Profiles and Context Awareness for Mobile Users a Middleware Approach supporting Personal Security. Security of Pervasive Communication, SPC 06 T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH Technologiezentrum ENPS Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will
Outline... or what can you expect from the upcoming 25 minutes?! Paradigm change for new mobility! Device binding; theses & trends! Profiles and its handling! Ontologies; user & interest profiles! Basic middleware approach: Contigo Toolbox! Context awareness! Sample applications! Use of visual codes! Localisation contextualisation individualisation! Middleware approach! Mobile network operator positioning! Permission & Privacy Gateway + Profile Management Engine! Summary and preliminary results Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 1
Paradigm Change. Changed Binding of End User Devices. Multiple dedicated devices Shared & planned usage Stand alone services Multi-functional devices Personal & ad-hoc usage Community services hard binding soft binding Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 2
Paradigm Change. Theses on the New Mobility. Digital signatures Context awareness Wireless broadband Communication and information technology go mobile. Miniaturisation Devices representing their users. Interaction Edutainment Localisation Content creation Users want to be involved. Pull vs. push Multiple roles Life runs faster. Context hopping Contents feed individual requests. Personalisation Common devices Filtering/matching Private meets business. Business flexibility Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 3
Paradigm Change. Challenging Factors about the New Mobility. Technical trends Economical trends "Powerful smart phones (PDA + cellular) "Multiple access technologies (GPRS, UMTS, WLAN, WiMAX) "Multi-media content exchange (speech, textual SMS, still picture/video MMS, Web n Walk) "Ad-hoc device peering (Bluetooth, IrDA) New personal mobility "Context awareness (location, time, current work) "Open mobile communication culture (interruptability) "Publication of very personal issues (BLOGs, VLOGs) Social trends "Cheaper mobile devices "Bundle offers for sale "Decreasing communication costs (flat rates) "High market penetration of mobile services And who cares about SECURITY?? User Network Provider Service Provider?! Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 4
Profiles. User Profile and Semantic Network.! User interests & rejections! are collected by protected user profiles, called Interest Profiles User 1 1..* User Profile 1 1 0..* 0..* Interest Rejection! Domains! are represented a set of concepts Pop! are bundled by sub ontologies! Object characteristics! are collected by Resource Profiles! Matching! discovers similarities between Interest and Resource Profiles Frozen contains Don t cry.. Musical is_genre contains is_genre Gr. Hits 2 Evita OST contains performs performs Madonna Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 5
Profiles. Manually Ontology based Editing.! User profiles are represented by rated ontologies on selected granularity Hierarchical modelling of characteristics Activation and rating per leaf and /or sub tree Selection of value type (binary, discrete, float) Direct numerical input Graphical input by slider Storage of sub profile Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 6
Basic Middleware Approach. Contextual Information to Go (Contigo) Toolbox. Service and User Management Portal XML 3rd Party Services 3rd Application Party Services Services (3rd Party Applications) XML External Systems and Data Bases? API API API API API API API Administration Basic Service Profile BS Matching BS User History BS Annotation BS Tagging & Device BS not yet defined Data Import Filter SQL XML Protected Repository User DB Service DB Accounting DB History DB SQL Protected API Core Profile Management Engine (PME) Protected Profile DB Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 7
Context Awareness. Use of Tags: Example - Visual Codes in Visual Maps.! Multiple sources for tag based identification! RFID! Network IDs (GSM cells, WLAN SSIDs,...)! Visual codes (2D barcodes) 96 bits URL association! Advantages of 2D barcodes Unique identifier for visual maps Photographic recognition Multi-functional with angle rotation Easy printable (magazine, wall paper) Without mystery (pull required) Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 8
Context Awareness. Mobile & Context aware Applications: T-Systems R&D Prototypes. Stand alone ideas! Context Awareness! Product Find & Information Service! Annotation Service! Contact Builder Identification of common modules! Localisation! Mobile Find Service! Mobile Alerting Service! Mobile Coupon Service Modular framework Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 9
Context Awareness. Recombination of Information Sources in Privacy Context. Service Trigger Event Information Sources Personal Area Non Privacy Area Localisation (longitude, latitude) Contextualisation Filtering Matching Individualisation Pseudonymisation Network ID Database Tracing & Prediction Geo Database User Profile Repository User History Service Specific Personal Context Annotation/Rating Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 10
Extended Middleware Approach. Mobile Network Operators in the Context aware Environment.! Complex composition of social, technical and legal facts Pro context awareness Contra context awareness! Mobile network operators as trustable partner of customers! New thinking in daily handling with personal mobility! Individual adjustment according user interests and habits # Configurable, modular services # Personal profiles! Improved infrastructure, services and technical base! Acceptance, security issues, no trust in start ups! Complex and inhomogeneous technical infrastructure! High costs for active localisation; high network dynamics! Subscription handling, bundle bindings! Open legal issues (property rights)! Poor usability of mobile devices (missing service individualisation) Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 11
Extended Middleware Approach. Permission & Privacy Gateway + Profile Management Engine. User Mobile Access Mobile Services Coupon Service Alert Service Ressource Finder Find Services Contact Builder Context Services Permission & Privacy Gateway Privacy & Permission Mgmt. Profile Matching Engine Tracing & Predictor User Profile Repository Common Basic Functions History Service Composition Usage Metering Identity & User Management Location & Context Mapping Profile Management Engine User Fixed Access Location Sources WLAN GSM/UMTS NFC GPS/A-GPS Geo Database Network ID Database Information Sources Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 12
Summary. Preliminary Results. Technology and Services "Context awareness is built upon a protected combination of independently stored profiles, info databases and localisation information. "With mobile devices, supporting multiple access technologies, context awareness becomes more flexible. "Visual codes and maps enable an intuitive user interface for context aware services. User Acceptance and Security "User attractiveness is boosted with personal offers obtained by pull instead of push technology based on individual profiles. "Transient virtual identities for profiles and services protect the user privacy. Profiles and Ontologies "Profiles are considered to be rated ontolgies describing both, user interests and resource offerings. "A positive or negative value indicating preferences and/or objections can be assigned to each node of a user. Business and Success Factors "Location based services become more attractive by extension to context awareness. "Location based and context aware applications need a trusted party to become a business success. "MNOs are in a good position to be accepted as a middleware operator hosting privacy and permission services. Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 13
Many thanks for your attention! Any questions? Contacts: Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will T-Systems Enterprise Services GmbH, Technologiezentrum ENPS, PCT 42 Deutsche-Telekom-Allee 7, D-64295 Darmstadt Telefon: +49 6151/937-4594, +49 6151/937-19604 e-mail: gerald.eichler@t-systems.com, matthias.will@t-systems.com Gerald Eichler, Matthias O. Will Slide 14