The Future of Spectrum Policy: dynamic spectrum access & unlicensed spectrum sharing (incl. Wi Fi)

The Future of Spectrum Policy: dynamic spectrum access & unlicensed spectrum sharing (incl. Wi Fi) DSA Global Summit, Bogota DSA Summit 27 th April 2016 Prof. H Sama Nwana, Executive Director

Outline 1.Who is the DSA? 2.Why Colombia for first DSA Global Summit in the Americas? 3.Why Spectrum Policy matters & The Challenges of Future Spectrum Policy 4.Dynamic Spectrum Access & examples 5.Why unlicensed sharing is key, Wi-Fi, LTE-U/LAA and Risks 6.Summary of The Future of Spectrum Policy 7.Q/A

Dynamic Spectrum Alliance A global, cross industry alliance focused on increasing dynamic access to unused radio frequencies Goals: Closing the Digital Divide Enabling the Internet of Things Alleviating the Spectrum Crunch 6

About the Dynamic Spectrum Alliance The Dynamic Spectrum Alliance is a global organization advocating for laws and regulations that will lead to more efficient and effective spectrum utilization including spectrum sharing. The Dynamic Spectrum Alliance members are working to create innovative solutions that will increase the amount of available spectrum to the benefit of consumers and businesses alike. The Dynamic Spectrum Alliance has developed model rules that can be used by regulators in adopting license exempt rules for TV white space access. Available at: www.dynamicspectrumalliance.org/submissions.html. 7

Why Bogota, Colombia? Source: A4A1 9

Why Bogota, Colombia? Source: A4A1 Why have some countries succeeded in making Internet access more affordable, accessible and universal, and what can others do to catch up quickly? 10

Managing spectrum properly really matters

Key Challenge: Most spectrum is unused in most places most of the time must change 2016 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 12

Spectrum is currently underutilized (Singapore) Spectrum Spectrum allocation ~100% is currently Spectrum underutilized utilization ~6.5% Unused spectrum exists from time to time, & location to location TV Whitespaces (TVWS) is the first step due to digital TV migration

Challenge: 4 Billion Have no Internet Access This is a key requirement for future spectrum policy Why? Solutions for remote areas aren't economically feasible. Connecting the Next Billion Copyright 2015 Carlson Wireless Technologies Inc. 14

The Reality of the Affordability & Reach Challenge (Source: Richard Thanki, University of Southampton, from UN & ITU Data) Billions of People on Earth Average Annual Income (pa) Affordable monthly communications spend 1 st Billion $29,206 $205 2 nd Billion $12,722 $53 3 rd Billion $5,540 $23 4 th Billion $2,987 $12 5 th Billion $1,771 $7 6 th Billion $1,065 $4.4 7 th Billion $540 $2.25

Outline 1.Who is the DSA? 2.Why Colombia for first DSA Global Summit in the Americas? 3.The Challenges of Future Spectrum Policy 4.Dynamic Spectrum Access & Examples 5.Why unlicensed sharing is key, Wi-Fi, LTE-U/LAA and Risks 6.Summary of The Future of Spectrum Policy 7.Q/A

What is Dynamic Spectrum Access? Typical definition: a spectrum sharing approach that allows secondary users to access the abundant spectrum holes or white spaces in licensed spectrum bands but 2 primary users can use dynamic spectrum access approaches to share DSA technology enables radios to safely share multiple frequency bands without interfering with legacy and other protected wireless systems White Space = part of the spectrum, available for a radiocommunication application (service, system) at a given time in a given geographical area on a non-interfering/non-protected basis with regard to primary and other services (CEPT Report 24, 2008)

White spaces (unused radio waves in TV spectrum) Definition in layman s terms: White spaces refer to geographical areas where the radio spectrum is not used by the licensee. White space spectrum can be potentially accessed by users other than the licensee, resulting in Example: High power TV broadcasts using the same frequency need to leave spaces between their coverage areas to avoid interference. increased overall spectrum efficiency. innovative new services, e.g. Broadband. Protection of the incumbent licensee(s) is paramount. These frequencies can be used in the white spaces in between by lower-power devices. TV white spaces are already used UNCONTROVERSIALLY by two licensed services: PMSE and local TV.

TV Whitespaces based Rural Broadband is Vital for South Americas and next unconnected

In Hilly or Forested Areas, $ reduced 3x It has 3 to 5 fewer access points = greatly reduced cost Broader coverage and range of microwave TVWS opens up a vast clean spectrum at no cost Connecting the Next Billion Copyright 2015 Carlson Wireless Technologies Inc. 20

Spectrum Sharing Update (2015): Unlicensed in the TV Bands

TV Whitespaces & the ITU The ITU World Radiocommunication Conference of 2012 concluded that the current international regulatory framework can accommodate software defined radio and cognitive radio systems, hence dynamic spectrum access, without being changed. The development of systems implementing this concept, such as TV white spaces, is therefore essentially in the hands of national regulators in each country..for this, regulators will depend on state of the art best practices which are currently developed by ITU-R Study Groups 1, 5 and 6. François Rancy, Director, ITU Radiocommunication Bureau ITU Radiocommunication Seminar for Arab Countries, RRS13-Arab Tunis, Tunisia on December 13, 2013 2014 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 22

WI FI DEMAND HUGE & EVER INCREASING 35,000.0 30,000.0 25,000.0 Installed Base Cumulative Shipments Approaching 15 billion cumulative shipments and 7.5 billion Wi Fi install base 20,000.0 15,000.0 10,000.0 5,000.0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Source: ABI Research: Cumulative Wi Fi enabled Product Shipments and Installed Base of Wi Fi enabled Products World Market, Forecast: 2000 to 2020.

WI FI IS THE PREDOMINATE & PREFERRED WAY PEOPLE ACCESS INTERNET Over 80% of mobile data traffic goes over Wi Fi Wi Fi traffic grew at over 2X the rate of cellular traffic from 2H13 to 1H15, accounting for ~83% of wireless traffic [3] 81% of smart phone traffic is carried over Wi Fi [4] Wi Fi dominating monthly data usage [5] ios users consume 82% of wireless data over Wi Fi Android users consume 78% of wireless data over Wi Fi Almost all wireless data usage (80 90%) is Quasi static/in Wi Fi coverage, due to device capabilities, relative pricing, and quality of experience versus cellular [3] Strategy Analytics Telemetry Intelligence Platform: http://www.wirelessweek.com/news/2015/08/study cellular wi fi data usage among smartphone users tripled under two years [4] Analysis Mason: Research Report: Consumer smartphone usage 2014: mobile data usage April 2015 [5] Mobidia: http://www.mobidia.com/insights/topic/whitepapers [6] Bernstein Research, Paul de Sa: https://owncloud.cablelabs.com/public.php?service=files&t=0384b653d14da1120ad740136de327a9

Wi Fi Maslow Hierarchy: But 5G is NOT the emerging human need Wi Fi is Increasingly consumers also come to expect 3 layers of connectivity: fixed, mobile, Wi Fi. Why WiFi/Unlicensed Access (need for more unlicensed spectrum)? WiFi already plays a crucial role in meeting demand from mobile devices, where most of that demand is generated while users are actually stationary. Technology upgrades will enable switching from mobile to WiFi to be far more transparent for consumers than it is at the moment. The introduction of Wi Fi calling effectively extends mobile networks coverage. Virtually all tablets are WiFi only.

Where? Some Spectrum Crunch Areas DSA has commented on in the past Unlicensed sharing using TVWS BOTH VHF and UHF (most well known but just a start) Standards: ETSI PAWS, 802.11af, 802.22, 802.ah, etc. DSA/Sharing in 3.5GHz band GSM Whitespaces LSA/SAS in 2.3Ghz, 3.5GHz Unlicensed @ 5GHz IoT/M2M Geolocation Sharing in 17 19.7GHz (FS & FSS sharing) 5G & DSA LTE U & LAA Using Wi Fi in other bands (TV Bands, V Band, Mmwave bands, etc.) 26

Why DSA Exists: to advocate for the Future of much more efficient Spectrum Policy (source: IDA, Singapore) Dynamic Spectrum Access Optimise and enable access to under utilised spectrum Utilisation Exclusive Shared (temporal & spatial) Regulation Licensed Unlicensed (e.g. Wi Fi) Allocation Static Dynamic

Why you may want to join the DSA? Communications industry (globally) is increasingly shaped or slowed down by policy/regulation e.g. Wi Fi s history => get competitive advantage with the faster regulatory alliances/markets Help us influence regulations/policy for you in your own market! Dynamic access/sharing of spectrum is truly the future! We are helping make markets: IoT, low cost broadband, smart infrastructure, smart sensors, smart agriculture, Wi Fi in TV bands We help promote standards and ecosystems We help provide intelligence and a watching brief to our members on trends, regulatory directions, diverse views, etc. Also join for us to learn from you: consumer electronics, smart sensors, car industry and you learn too from us hopefully 28