INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) LECTURE 1 : WEEK 1 CSC-111-T Credit : (2 + 1) / Week 2 TEXT AND REF. BOOKS Text Book: Peter Norton (2011), Introduction to Computers, 7 /e, McGraw-Hill Reference Book: Gary B (2012), Discovering Computers, 1/e, South Western Deborah (2013), Understanding Computers, 14/e, Cengage Learning June P & Dan O (2014), New Perspective on Computer, 16/e 1
3 MOBILE ALERT Kindly Switch Off your Mobile/Cell Phone OR Switch it to Silent Mode (MUST) Please 4 COURSE ASSESSMENT Assignment ----------------------------- 20% Quizzes ----------------------------- 10% Mid Term ----------------------------- 20% Lab ------------------------------------- 50% Final ------------------------------- 50% Total ----------------------------------- 150% 2
GOOGLE SITE ADDRESS 5 FOR LECTURE NOTES AND STUDY MATERIAL DOWNLOAD, PLEASE VISIT : https://sites.google.com/site/shucsc110/ FOR TYPING PRACTICE : http://www.sense-lang.org/typing/tutor/keyboarding.php GRADING 6 Letter Grade Percentage Grade Point A (Outstanding) 87-100 4.0 B+ (Very Good) 80-86 3.5 B (Above Average) 72-79 3.0 C+ (Satisfactory) 66-71 2.5 C (Barely Acceptable) 60-65 2.0 D (Outstanding from bottom!) 50-59 1.5 3
7 TEACHING PLAN 8 4
BRIEF TEACHING PLAN 10 5
11 COMPUTERS, INTERNET & WORLD WIDE WEB 12 Presented by: Flt. Lt. Shujaat H. Butt (R) MS. Telecomm. & Network Management, UK Masters (CS), Bahria University Karachi, Pakistan Prince2 Project Management (Foundation) Certified Microsoft Certified Professional (MCP) 6
13 LEARNING OBJECTIVES Computer Defined Types Of Computer Internet The Internet s Major Services The World Wide Web Understanding the World Wide Web Understanding the HTTP Understanding the URL Using your browser and the World Wide Web Searching the Web 14 What Is A Computer An Electronic device Converts data into information Modern computers are digital Two digits combine to make data Older computers were analog A range of values made data 7
Advantages Speed Reliability Consistency Storage Communications Disadvantages Violation of Privacy Impact on Labor Force Health Risks 15 Types Based On Principal Of Operation 16 There are three different types of computers according to the principles of operation. Those three types of computers are Analog Computers Analog Computer is a computing device that works on continuous range of values. Digital Computers Digital computer operates on binary number system in which there are only two digits 0 and 1. Each one is called a bit. Hybrid Computers A hybrid computer combines the desirable features of analog and digital computers. 8
17 Types Based On Configuration 18 There are four different types of computers when we classify them based on their performance and capacity Super Computers Mainframe Computers Mini Computers Micro Computers 9
19 Types Based On Configuration Super Computers The best in terms of processing capacity and also the most expensive ones. These computers can process billions (floating point) of instructions per second. Used for applications which require intensive numerical computations such as stock analysis, weather forecasting etc. Ex: China's Tianhe-2, IBM Blue Gene (1 Thousand Billion FLOPS/s) Mainframe Computers Mainframe computers can also process data at very high speeds i.e., hundreds of million instructions per second and they are also quite expensive. Normally, they are used in banking, airlines and railways etc Ex: IBM System z9 20 Mainframe Super Computer 10
21 Types Based On Configuration Mini Computers (Mid range computer) Mini computers are lower to mainframe computers in terms of speed and storage capacity. They are also less expensive than mainframe computers. Some of the features of mainframes will not be available in mini computers. Micro Computers The invention of microprocessor (single chip CPU) gave birth to the much cheaper micro computers i.e. Desktop Workstations Laptop/Notebook Hand Held (PDA s) etc 22 What Is Internet A global computer network providing a variety of information and communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols. The vast collection of computer networks which form and act as a single huge network for transport of data and messages across distances which can be anywhere from the same office to anywhere in the world. 11
23 Why use the Internet? Apply for jobs or schools Fill out government forms Check bank accounts Communicate with family, friends and co-workers Do research Learn new skills Read news Watch videos. 24 How to connect to the Internet Three main ways to connect to the Internet Dial-Up (Old/outdated) High Speed/DSL Wireless Connection (Wi-Fi) 12
Dial-Up Internet Connection 25 Dial-Up All you need is a computer, phone-line and Internet Service Provider! (ISP) Not as fast as other Internet connections, but often more affordable Your computer Landline ISP Internet High Speed (Cable/DSL) Connection 26 Travels through fiber-optic cables underground Needs to be connected by a Modem to your computer Modem: A hub that connects the computer to the Internet Faster than Dial-up 13
27 28 Wireless Internet Connection (Wi-Fi) Your computer must be a Wireless enabled device Your computer can pick up signals from different wireless networks Some networks require passwords or a subscription, others are free No physical connection Requi. Wireless symbol would look like 14
29 World Wide Web (WWW) Tim Berners-Lee and others at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics, more popularly known as CERN, proposed a new protocol for information distribution in 1991 based on hypertext Hypertext is a system of embedding links in text to link to other text 30 Today and the Future 100,000 new web sites per month More than 80% of U.S. households online Access is available world wide Concepts of E-economy, E-world Massive impact on social lives 15
31 Internet Growth 32 The Internet s Major Services The World Wide Web (WWW) Developed in 1993 by Tim-Berners Lee Allowed connection of documents Required a browser to read documents Electronic mail (e-mail) Instantaneous transmission of documents 16
33 The Internet s Major Services News Often called newsgroups Electronic discussions on several topics File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Sends and receives files 34 The Internet s Major Services Chat Public real time conversation Instant messaging Private real time conversation Peer-to-peer services Allows sharing of files among users Illegal to share copyrighted material 17
World Wide Web (WWW) 35 The World Wide Web is system of Internet ser vers that support specially formatted documents. The documents are formatted in a markup language called HTML (HyperText Markup Language) that supports links to other documents, as well as graphics, audio, and video files. World Wide Web : Major Parts 36 The World Web is based on these technologies: HTML - Hypertext Markup Language HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol Web servers and Web browsers 18
37 WWW 38 HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) HTTP is the underlying protocol used by the World Wide Web HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands HTTP is called a stateless protocol because each command is executed independently The three main HTTP message types are GET, POST, and HEAD 19
39 Uniform Resource Locator (URL) URL is the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web The first part of the URL is called a protocol identifier, and the second part is called Resource name and it specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located. 40 URL Explained http://www.google.com/index.html Protocol Sub domain Domain Name Resource Name Top level domain File Path/Name 20
Understanding The Internet 41 A web browser is a software application for retrieving and presenting information resources on the World Wide Web OR Browser is a software application used to locate, retrieve and display content on the World Wide Web, including Web pages, images, video and other files. Read and translate the HTML Display web content Famous Browsers 42 21
Search Techniques 43 Quote the exact phrase Use the keyword AND Use the keyword NEAR Avoid common words Use the site s advanced tools Search Engine Market Share 44 22
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47 LEARNING OUTCOME After this lecture we have clear understanding of the following: Computer, Types Of Computer Internet, The Internet s Major Services Understanding the World Wide Web Understanding the HTTP Understanding the URL Using your browser and the World Wide Web Searching the Web 48 END OF LECTURE Any Questions!!! 24