4G Americas Analyst Forum October 21, 2015 Westin Stonebrier Hotel, Dallas The Voice of 5G for the Americas Workshop Chris Pearson, 4G Americas Tom Keathley, AT&T Brian Daly, AT&T Anders Svensson, Ericsson Ron Marquardt, Sprint Mark McDiarmid, T-Mobile
The Voice of 5G for the Americas Navigating the Hype Chris Pearson President 4G Americas 4G Americas Analyst Forum October 21, 2015 Westin Stonebrier Hotel, Dallas
4G Americas Board of Governors www.4gamericas.org The Voice of 5G for the Americas MISSION: 4G Americas will advocate for and foster the advancement and full capabilities of LTE mobile broadband technologies, including LTE-Advanced and beyond to 5G, throughout the ecosystem s networks, services, applications and wirelessly connected devices in the Americas.
5G Global Status and Trends Future IMT Vision in ITU-R WP5D ITU-T Focus Group on IMT-2020 Discussions on 5G are active worldwide White papers from many 5G related organizations ITU-R WP5D has published timeline for IMT-2020 3GPP 5G workshop scheduled. Requirements/technical discussion to start in 1Q 2016 5G Initiative Vision2020/ Network 2020 Source: GSC-19_300 (Rev.1) Takehiro Nakamura, NTT DOCOMO, ARIB
Regional Organizations Contributing to 5G
The Evolution of Mobile Broadband Meeting Date 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2025 2030 #21 #22 #23 #24 #25 #26 #27 #28 #29 #30 #31 #32 #33 #34 #35 #36 Jun Feb Jun Feb Jun Oct Oct Jun Oct Feb Jun Oct Estimated 3GPP standardization timeline 3GPP Rel 13 Rel 14 Rel 15 Rel 16 Rel 17 and beyond 5G study items 5G work items 5G evolution Estimated ITU-R standardization process IMT 2020 timeline Technical Performance Requirements Evaluation Criteria Proposals IMT-2020 Evaluation Outcome & Decision IMT-2020 Specifications Estimated 5G commercialization timeline 5G Standardized Commercial launches www.4gamericas.org
5G: Fact or Fiction?
The Evolution of Mobile Broadband Meeting Date 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2025 2030 #21 #22 #23 #24 #25 #26 #27 #28 #29 #30 #31 #32 #33 #34 #35 #36 Jun Feb Jun Feb Jun Oct Oct Jun Oct Feb Jun Oct Estimated 3GPP standardization timeline 3GPP Rel 13 Rel 14 Rel 15 Rel 16 Rel 17 and beyond 5G study items 5G work items 5G evolution Estimated ITU-R standardization process IMT 2020 timeline Technical Performance Requirements Evaluation Criteria Proposals IMT-2020 Evaluation Outcome & Decision IMT-2020 Specifications Estimated 5G commercialization timeline 5G Standardized Commercial launches www.4gamericas.org
5G: Fact or Fiction? 2018: South Korean Winter Olympic Games??
The Evolution of Mobile Broadband Meeting Date 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2025 2030 #21 #22 #23 #24 #25 #26 #27 #28 #29 #30 #31 #32 #33 #34 #35 #36 Jun Feb Jun Feb Jun Oct Oct Jun Oct Feb Jun Oct Estimated 3GPP standardization timeline 3GPP Rel 13 Rel 14 Rel 15 Rel 16 Rel 17 and beyond 5G study items 5G work items 5G evolution Estimated ITU-R standardization process IMT 2020 timeline Technical Performance Requirements Evaluation Criteria Proposals IMT-2020 Evaluation Outcome & Decision IMT-2020 Specifications Estimated 5G commercialization timeline 5G Standardized Commercial launches www.4gamericas.org
5G: Fact or Fiction? 2020: Summer Olympic Games in Japan??
2014-2015 5G-Related Technical Publications www.4gamericas.org
Toward.. 2020 5G and the 5C s 2015 2020 2016 2017 2018 2019 Connect Communicate Collaborate Cooperate Contribute 4G Americas publicizes 5G work and is willing to embrace the 5C s with organizations around the world. www.4gamericas.org
The Voice of 5G for the Americas Orchestrating our Networks for IMT-2020 Tom Keathley, SVP Wireless Network Architecture and Design, AT&T 4G Americas Analyst Forum October 21, 2015 Westin Stonebrier Hotel, Dallas
What is 5G? 5G is an end-to-end ecosystem to enable a fully mobile and connected society. It empowers value creation toward customers and partners, through existing and emerging use cases delivered with consistent experience and enabled by sustainable business models. - NGMN 5G vision
4G LTE Eco-System 4G LTE Eco-System & Projected Mobile Traffic Nine-fold increase global mobile traffic by 2020. 10X growth in global smartphone traffic between 2014 and 2020 Source: Ericsson Mobility Report June 2015
VoLTE, LTE-A and NB-LTE VoLTE Market-by-market deployment strategy More than 30 states, plus D.C. LTE-Advanced Implementing carrier aggregation Select high-density, high-traffic markets Narrow Band LTE Optimized variant of LTE
Achieving 5G Requirements Spectral Efficiency Densification Spectrum SDN/NFV Massive Connectivity Massive MIMO and FD-MIMO concepts are central to the 5G theme. Potentially large capacity and coverage improvement. FD-MIMO work in LTE-advanced is a starting point for developing these concepts for 5G Other spectral 1 8 efficiency improvement through new waveform and overhead reduction Densification via small cell build-out key to RAN evolution. Current small cell solution is not scalable beyond a certain point. Radically new concepts such as separation of control and data plane, new system architecture are key to achieving an ultra-dense network Design system to operate in much larger channel bandwidth. This requires a careful tradeoff between spectral efficiency and power efficiency Operate across new licensing scenarios such a unlicensed, or shared licensed Operation in low frequency and in mmwave A key and central requirement to AT&T as a part of Domain 2.0 efforts. Apart from implementation challenges of SDN/NVF for 5G, we also need to develop the 5G RAT which allows for L1/L2/L3 functionality to be distributed Design the 5G RAT to allow for network slicing down to the physical layer. Lightweight or weightless protocol to support massive connectivity. Power efficiency and coverage enhancements
The Path Forward Performance Greater throughput Lower latency Ultra-high reliability Higher connectivity density - IoT Mobility on demand Capabilities Control a highly heterogeneous environment Help ensure security, trust, identity, and privacy Consistent user experience Expected Timing Technical expectations expected 2017 Commercial deployment 2020 and beyond
The Voice of 5G for the Americas Technical Requirements: The Path to 5G Brian Daly Dir. Core & Gov n Regulatory/Standards AT&T 4G Americas Analyst Forum October 21, 2015 Westin Stonebrier Hotel, Dallas
5G Considerations Enhanced Mobile Broadband Higher download speeds New spectrum Extreme density Improved network capacity Massive Machine Type Communications Energy Optimization Reduced Signaling Connecting Everything Ultra Reliable Communications Secure High Availability Very Low Latency
Key Principles Architected to meet the expected use cases/demand in 2020 and beyond Allows time for true advances of technology, feasibility studies, standardization and product development Inclusive of the entire ecosystem, including air interface, devices, transport, packet core and more A critical investment for the Americas region Features considered 5G requirements should be implemented as LTE-Advanced extensions in advance of full 5G availability. www.4gamericas.org
Building on 4G for 5G Networking Flexibility Additional support for essential functions as fundamental attributes of networking layer Providing more flexible mobility Expanding form of multi-rat integration and management Enhanced efficiency for short burst or small data communication Expanding context information known to the network 5G WILL ENHANCE SOME OF THE BUILDING BLOCKS DEFINED IN 4G www.4gamericas.org
Requirements USER DRIVEN Battery Life Per-user Data Rate and Latency Robustness and Resiliency Mobility Seamless User Experience Context Aware Network NETWORK DRIVEN Scalability Network Capacity Cost Efficiency Automated System Management & Configuration Network Flexibility Energy Efficiency Coverage Security Diverse Spectrum Operation Unified System Framework www.4gamericas.org
Recommended Potential 5G Technologies (1) Massive MIMO RAN Transmission Centimeter and Millimeter Waves New Waveforms Shared Spectrum Access Advanced Inter-Node Coordination Simultaneous Transmission Reception Multi-RAT Integration & Management www.4gamericas.org
Recommended Potential 5G Technologies (2) D2D Communications Efficient Small Data Transmission Wireless Backhaul / Access Integration Flexible Networks Flexible Mobility Context Aware Networking Information Centric Networking Moving Networks www.4gamericas.org
4G Americas Performance Requirements Scenario End-to-End Latency Mobility DL Data Rate UL Battery Life Reliability Mobile Broadband Dense Urban Medium Low High Medium Short Medium Urban Medium Low High Medium Short Medium Suburban Medium High Medium Low Short Medium Performance Table Legend: Rural Medium High Medium Low Short Medium Remote [1] Low Low High Medium Short Medium Automotive (section 2.1.4) Low High Medium Medium Medium High Extreme Video, Virtual Reality and Gaming Applications (section 2.2) Low Low High Medium Short Medium Public Safety (section 2.4) Medium High High Medium Medium High PSTN Sunset (section 2.5) Medium Low Low Low Medium Medium M-Health and Telemedicine (section 2.1.3) Medium Low High Medium Medium High Smart Cities (section 2.1.2) Medium Low Medium Medium Long Medium Sports and Fitness (section 2.1.5) Medium Low Low Low Short Low Increased Density of Data Usage (section 2.3) Medium No High Medium N/A Medium End-to-End Latency Mobility Low (< 10 ms) High: ~>10 m/s (mobile) [1] While it may not be feasible or practical for commercial deployment of 5G networks in remote locations, the availability of 5G networks in remote locations for Public Safety could be critical. Establishment of 5G networks in remote environments may be performed on an as-needed basis using deployable network equipment. Such deployable network equipment may be vehicular based, aircraft based, air-dropped containers, etc. DL/UL Data Rate High: > 200 Mbps Battery Life Short: Days Reliability Low: < Four 9 s www.4gamericas.org
Overall 5G Solution 5G Technology Focus LTE- Advanced Backwards compatible New Spectrum Gradual evolution into existing spectrum New 5G Technology Forward compatible Existing Spectrum Above 6 GHz New spectrum below 6 GHz The overall 5G wireless-access solution consisting of LTE evolution and new technology Below 6 GHz www.4gamericas.org
Massive IoT/Mission Critical Services 5G Technology Focus Massive Internet of Things Scalable and flexible access bandwidths signaling protocols Massive Number of Devices Mission Critical Services Very short transmission times Contention-based access and fast channel assignments Multi-level diversity D2D Low device cost Long battery life Small data volumes Ultra-reliable Very high availability Very low latency Source: 4G Americas Member Company www.4gamericas.org
Flexible Networks 5G Technology Focus NFV & SDN www.4gamericas.org
TRAVEL Context Aware Networking 5G Technology Focus THE CLOUD Center of the Context Universe SMARTPHONES www.4gamericas.org
Standard UE/eNB links D2D Communications 5G Technology Focus
Efficient Small Data Transmission 5G Technology Focus Smart Home E-Health Smart Lighting Smart Cities Supply Chain Farm Security Smart Grid Energy Parking
Information Centric Networking 5G Technology Focus Scaling the Network Internet to meet future 5G needs Circuit Switching Packet Switching Information Centric Network Retrieving information based on cached content provides scalability and eliminates complexity for the current and future internet usage patterns for mobile wireless access Source: Jim Kurose, Information Centric Networking, the Evolution from Circuits to Packets to Content, School of Computer Science, Univ. of Massachusetts, Computer Networks Journal, 2014 www.4gamericas.org
The Evolution of Mobile Broadband Timeline Meeting Date 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2025 2030 #21 #22 #23 #24 #25 #26 #27 #28 #29 #30 #31 #32 #33 #34 #35 #36 Jun Feb Jun Feb Jun Oct Oct Jun Oct Feb Jun Oct Estimated 3GPP standardization timeline 3GPP Rel 13 Rel 14 Rel 15 Rel 16 Rel 17 and beyond 5G study items 5G work items 5G evolution Estimated ITU-R standardization process IMT 2020 timeline Technical Performance Requirements Evaluation Criteria Proposals IMT-2020 Evaluation Outcome & Decision IMT-2020 Specifications Estimated 5G commercialization timeline 5G Standardized Commercial launches www.4gamericas.org
End-to-End 5G Ecosystem Spectrum Resiliency REGULATORY Lawful Intercept Spectrum Sharing Emergency Services RADIO Advanced Interference Management Mesh Networks Massive MIMO Flexible Networks Security Cloud RAN Modulation Millimeter Wave M2M/IoT CORE NFV Security M2M/IoT Ubiquitous Storage & Computing M2M/IoT World Wide Wireless Web Cloud APPLICATIONS Security Context Aware Networking M2M/IoT D2D Apps Mesh Networks DEVICES D2D Context Aware Networking Modulation www.4gamericas.org
THANK YOU Available for free download at www.4gamericas.org
The Voice of 5G for the Americas Network Spectrum Recommendations Anders Svensson, Principal Solution Manager, 5G 4G Americas Analyst Forum October 21, 2015 Westin Stonebrier Hotel, Dallas
5G Usage Scenarios and Applications Enhanced Mobile Broadband Gigabytes in a second Smart Home/Building 3D video, UHD screens Work and play in the cloud Augmented reality Smart City Voice Industry automation Mission critical application Self Driving Car Massive Machine Type Communications Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications 14 Source: Rec. ITU-R M.[IMT.VISION]
Applications Driving Spectrum Usage Scenarios (Applications) High Level Requirements Spectrum Needs High-level requirements identified and spectrum implications described 5G applications have different technical requirements Therefore, different spectrum requirements in terms of frequency range (low, high) and size (wide, ultra-wide) Methodology for arriving at spectrum needs requires consideration of: Multi-operator deployment environments, inter- and intra-network interference considerations, guardbands, etc. Frequency reuse and need for multiple carriers Radio interface capabilities 18 Variety of spectrum is needed for different use cases
Spectrum-Related Implications of 5G Requirements High-level Requirement Ultra-high speed radio links High speed radio links Support for low to high-doppler environment Ultra-low latency Low latency Potential Spectrum-Related Implications Ultra-wide carrier bandwidths, e.g. 500 MHz Multi-gigabit front haul/backhaul Wide carrier bandwidths, e.g. 100 MHz Gigabit fronthaul/backhaul Depends on the throughput requirement Short range implications Mid-short range implications Ultra-high reliability radio links High reliability radio links Short range Long range Ground/obstacle penetration Operation in cluttered environment Operation near fast moving obstacles Mesh networking Severe impact of rain and other atmospheric effects on link availability in higher frequencies, e.g. mm-wave, for outdoor operations Impact of rain and other atmospheric effects on link availability in higher frequencies, e.g. mm-wave, for outdoor operations Higher frequencies, e.g. mm-wave Lower frequencies, e.g. sub-3 GHz Lower frequencies, e.g. sub-1 GHz Diffraction dominated environment in lower frequencies Reflection dominated environment in higher frequencies Frequency-selective fading channels High-speed distributed wireless backhaul operating in-band or out-ofband
Access to Variety of Spectrum Lower Frequency Bands (< 6 GHz) Lower bands provide better coverage through and around obstacles and flexible transition from 4G to 5G. Continued growth of data and video demands more spectrum. Additional spectrum 389-1009 MHz needed by 2020, according to ITU-R Higher Frequency Bands (>6 GHz) New technologies enable use of higher bands Below 30 GHz important for propagation/rf and above 30 GHz easier access to wider channels Several hundred MHz per operator (multi-operator) Having access to a variety of spectrum bands in support of all applications is key to success of 5G
Outcome of the CITEL Meeting 17-23 August 2015 CITEL PCC.II met the week of 17 August and finalized the Americas regional positions on WRC-15 agenda items including on 5G spectrum CITEL agreed on a regional proposal to WRC-15, supported by 10 countries, to consider studying the following bands for 5G (WRC-19): 10-10.45 GHz* 27.5-29.5 GHz 47.2-50.2 GHz 23.15-23.6 GHz 31.8-33 GHz 50.4-52.6 GHz 24.25-27.5 GHz 37-40.5 GHz 59.3-76 GHz Inclusion of several bands below 30 GHz by the Americas region strengthens worldwide support, especially for the 28 GHz as one likely common band between the Americas and certain Region 3 administrations such as Korea, Japan, and China 22 *Only for countries included in footnote 5.480 in ITU-R Radio Regulations
U.S. Spectrum Recommendations The United States has decided on proposing the following ranges to be studied for consideration at WRC-19 (overlaps with Regional CITEL proposal): 27.5-29.5 GHz 37-40.5 GHz 47.2-50.2 GHz 50.4-52.6 GHz 59.3-71 GHz 24
Regional Proposals ~24.5-29.5 Source: Nokia Ranges with commonalities across regions 50.4-52.6 27.5-29.5 37-40.5 47.2-50.2 59.3-71 US proposal to CITEL FCC NOI Bands NPRM Bands FCC Chairman s blog (3 August 2015) We expect to follow up on the Notice of Inquiry and issue a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) on the use of higher-frequency bands for mobile and other uses this year
U.S. Current and Future Spectrum Allocations Frequency Band Amount of Spectrum Comments 700 MHz 70 MHz Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) 850 MHz 64 MHz Cellular and Specialized Mobile Radio 1.7/2.1 GHz 90 MHz Advanced Wireless Services (AWS)-1 1695-1710 MHz 1755 to 1780 MHz 2155 to 2180 MHz 65 MHz AWS-3. Uses spectrum sharing 1.9 GHz 140 MHz Personal Communications Service (PCS) 2000 to 2020 2180 to 2200 MHz 40 MHz AWS-4 (Previously Mobile Satellite Service) 2.3 GHz 20 MHz Wireless Communications Service (WCS) 2.5 GHz 194 MHz Broadband Radio Service / Closer to 160 MHz deployable FUTURE 600 MHz Up to 120 MHz Incentive auctions 3.55 to 3.70 GHz 150 MHz Small-cell band with spectrum sharing 5 GHz 195 MHz Unlicensed band Above 6 GHz Multi GHz See slide 7, FCC Chairman s blog of August 3, 2015
Regional/Global Harmonization As 5G will move to inclusion of a larger set of bands, global harmonization becomes essential in the success of 5G as it reduces: Device/deployment complexity Cost to consumers through economies of scale International/regional regulatory groups (ITU-R, CITEL, etc.) could play a significant role now by agreeing on: An agenda item for WRC-19 on 5G spectrum Studies of a range of frequencies from which a set of globally harmonized bands could be identified for 5G Consideration of bands that could accommodate various 5G use cases/applications The FCC role in helping the region becoming the leader in 5G: Remain engaged with industry (e.g. workshops) Work on service rules and licensing options for potential 5G bands (NPRM) Active support in WRC-15/19 discussions
Licensing Aspects of 5G Spectrum Licensed Regulator granting exclusive right to an operator Provides reliable, secured spectrum for predictable quality/capacity Critical part of 5G deployments Shared Shared with incumbents Coordinated access when/where not used by incumbents. Facilitates timely access to spectrum in shared bands Unlicensed No registration or individual permission Rules established to avoid interference Complement for 5G, e.g. in small cell deployment All licensing schemes have a role to play in 5G!
Solutions to Enable Access to New Spectrum Protection of incumbents Studies using realistic models and parameters Consideration of mitigation techniques such as sensing, database, beacons, etc. Examples of prior experience (e.g. US AWS-3, 3.5 GHz band, etc.) Propagation-related challenges Various impairments and ways to cope with them are described Need for proper channel models stressed Semiconductor and Antenna technology Beamforming and spatial multiplexing techniques RFIC and hardware implementation advancements
Conclusions A variety of bands is needed to address both coverage and capacity needs of evolved 4G and 5G systems. Frequencies beyond those traditionally used for cellular systems, especially those above 6 GHz are important to consider. While the lower frequencies have better propagation characteristics for better coverage and thus can support both macro and small cell deployments, higher frequencies can support wider bandwidth carriers (due to large spectrum availability at mm-wave bands) for providing very high peak data rates in specific areas where traffic demands are very high.
Conclusions As 4G systems evolve and 5G systems develop over time, mobile spectrum bands below 6 GHz will be valuable to allow the smooth migration from 4G LTE usage to 5G. Despite challenges, the mobile industry is capable of extending mobile services into spectrum bands in the range above 6 GHz. Action is needed by regulators to ensure that new spectrum needs are addressed for the evolution of 4G and, to address societal needs and for the timely introduction of 5G, to identify new spectrum ranges to be studied in ITU-R.
Q&A Moderated by Vicki Livingston Tom Keathley AT&T Chris Pearson 4G Americas Ron Marquardt Sprint Brian Daly AT&T Anders Svensson Ericsson Mark McDiarmid T-Mobile