Net... 5... 5... 5... 7... 8... 8... LAN - - WAN - - 9... - - 9... 9... - 4-9... - 4-... - 4-... 4-4-... Hub and Spoke 5-4- 4... Full Mesh 6-4- 5...Partial Mesh 7-4- 6... 8-4- 6... 7.... Client/Server - 5-8...Peer-to-Peer - 5- - - - - -......... 4... - - - 6... TP - - 6... - - 7... 9... - 4-0... - 4-............ 4... 4... 5... 5... - 5- Patch Panel - 5- Cable Guide - 5-4- 5-5- 5- Crimper 6-5- Punch Tool 7-5- - - 7... TCP/IP OSI 4 7... 7... 8... OSI 40... - -4 4... - -4 45... 46... 48... 48... 48... - -4 4- -4 5- -4 6- -4 7- -4 49...TCP/IP 50.... Network Interface - 4-4 50... - 4-4 50... - 4-4 - - - -
Net 5... 4-4-4 54... 5 54... 0 54... 55... 0Base - -5 0Base5 - -5 55... 0Base-T - -5 56... 0Base-F 4- -5 56... 00 56... 56... 00Base-TX - -5 00Base-FX - -5 56... 000 56... 57... 57... 57... 000Base-T - -5 000Base-SX - -5 000Base-LH - -5 000Base-ZX 4- -5 57... 58...RJ-45 TP 58... 59... TIA/EIA-568A - 5-5 TIA/EIA-568B - 5-5 60...Straight Through - 5-5 60...Cross-Over 4-5-5 6...CSMA/CD - - - - - - 64...IP 6 64... 64... 66... - -6 6 --6 67... IPv4 - - 69... IP - -6 69... Private Public IP - -6 70... - -6 7...IP 4- -6 76... 5- -6 77... Subnetting 6- -6 78... IPv6 78...IPv6 - -6-8... 7 8...arp 8... ipconfig 8... netstat 84... ping 85...nslookup 86... tracert - - - - - - 88...Wireless LAN 8 88... WLAN 88... 88... Ad-Hoc - -8 Infrastructure - -8 89...WLAN 89... Wireless - -8 90... 90... Wireless Access Point - -8 - -8 9... 9...CSMA/CA 9...WLAN 9...WLAN - - - - - -
Net 9... - 97... WAN 9 97... WAN - 97... 97... 98... Dedicated Leased Line - -9 Circuit Switched Connection - -9 Packet Switched Connection - -9 99... WAN 99... - -9 99... - -9 99... WAN 99... 00... E - -9 DSL - -9 - - 0... 0
Net 4 5-6 -. -. :. Yahoo Messenger IP.. :-.. : Client. Host.. : Server..... : Hub -.. Instant Messaging Voice Over IP Converged Network.... ( ). : Switch...
Net 5 7-8 -. : Router. ( IP ).. : Media.... : WAN Link WAN.. : File Server. LAN --. LAN... -..... ( LAN ) Local Area Network ( WAN ) Wide Area Network LAN :- WAN --. WAN ( CAN ) Campus Area Network ( MAN ) Metropolitan Area Network ( PAN ) Personal Area Network... Wide Area Network WAN :-
Net 6 9-0 - --... WAN LAN.... : CAN WAN CAN : MAN. MAN.. LAN : PAN. PAN USB. : : Unicast : Multicast : Broadcast. Broadcast Domain ). Broadcast Domain Broadcast - Broadcast Broadcast Domain ( Network+.. Domain -4- :-.. Single Point ). ( of Failure.. -4-.. Terminator..... 4. Physical Topology Logical Topology Bus Topology Network Segment Collision Domain 4 Bus Collision
Net 7 - - Token Ring. T Connecter.... Vampire Tap :-...... -4-...... Token Ring.. 4-4-... :5- :4- Token Collision Ring Topology Star Topology
Net 8-4 -. LAN... :-..... LAN. Single Point of ). ( Failure Hub and Spoke :4-. WAN. WAN ( Spoke ) WAN ( Hub ) Hub. Spoke. Hub and Spoke 5-4-. WAN.. Hub-and-Spoke WAN. Hub Spoke Full Mesh 6-4- LAN.. WAN WAN... Full Mesh :7- Hub and Spoke :6-.
Net 9 5-6 - Full Mesh :5-... WAN WAN n.. Partial Mesh :6- Full-Mesh.. WAN. Hub-and-Spoke Hub-and-Spoke WAN... Hub-and-Spoke WAN. Full-Mesh Partial Mesh 7-4- Full-Mesh Hub-and-Spoke 8-4-. WAN. WAN Hybrid. - ( ).... Peer to Peer Client/Server Partial Mesh :8- Hybrid Topology Clients
Net 0 7-8 - Client/Server -5-. ( - ) Client/Server. Peer-to-. Peer... Domain Controller. Domain Controller. DC.. DC. DC : Microsoft Windows Server Novell Netware FreeBSD Solaris Linux Unix Based OS NAS.. Peer-to-Peer -5- Peer-to-Peer ) (. :9-. :7-....... License Network Attached Storage.
Net 9 -. Client/Server. :0-. :8-.... Peer-to-Peer Client/Server. Hybrid
Net - -. LAN -... :- ( ) - -... -..... :. 75. : RG-59. 75 : RG-6. 50 : RG-58 :- Bayonet Neil BNC. : BNC Connector Media Coaxial Connector
Net - 4 -. British Naval Conncetor Concelman. Terminator BNC Connector :- T : BNC T Connetor.. Terminator :6-. BNC :7- T Coonector :4-. : BNC Barrel Connector - LAN.... Barrel Connector :5- : : BNC Terminator. Twisted Pair Cross Talk
Net 4 5-6 -. UTP : Unshielded Twisted Pair LAN... FTP STP SFTP :- UTP :8-. STP : Shielded Twisted Pair. TP -- TP.. Category.. RJ-45 TP :- CAT 0Mbps STP :9- CAT5 00Mbps. : Foiled Twisted Pair. FTP 4 CAT5e CAT6 00/000Mbps 00/000/0000Mbps 5 CAT6a 00/000/0000Mbps 6 CAT7 00/000/0000Mbps FTP :0- SFTP : Shielded Foiled Twisted Pair --. DB-9 RJ- RJ-45 TP RJ.. RJ-45
Net 5 7-8 -. Registered Jack.. DB RJ :- -.... :-... 550 0 00 850... :4-. ( Cladding )... Strand Core Single Mode Multi Mode Core :5-. 0 8 6.5 50
Net 6 9-0 - -4-... MTRJ :9-. Square Connector Standard Connector Subscriber Connector : SC -4- : Patch Cord. : Patch Cord. SC :6-. Lucent Connector : LC Patch Cord :0- LC :7-. : FC PigTail. : Pigtail. Pigtail :- FC :8-. Media Termination Recommended Jack : MTRJ. Simplex Duplex Fusion
Net 7 - - -...... -5-.... 9 4 U. 40U. 5... U. 80.. 00 60.. Active Passive Rack 4 Unit :- Patch Panel -5- LAN TP. Patch Panel.. Patch Panel Electrical Patch Panel LAN. Patch Panel. Patch Panel.. Patch Panel
Net 8-4 - 4-5-. Patch Panel :- :6-5-5- RJ-45 TP Patch Panel :4-. KeyStone. Cable Guide -5-. Cable Guide :7- Cable Guide :5- Duct Outlet
Net 9 5 - Keystone :8- Crimper 6-5-. Crimper TP RJ-45 TCP/IP OSI Crimper :9- Punch Tool 7-5-. Punch Tool Keystone Patch Panel :0-
Net 0 7 TCP/IP OSI - 4 8 TCP/IP OSI - 4 TCP/IP OSI. TCP/IP OSI 4.. -........ -... Open.. OSI - OSI ISO. Systems Interconnection.. OSI. TCP/IP. OSI. OSI........ OSI :-4 International Organization for Standardization International Organization for Standardization
Net 9 TCP/IP OSI - 4 40 TCP/IP OSI - 4 Layer : The physical layer Layer : The data link layer. Network Data Link PDU Packet Frame Layer : The network layer Physical Bit Layer 4: The transport layer Layer 5: The session layer. OSI Layer 6: The presentation layer Layer 7: The application layer.. ( Internet Explorer )... Protocol Data Unit PDU. PDU.. OSI PDU. PDU :-4 PDU --4.. OSI. (. OSI ).Access Point ---4.. : Current State Modulation.. 7 Application Data 6 Presentation Data 5 Session Data 4 Transport Segment Current State Modulation :-4 Header Physical Layer
Net 4 TCP/IP OSI - 4 4 TCP/IP OSI - 4 : State Transition Modulation. : Baseband.. 5---4.. State Transition Modulation :-4 ---4.. ---4 OSI. :4-4 : : Time Division Multiplexing 4---4 :. : Broadband ADSL.. Broadband. TDM : Statistical Time Division Multiplexing StatTDM.. : Frequency Division Multiplexing Broadband. Signaling Multiplexing
Net 4 TCP/IP OSI - 4 44 TCP/IP OSI - 4. --4. OSI... LLC MAC MAC ---4 MAC http://standards.ieee.org/develop/regauth/oui/oui.txt :.. :. CSMA/CD.. OSI :.. MAC LAN. ) 48 MAC. MAC. ( 6. LLC ---4. LLC :... OSI :. :5-4 ( 4 ) MAC OUI.. Vendor Code. OUI. : : Asynchronous 4.. Clock : Synchronous. - - Datalink Layer Media Access Control Physical Address Logical Link Control Frame Start Bit 4 Stop Bit
Net 4 45 TCP/IP OSI - 4 46 TCP/IP OSI - 4 --4. OSI.... ---4 4--4.... OSI IP TCP/IP... OSI... UDP TCP TCP/IP.. IP. IPX ---4-4--4. : 4 :. : ( ) : Circuit Switching 5.. : Packet Switching... ( ).. ---4 4 :... Network Layer Logical Addressing Novell 4 Switching 5 Dynamic Transport Layer Header Connection Less 4 Connection Oriented
Net 5 47 TCP/IP OSI - 4 48 TCP/IP OSI - 4-4--4........ 5--4. OSI... 6--4.. OSI... 7--4. OSI. ( Internet Explorer ). :6-4. 4-4--4. OSI. HTML Windowing Sliding Windows Acknowledgement 4 Buffering Session Layer Presentation Layer Application Layer
Net 6 49 TCP/IP OSI - 4 50 TCP/IP OSI - 4..... TCP/IP Network Interface -4-4. Network Interface TCP/IP OSI. ( ). TCP/IP TCP/IP - OSI.. DoD Model. TCP/IP.. TCP/IP.. OSI -4-4. OSI. TCP/IP. IP OSI.. IP -4-4 TCP/IP OSI. UDP TCP/IP.. TCP 4 UDP TCP.. TCP UDP :-4 TCP/IP OSI :7-4 TCP UDP Transport Network Access Network Interface TCP/IP TCP/IP Protocol Stack Department of Defense.. Host to Host Internet Layer Host to Host Layer or Transport Layer User Datagram Protocol 4 Transmission Control Protocol
Net 7 5 TCP/IP OSI - 4 5 TCP/IP OSI - 4 TCP UDP :-4 TCP UDP HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol 80 - HTTPS Login.. 44 HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure. IP 4-4-4 ) OSI. TCP/IP DNS. IP Domain Name System 5 5. ( Session, Transport, Application.. IP :8-4.
Net 8 54-5 5. LAN 97... IEEE 80. IEEE. IEEE 80... 0-0.. 0Base --5 0. Base. 85. Baseband Thinnet. Ethernet Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Net 9 55-5 56-5 0Base5 --5. TP Cat 0. 0Base. 500 Thicknet.. Vampire Tap 0Base-F 4--5 0... 00 -. 00 00Base-TX --5. 00 TP Cat5 00Base-FX --5. 000 -. 000 000Base-T --5 Vampire Tap :-5. 00 TP Cat5e 000Base-TX 0Base-T --5. TP Cat6 0 RJ-45. 00 Multi Mode Fiber
Net 0 57-5 58-5 000Base-SX --5. 500 RJ-45 TP -. Cat5 TP. TIA/EIA RJ-45 TP 000Base-LH --5. 0 5 000Base-LX 0 000Base-LX... 4 TP. RJ-45. 8.. 000Base-ZX 4--5. 70 -. RJ45 :-5 TIA/EIA-568A - 5-5. RJ45 TP. EIA/TIA TIA/EIA :-5 TIA/EIA-568A :4-5
Net 59-5 60-5. TIA/EIA-568A TIA/EIA-568A :-5 RJ-45 TIA/EIA-568B :-5 RJ-45 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 Straight Through - 5-5 TIA/EIA-568B - 5-5. RJ45 TP. EIA/TIA TIA/EIA. Straight Through TIA/EIA-568B TIA/EIA-568A. TIA/EIA-568B. : Cross-Over 4-5-5 TIA/EIA-568B :5-5. TIA/EIA-568A Cross-Over :. TIA/EIA-568B
Net 6-5 6-5 Carrier CSMA/CD. 00. ( TX ) ( RX ) 4 00 ( ).. Cross-Over.. Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection... JAM.... Backoff Timer Cross-Over :6-5 ) 000.. CSMA/CD ( TP 00 Cross-Over.. 000 Straight Through 000 4 5. CSMA/CD - Hub Collision Media Collision Segment 4 Throughput 5 Congestion
Net 64 IP - 6 IP 6 OSI... IPv4 IP. IP TCP/IP IP. IPv6 -. IP. 6 0 IP 0 IP. 0. --6 4 0. IPv4 IP.. 0. IP Headers IP Address Decimal 4 Binary
Net 4 65 IP - 6 66 IP - 6 ---6... 8 7 8 7 6 64 :-6 6 5 5 4. 6 4 8 4.. 000 0. 6 4 8 8 IP. 8 8 7 64 :-6 6 5 4..... 55. 8 00 8 00. 00 7 00 8. 7 64. 64 7. 8 6 8..8 00 :-6 7 6 5 4 4 8 64 6 8 4.. 8 0 0 0 0 0 8 + 0 + + 6 + 0 + 4 + 0 +. 8 ---6 6 --6 5 0. 6.. 0 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
Net 5 67 IP - 6 68 IP - 6. 6. 6 4. 4 4. ( 00000 ) ( 00 ) 0 Subnet Mask.( ) IP Subnet Mask... ( C8 ) 6 6 Dotted Decimal 0 Subnet Mask :5-6 0 0 IPv4 - IP. IP IPv4 Dotted-Decimal. 0.0.0.. IP Dotted Decimal 0 0000 00 Octet :4-6.. 8 0 000 000 Octet 0 000 0 Octet 0000 000 Octet 4. IP Subnet Mask IP IP Subnet Mask. ( ) IP Subnet Mask 0000 00 Network Bits 000 000 0000 0000 000 0 0000 0000 Host Bits 0000 000 0000 0000 Subnet Mask 8 8 Subnet Mask Subnet Mask. Subnet Mask Subnet Mask IP Dotted Decimal Subnet Mask 0 0000 00 0. IP :6-6 Subnet Mask IP IP Dotted-Decimal IP Subnet Mask.. IP Address : 0.0.0. Subnet Mask : 55.0.0.0 0 000 000 0000 0000 0 0 000 0 0000 0000 0 0000 000 0000 0000 0 Octet Network Address Host Address Network Address
Net 6 69 IP - 6 70 IP - 6 slash notation prefix notation Subnet Mask IP. / Subnet Mask. 0.0.0./8 IP --6 Subnet Mask IP Class A Class B Class C Octect. Subnet Mask 6 8 9 9 :7-6 Classful Mask ( Dotted Decimal ) 55.0.0.0 55.55.0.0 55.55.55.0 Classful Mask ( prefix notation ) /8 /6 /4. Public Private. IP. WAN LAN. Public. IP Private. IP Class A Class B Class C 0.0.0.0 0.55.55.55 7.6.0.0 7..55.55 9.68.0.0 9.68.55.55 Private :8-6 Subnet Mask 55.0.0.0 55.55.0.0 55.55.55.0. prefix notation 0.0.0.0/8 7.6.0.0/ 9.68.0.0/6 Class D 4 9 Class E 40 55 --6. Classful Classful Mask Subnet Mask Classful 9.68.00.0. 55.55.55.0 Subnet Mask 9.. Broadcast.. H Private Public IP --6 IP Public. Private Public H 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.55.55.55. Broadcast 0.55.55.55 Address Class Octet Network Address
Net 7 7 IP - 6 7 IP - 6 IP 4--6 IP. IP. : : IP IP Subnet Mask : Default Gateway. :-6 Default Gateway. : DNS Server. IP.google.com. IP DNS. DNS Server. DHCP 4.. DHCP Server. IP. Control Panel. 7 IP :-6 Dynamic Manual Domain Name System 4 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Net 8 7 IP - 6 74 IP - 6 :-6 :5-6 :4-6 :6-6
Net 9 75 IP - 6 76 IP - 6. :7-6 :9-6 5--6. IPv4 0.0.0.0-5--6 : IP : 0.0.0.0. :. 0.0.0.0/0 DNS :8-6 Dynamic
Net 40 77 IP - 6 78 IP - 6 Loopback -5--6. Subnetting.. 7.55.55.54 7.0.0. TCP/IP.. IP. Classful Public Public Subnetting.. Classless Subnetting Subnet Mask Classful 69.54.0. APIPA -5--6 Automatic Private IP Address APIPA. IP. IP. 69.54.0.0/6 IP DHCP 69.54.55.54. IP Subnetting 6--6. Subnet Mask Subnet Mask IP IPv6 - IPv4 :. NAT IPv6. NAT IP Public Class A :9-6 ( ) 6,777,4 4. Private. Public Private NAT. Public Class B 65,54 6. IPv6 Class C 54 8 IP IPv6 --6 A IP. C B 8. 8 IPv6 Network Address Translation
Net 4 79 IP - 6. 4 XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX IPv6. X 8.. IPv6. 607:f0d0:00:005:0000:0000:0000:0004
Net 4 8-7 8-7. 7 arp -. TCP/IP.. Command Prompt Enter cmd Start 7.. ( MAC ) ( IP ) ) MAC TCP/IP IP MAC IP.(. Broadcast Domain. ARP. MAC IP arp. arp. arp -a. Command Prompt :-7 ( + R ) R Windows. Enter cmd arp :-7 ipconfig -. ipconfig Command Prompt :-7 Address Resolution Protocol
Net 4 8-7 84-7. b netstat -b ipconfig :4-7. ipconfig /all. MAC netstat -. netstat netstat :6-7. ping -. ping IP ping... netstat :5-7 ping :7-7
Net 44 85-7 86-7. OSI. Request timed out. Destination host unreachable ADSL.. ping nslookup - tracert -.. hop tracert * ping. ( Timed out ). IP d.. IP DNS Command Prompt. DNS IP. nslookup :8-7 DNS. yahoo.com IP. tracert :0-7 nslookup :9-7
Net 45 88 Wireless LAN - 8 Wireless LAN 8. Wireless LAN 80. IEEE... WLAN Wireless LAN WLAN - Wireless LAN.Infrastructure Ad-Hoc : WLAN Ad-Hoc --8 WLAN Laptop.. Ad-Hoc :-8 Infrastructure--8 WLAN
Net 46 89 Wireless LAN - 8 90 Wireless LAN - 8.. Wireless Access Point --8 Wireless Access Point Infrastructure. Infrastructure :-8 WLAN -. WLAN Wireless Access Point :4-8 Wireless --8. Wireless WLAN. --8 WLAN.... Omnidirectional --- 8 60. :-8. Wireless Access Point
Net 47 9 Wireless LAN - 8 9 Wireless LAN - 8.....4GHz. WLAN.. 5GHz.4GHz.. MHz 5MHz Omnidirectional :5-8. WAP Wireless Access Point Unidirectional --- 8..4GHz WLAN. (. WLAN ). 6 Unidirectional :6-8.4GHz :7-8 - Licensed Free Licensed Channel. 5GHz
Net 48 9 Wireless LAN - 8 94 Wireless LAN - 8 CSMA/CA - ( ) WLAN. Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision CSMA/CA. Avoidance. Wired Equivalent Privacy : WEP.. WEP Wi-Fi Protected Access : WPA Wi-Fi Protected Access version : WPA. WLAN - WLAN 80. IEEE.. 80. :-8 80.a 5GHz 54Mbps 5m Indoor/0m Outdoor 80.b.4GHz Mbps m Indoor/40m Outdoor 80.g.4GHz 54Mbps m Indoor/40m Outdoor 80.n.4GHz or 5GHz 00Mbps 70m Indoor/50m Outdoor WLAN - SSID WLAN. -. WLAN : WLAN Service Set Identifier
Net 49 96 WAN - 9 WAN 9 WAN WAN.. WAN -. WAN WAN Dedicated Leased Line -- 9. (. ).. Leased Line :-9 Circuit Switched Connection --9. ISDN. ISDN WAN. Service Provider
Net 50 97 WAN - 9 98 WAN - 9 Packet Switched Dedicated Leased Line WAN. Connection. IP WAN. WAN -.. WAN -- 9 Circuit Switched Connection :-9 Packet Switched Connection -- 9 Leased Line Dedicated Leased Line : UTP E DSL :. WAN. :. : Packet Switched Connection. Leased Line.. -- 9 :.. WAN Wimax WAN -.DSL E WAN Packet Switched Connection :-9 ATM ATM Frame Relay E -- 9. 0 E
Net 5 99 WAN - 9. 0 0 Packet Switched. Mbps WAN Dedicated Leased Line WAN. Connection DSL -- 9 xdsl. Digital Subscriber Line DSL.. xdsl :-9 DSL ADSL Asymmetric DSL Mbps 4Mbps 5500m Yes SDSL Symmetric DSL.Mbps.Mbps 6700m No VDSL Very High Bit Rate DSL 6Mbps 00Mbps 00m Yes xdsl. Broadband Service