Neville Meijers VP, Business Development Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. Extending the Benefits of LTE to Unlicensed Spectrum 1
Making the best use of licensed and unlicensed spectrum More spectrum More licensed spectrum is the top priority Use unlicensed spectrum opportunistically Higher efficiency For both licensed & unlicensed spectrum More small cells Technologies for hyper-densification 2
Multiple technologies will co-exist for best use of all spectrum LTE Advanced Licensed spectrum foundation, augmented with unlicensed spectrum solutions LTE Unlicensed LTE-based technologies in unlicensed spectrum, LTE-U, LAA, MuLTEfire Wi-Fi 802.11ac/ad/ax 802.11-based technology solely operating in unlicensed spectrum Mobile broadband services for best performance and quality-of-experience Broadens LTE ecosystem to enhanced and new deployment opportunities Also evolving for enhanced performance and expanding to new usage models LTE Unlicensed: LTE-U/LAA aggregation with an LTE licensed spectrum anchor, whereas MuLTEfire can operate solely in unlicensed spectrum MuLTEfire is an initiative of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 3
Video Extending LTE to unlicensed spectrum 4
LTE Unlicensed in 5 GHz for new small cell deployments LTE & LTE-U/LAA LTE Unlicensed small cell Unlicensed (5 GHz) Licensed Anchor (400 MHz 3.8 GHz) Carrier aggregation ~2x capacity and range Compared to Wi-Fi 1 Enhanced user experience Licensed anchor for control and mobility Single unified LTE network Common management A good Wi-Fi neighbor In many cases, better neighbor to Wi-Fi than Wi-Fi itself 1 Assumptions: Two operators. 48 Pico+108 Femto cells per operator. 300 users per operator with 70% indoor. 3GPP Bursty model. 12x40MHz @ 5GHz for unlicensed spectrum; LTE 10 MHz channel at 2 GHz;. 2x2 MIMO, Rank 1 transmission, eicic enabled; LTE-U LAA R13, 2x2 MIMO (no MU-MIMO).; Wi-Fi - 802.11ac 2x2 MIMO (no MU-MIMO), LDPC codes and 256QAM). 5
Extending the benefits of LTE to unlicensed spectrum Licensed Spectrum Exclusive use LTE Carrier Aggregation with licensed anchor channel LTE-U 1 to boost downlink Targeting mobile operators deployments in USA, Korea, India, etc. based on 3GPP Rel. 10/11/12 LAA (Licensed-Assisted Access) Targeting mobile operator deployments in Europe, Japan, and beyond 2 based on 3GPP Rel. 13 and beyond Unlicensed Spectrum Shared use LTE-based technology without licensed anchor channel MuLTEfire Broadening LTE technology and ecosystem to new deployment opportunities 1 Downlink only in unlicensed spectrum (SDL). RF specs and coexistence tests defined by LTE-U forum: coexistence and fair sharing can be obtained using techniques such as channel selection and CSAT (Carrier Sensing Adaptive Transmission). 2 These regions mandate specific access procedures, including Listen Before Talk (LBT),. LAA R14 targets enhancements to support aggregation for both uplink and downlink 6
Aggregation with licensed spectrum provides best performance LTE - Wi-Fi Link Aggregation (LWA) for carrier Wi-Fi deployments 1 Wi-Fi in Unlicensed 2.4 & 5 GHz Link Aggregation Enhanced user experience Licensed 400MHz to 3.8GHz Better capacity and coverage Mobile operator s LTE anchor spectrum LTE in Unlicensed 5 GHz Carrier Aggregation Unified network Fair coexistence LTE in unlicensed (LTE-U/LAA) for new small cell deployments 7
Spearheading LTE-U commercialization Industry s first commercially announced LTE-U small cell solution Industry s first commercially announced UE solution for LTE-U FSM9955 LTE WTR3950 X12 LTE LTE/ LTE-U Unlicensed (5 GHz) Licensed Anchor LTE Carrier aggregation WTR3925 Converged SOC with CSAT (R 10) based LTE/Wi-Fi fair coexistence X12 LTE supporting LTE-U with WTR 3950 Qualcomm Snapdragon, WTR RF transceiver chips and FSM small cell solutions are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 8
FSM9955 brings LTE-U to small cells For LTE-U anticipated commercial launches in 2016 Converged multi-mode SoC Announced: LTE-U Ease of deployment and management CSAT Supports the gamut of deployment scenarios Hosted: Wi-Fi 802.11ac Hotspot 2.0 Pico/Enterprises Venues Foundation: 3G, LTE FSM9955 UltraSON elcic 1 Residential/Neighborhood An industry leader in RF, power management, security Dedicated network listen across technologies LTE Unlicensed / Wi-Fi coexistence like CSAT FSM small cell solutions and UltraSON are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.. 1 eicic is enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination defined by 3GPP. UltraSON technology interference and mobility management Advanced interference management like eicic 9
LTE Unlicensed Demo Showcase See the benefits of LTE-U in action with three distinct demos LTE-U Performance Live demonstration of LTE-U Performance using commercial Qualcomm Technologies silicon LTE-U/Wi-Fi Coexistence See LTE-U and Wi-Fi fairly sharing spectrum first hand License Assisted Access (LAA) Learn how LAA brings together the best of licensed and unlicensed via our LAA Video Demo Demos Featuring Qualcomm Technologies Platform Solutions FSM99xx 10
Unlicensed 5 GHz spectrum ideal for small cells LTE-U, LAA, MuLTEfire, Wi-Fi (802.11ac/ax) will coexist to meet various needs Pico/Enterprises Small Businesses Venues Residential/Neighborhood Opportunistic use Shared spectrum but free, technology neutral Shorter range Lower transmit power per regulations Large amount of spectrum Could be ~500MHz but regionally dependent Wide bands available for sharing Efficiently shared amongst multiple users 11
Multiple technologies to support all deployment scenarios Small Cell LTE-U/LAA aggregation 802.11ai Fast Roaming Carrier Wi-Fi AP MuLTEfire Neutral host offload LTE advanced Carrier Aggregation Dual-connectivity LTE/Wi-Fi Link Aggregation 802.11ac/ad LTE/Wi-Fi access LTE/Wi-Fi Call Continuity Wi-Fi access 802.11ac MU-MIMO 802.11ac/ad LTE Unlicensed Solutions LTE/Wi-Fi Technology Solutions LTE in Licensed Spectrum LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum 802.11ac Wi-Fi 802.11ad (60Ghz) Carrier Wi-Fi Solutions 12
Fair Wi-Fi coexistence a key principle in LTE unlicensed design Extensive over-the-air testing performed in the lab and in the field >2x 1x Operator A Wi-Fi 1x Operator B Wi-Fi Operator B switches Wi-Fi to LTE in unlicensed 1x Operator A Wi-Fi Operator B LTE in unlicensed Gain (Median throughput) In many cases a better neighbor to Wi-Fi than Wi-Fi itself Assump&ons: Two operators. 48 Pico+108 Femto cells per operator. 300 users per operator with 70% indoor. 3GPP Bursty model. 12x40MHz @ 5GHz for unlicensed spectrum. LTE 10 MHz channel at 2 GHz;. 2x2 MIMO, Rank 1 transmission, eicic enabled; LTE- U - Phase II., 2x2 MIMO (no MU- MIMO).; Wi- Fi - 802.11ac 2x2 MIMO (no MU- MIMO), LDPC codes and 256QAM). 13
4/x LTE Unlicensed improves coverage compared to Wi-Fi 20/2 24/26 26/23 2/x 16/2 29/16 3/x 27/27 14/3 6/x 15/9 LTE / Wi-Fi 5GHz access point 9/1 Indoor 3rd floor 35/27 LTE Thrpt (Mbps) / Wi-Fi Thrpt ( Mbps) Source: Qualcomm Research. Example from our LTE Unlicensed testing in San Diego to validate coverage and performance advantages. 14
Implementation variation among Enterprise Wi-Fi vendors Using Qualcomm Technologies LTE/Wi-Fi coexistence test chamber Baseline: 8 Wi-Fi + Wi-Fi Stress Test: 8 Wi-Fi + LTE-U Mixture of Vendor A and B s enterprise Wi-Fi APs Vendor B Wi-Fi vendor B more aggressive Vendor A Wi-Fi vendor A less aggressive Vendor A and B enterprise grade Wi-Fi APs with controller. 8 Aps with test AP Wi-Fi or LTE-U 15
LTE-U is a good neighbor regardless of Wi-Fi vendor Using Qualcomm Technologies LTE/Wi-Fi coexistence test chamber Wi-Fi 8X Wi-Fi or with LTE-U Vendor A Vendor B Mix of vendor A/B 8 Wi-Fi + Wi-Fi 6.5 8 Wi-Fi + LTE-U 6.5 8 Wi-Fi + Wi-Fi 3.9 8 Wi-Fi + LTE-U 8 Wi-Fi + LTE-U 4.9 8 Wi-Fi + Wi-Fi 5.8 5.8 LTE-U maintains overall Wi-Fi performance Average Wi-Fi throughput (Mbps) Vendor A and B enterprise grade Wi-Fi APs with controller. 8 Aps with test AP Wi-Fi or LTE-U 16
LAA Rel. 13 Live Demo Operator 1 Operator 2 All sites LTE + Wi-Fi Note: The data rates shown are only for the unlicensed spectrum, with only control and signaling traffic going over licensed spectrum 17
LAA Rel. 13 Live Demo LAA LAA Operator 1 Operator 2 Operator 1: still on Wii-Fi Wi-Fi performance not adversely affected Operator 2: One site changed to LTE Unlicensed ~ 2x Improvement Note: The data rates shown are only for the unlicensed spectrum, with only control and signaling traffic going over licensed spectrum 18
Ensuring fair coexistence between LTE unlicensed and Wi-Fi Working together across the mobile and Wi-Fi industries Minimum requirements Going above and beyond minimum requirements Spectrum regulations Power, bandwidth and emission levels Additional channel occupancy limits: specific access procedures required in Europe and Japan (LAA) Standards & specifications LTE-U for USA, Korea, India, other markets based on LTE R10/11/12 1 LAA for Europe, Japan and beyond defined in 3GPP R13 2 Conformance testing Coexistence and fairness test Expected to be more rigorous than Wi-Fi testing today Still allowing for differentiation Example: LTE-U forum specifications 1 With dynamic channel selection and CSAT - Carrier Sensing Adaptive Transmission required in the small cell.. 2 LAA Licensed Assisted Access, Work item approved in 3GPP R13 June 15. In addition, New RF band support (e.g. 5GHz) needed at both device and small cell 19
LTE Unlicensed development through industry collaboration LTE-U Forum Founding members Alcatel-Lucent, Ericsson, LGE, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., Samsung, Verizon all have stakes in LTE and Wi-Fi Coexistence specs published March 2nd 2015, updated June based on feedback, e.g. adding uplink and VoIP test cases Fair co-existence between Wi-Fi and LTE unlicensed LTE Unlicensed Wi-Fi 3GPP LAA Being standardized in 3GPP release 13 for completion 1H 2016 (ASN.1 freeze) Enhancements planned for release R14 and beyond 3GPP will develop coexistence / performance requirements and tests Collaboration and engagement Presented LTE-U to Wi-Fi Alliance and IEEE at standards meetings An LTE-U workshop for key cellular and Wi-Fi vendors/operators was held on May 28, 2015 with deep dive of technology Further collaboration on coexistence with industry is ongoing one-on-one and in industry groups Dialogue between 3GPP and IEEE802.11 & WFA throughout the LAA standard s development via presentations & liaison statements Open industry LAA workshop held 8/29/2015 in Beijing with presentations from IEEE 802.11, WFA and other key stakeholders Started dialogue between 3GPP and WFA on coexistence testing 20
MuLTEfire for 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum no licensed anchor 21
MuLTEfire: LTE-like performance with Wi-Fi-like simplicity LTE-based technology for unlicensed spectrum without licensed anchor channel MuLTEfire 4G LTE-like performance Enhanced capacity and range Improved mobility, quality-of-experience Hyper-dense, self-optimizing deployments Harmoniously coexist with Wi-Fi, LTE-U/LAA Wi-Fi-like deployment simplicity Operates in unlicensed spectrum Leaner, self-contained network architecture Suitable for neutral host deployments Broadens LTE technology & ecosystem to new deployment opportunities 22
MuLTEfire expands small cell deployment opportunities Deployments as a single access node, hotspot, or bigger clusters with mobility Enterprises Small Businesses Venues Residential/Neighborhood Unlicensed Spectrum Operates solely in unlicensed spectrum without licensed anchor channel Self-contained Simplified network architecture suitable for end-user deployments Neutral host Any deployment can service any device no SIM required 23
Extending the Benefits of LTE to Unlicensed Spectrum 1 Wi-Fi 802.11ac/ad/ax LTE-U/LAA MuLTEfire Multiple solutions will coexist to meet needs of various deployment scenarios 3 LTE Wi-Fi LTE Unlicensed coexists fairly with Wi-Fi in many cases a better neighbor than Wi-Fi itself 2 Aggregation with licensed spectrum for best performance: LTE-U/LAA carrier aggregation LTE - Wi-Fi link aggregation 4 Committed to LTE Unlicensed, the Wi- Fi evolution, and LTE Wi-Fi convergence solutions 24
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