228074 267082 495156 Total 292258 267082 559340 Notes: *1 consumption for the period 1 July 2008 30 June 2009 *2 for quarter Aug Nov 2009 15
Office step 2: conversion to emissions Accounting item Units Supplementary information CO2 factor CH4 factor N2O factor Emission Subtotal (g CO2 (g CO2e (g CO2e (kg CO2e) (tons per kwh) per kwh) per kwh) CO2e) Office kwh/year Office space (m2) City House 650 126-130 Hills Rd, Cambridge + shared area Heating 267082 183,58 0,28 0,11 49135 Electricity 228074 665 151669 NOC 270 Electricity (incl. Heating) 64184 665 42682 243 16
Datacentre 17
Backbone (GÉANT) 18
Datacentre & Backbone step 1: consumptions Country Routers PoPs MCCs ILA 1626LM Datacentre Backbone Watts Watts Watts Watts Watts kwh/year kwh/year AT Austria 3500 2700 1046 900 1284 92330 48101 BE Belgium 1800 1046 600 516 26806 32197 BU Bulgaria 3500 900 65525 0 CH Switzerland 4300 1800 1046 1350 2715 90841 76113 CY Cyprus 0 0 CZ Czech Republic 3500 1800 1046 900 720 78928 39702 DE Germany 4300 1800 1046 4500 2766 90841 123782 DK Denmark 3500 1800 1046 900 720 78928 39702 Ex: (3500+1800)*24*365*1,7/1000 = 78928 19
Datacentre & Backbone step 2: conversion to emissions Data centre power consumption kwh/year (gco2e /kwh) (kg CO2e) AT Austria 92330 308 28438 BE Belgium 26806 400 10722 BU Bulgaria 65525 904 59235 CH Switzerland 90841 86 7812 CY Cyprus 0 0 0 CZ Czech Republic 78928 802 63300 DE Germany 90841 709 64406 DK Denmark 78928 766 60459 20
Datacentres Data centre power consumption kwh/year (gco2e /kwh) (kg CO2e) AT Austria 92330 308 28438 BE Belgium 26806 400 10722 BU Bulgaria 65525 904 59235 CH Switzerland 90841 86 7812 CY Cyprus 0 0 0 CZ Czech Republic 78928 802 63300 DE Germany 90841 709 64406 DK Denmark 78928 766 60459 tonnes CO2 1094 21
Backbone Backbone kwh/year (gco2e /kwh) (kg CO2e) tonnes CO2 AT Austria 48101 308 14815 BE Belgium 32197 400 12879 BU Bulgaria 0 904 0 CH Switzerland 76113 86 6546 CY Cyprus 0 0 0 CZ Czech Republic 39702 802 31841 DE Germany 123782 709 87761 DK Denmark 39702 766 30412 Leased wavelengths 101101 700 70771 582 22
Transportation 23
Transport Transportati on km/year Of this commuting (km/year) CO2 factor (gco2e/km) NH4 factor (gco2e/km) N2O factor (gco2e/km) (kg CO2e) tonnes CO2 Taxi 4096 0 158,35 0,06 1,24 654 Own car (lower medium) 153750 150000 193,71 0,27 1,83 30106 National train 84000 84000 57,74 0,08 3,31 5135 International Train (Eurostar) Flight (95204) 67000 0 17,65 0,01 0,12 1191 959332 0 98,26 0,01 0,97 87317 124 24
GÉANT/DANTE GHG Report GÉANT Climate Accounting Grand Total (tonnes CO2e/year) 2043 25
GN3/NA3/task5 partner audit results 26
GHG abatement by GÉANT and other networks
GN3/NA3/task5 next study Use of networks to reduce GHG emissions Current best practice: teleworking video conferencing electronic documents, e-mails (don t print them!) Estimated to save about 50 mio tonnes CO 2 e per year; at the expense of about 50.000 tonnes CO 2 e per year for networks and desktops/portables/notebooks; An abatement factor of one thousand To be investigated and confirmed!! 28
Other examples and new ideas Please share your ideas and proposals with us! 29
Questions?