FACULTY OF ENGINEERING ECE2056 Data Communications and Networking Lab Experiment DCN1: Network Setup and Study Using Routers Last revised: 20-11- 2015 Revised by: GVT
Learning Outcome: Pre- Requisite: Instructions: Design a basic local area network through the connections of multiple routers. For the tasks given in this experiment, the students must have completed them in the simulator. Otherwise, it would be a waste of time running this experiment, and it may even damage the equipment used. For the following tasks, remember to capture the screenshots of your work, and put them in your report. 1. Topology a) Connect the routers (e.g., AR2200, AR2220, etc.) according to the topology below. 2. Basic Operations a) Connect a PC to any of the routers (suggested to connect to AR1) using a console cable. b) Run a terminal emulation program such as Putty on the PC to create a connection. c) Select a COM port (COM3 or COM4). The following settings should appear by default but if it does not, set the parameters to: 9600 bits per second 8 data bits No parity 1 stop bit 2
No flow control d) Turn on the power switch to start the routers. When the startup process is complete, a command prompt is shown. You are now in User View environment. <Huawei> e) Before the router can be configured, all prior configurations have to be reset or erased from the router s memory. This is done to prevent configuration conflicts. f) To reset the router to the default factory configuration, run the reset saved-configuration command to clear all previous configurations. <Huawei> reset saved-configuration This will delete the configuration in the flash memory. The device configurations will be erased to reconfigure. Are you sure? (y/n) [n]:y Clear the configuration in the device successfully. <Huawei> g) Run the reboot command to restart the devices. <Huawei> reboot Info: The system is comparing the configuration, please wait. Warning: All the configuration will be saved to the next startup configuration. Continue? [y/n]: n System will reboot! Continue? [y/n]: y Info: system is rebooting, please wait h) Once the router has rebooted, run the system-view command to access the System View. Most of the following tasks can only be completed in System View. <Huawei> system-view [Huawei] i) The first thing to do on a router that had been recently erased is to change the device name using the sysname command. [Huawei] sysname AR1 [AR1] j) Repeat steps (a) till (i) for router AR2 and AR3 as in the topology diagram. 3
3. Configure IP Address for an Interface a) Configure an IP address for each interface of the routers, following the assignment shown in the topology above. b) Take an example where the GE 0/0/0 interface of router AR1 is assigned with IP address 10.0.13.1/24. c) Use the command interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0 [AR1] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] d) Then enter the command ip address 10.0.13.1 24. [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip address 1.0.13.1 24 [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] quit [AR1] e) Repeat steps (c) till (d) for all connected interfaces on AR1 (i.e. GE 0/0/1) f) Check the configuration result by running the display currentconfiguration command. [AR1] display current-configuration g) Repeat steps (c) till (f) for AR2 and AR3. 4. Test connectivity between routers a) After completing the configuration, run the ping command to test the connection between any two routers. b) At AR1, try to ping AR2 at the IP address of 10.0.12.2 [AR1] ping 10.0.12.2 PING 10.0.12.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time = 1 ms Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time = 2 ms Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time = 1 ms Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time = 3 ms Reply from 10.0.12.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time = 2 ms --- 10.0.12.2 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 5 packet(s) received 0.00% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 1/2/3 ms c) Is there connectivity between AR1 and AR2? 4
d) Likewise, attempt the following ping tests: AR1 can ping AR2 AR2 can ping AR3 AR3 can ping AR1 Connections Status (Yes/No) e) Now, from AR2, attempt to ping the IP address of 10.0.13.3. The result will show that there is no connectivity. f) Run the display ip routing-table command to view the routing table of AR2. [AR2] display ip routing-table g) You will notice that the routing table of AR2 does not contain the route to network segment 10.0.13.0/24. h) If AR2 needs to communicate with this network segment, the route must be configured on AR2. 5. Configure a static route a) In AR2, configure a static route for network segment 10.0.13.0/24 with the next hop being the IP address of AR3 s GE 0/0/2 interface, by running the command ip route-static 10.0.13.0 24 10.0.23.3 [AR2] ip route-static 10.0.13.0 24 10.0.23.3 b) Check the IP routing table to confirm the presence of this new entry. Show the content of the IP routing table in your report. c) Run the ping test again. Does it get a positive reply? We can trace the route from AR2 to 10.0.13.3 by running the command tracert 10.0.13.3. [AR2] tracert 10.0.13.3 d) Explain the result in your report. 6. Configure a Backup Static Route a) Now suppose the link between AR2 s GE 0/0/2 and AR3 s GE 0/0/2 is broken. In the lab we can disconnect the cable from the router. In the simulator we can go to a particular interface and run the command shutdown (the reverse is undo shutdown). 5
b) Confirm that now AR2 cannot ping 10.0.13.3. c) Check the IP routing table. The static route entry should have now been automatically removed. What is your solution to this problem? d) At AR2, we can configure a backup static route, by running: [AR2] ip route-static 10.0.13.0 24 10.0.12.1 preference 80 It is a backup route because its preference value is larger than the default, which is 60. e) Show the IP routing table in your report. f) At AR3, we need to configure a static route that connects AR3 to the network segment 10.0.12.0/24, by running: [AR3] ip route-static 10.0.12.0 24 10.0.13.1 g) Show the IP routing table in your report. h) After configuring the static route, the backup static route takes effect whenever the default static route becomes unavailable. i) The result is that AR2 can now ping 10.0.13.3 even when the direct link between AR2 and AR3 is broken. We can trace the route from AR2 to 10.0.13.3 by running the command tracert 10.0.13.3. Explain the result in your report. 7. Configure a Default Route a) At AR1, ping 10.0.23.3. [AR1] ping 10.0.23.3 PING 10.0.23.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break --- 10.0.23.3 ping statistics --- 5 packet(s) transmitted 0 packet(s) received 100.00% packet loss b) The result is negative because the route to 10.0.23.3 has not been configured on AR1. 6
c) Configure a default route on AR1 to implement network connectivity, by running: [AR1] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 10.0.13.3 d) Show the IP routing table in your report. e) Now ping again, and report the result. 8. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Configuration a) Before proceeding with this task, remove ALL the static and default entries previously entered in ALL routers, by running the command undo ip route-static all. [AR1] undo ip route-static all [AR2] undo ip route-static all [AR3] undo ip route-static all b) Confirm that now AR2 cannot ping 10.0.13.3, and that AR1 cannot ping 10.0.23.3. c) Now, at each router, enable RIP by running the command rip 1 (here the process ID is arbitrarily selected to be 1), and then advertise the network segment 10.0.0.0 to RIP by running the command network 10.0.0.0. [AR1] rip 1 [AR1-rip-1] network 10.0.0.0 [AR1-rip-1] quit [AR2] rip 1 [AR2-rip-1] network 10.0.0.0 [AR2-rip-1] quit [AR3] rip 1 [AR3-rip-1] network 10.0.0.0 [AR3-rip-1] quit d) Now view the routing tables of all routers to confirm that they have learnt the RIP s routes. e) Test the connectivity between any two IP addresses. For example, ping 10.0.12.2 from AR3. We can trace the route from AR3 to 10.0.12.2 by running the command tracert 10.0.12.2. Show your result and explain it. f) Now break the direct link between AR2 and AR3 by either shutting down one of the interfaces or simply disconnect the cable from the router. 7
g) Run the command tracert 10.0.12.2 again. What are the changes? Explain. 9. Prepare the report a) Compose a report that consists of the observations of the results of each command/task. Briefly discuss your observations using the questions in the lab sheet as a guide. b) Use the template in the following page as the cover page of your report. 8
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING ECE2056 Data Communications and Networking Lab Experiment DCN1: Network Setup and Study Using Routers Student Name: Student ID: Lab Group No.: Degree Major: Declaration of originality: I declare that all sentences, results and data mentioned in this report are from my own work. All work derived from other authors have been listed in the references. I understand that failure to do this is considered plagiarism. I agree that this report will be given 0 marks if any words/photos in this report are copied from others. Student s signature: 9