Page 1 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Construction Conflict in Kingston! You will use data from Kingston, Ontario in this activity. If you can get your hands on data from your own town, you can certainly make effective use of it. This exercise has you learn a number of new GIS skills. They get to the heart of what GIS is all about. GIS Skills Scenario Thematic Mapping Geocoding Attribute Query Spatial Query - buffering Spatial Query intersecting Joining Tables spatial join Summarizing Data Joining Tables attribute join Working With Null Values Creating a Printable Map Saving a Project Princess Street, the main street in Kingston, Ontario is going to be resurfaced and rebuilt over the course of two months. The City of Kingston has issued a contract which states this work must be completed by August. Unfortunately, this construction coincides with prime tourist season during the summer months. The municipality of Kingston has agreed to compensate businesses 1000 dollars each for this loss of revenue. However, the council has decided that it will limit the extent of its compensation to businesses that are within 50 meters of the street. Role A: Municipal Michelle The city of Kingston wants to know what kind of impact this construction will have on local businesses. You are a municipal council member. Your task is to determine the following: How much money the city will have to compensate business owners? Calculate the number of employees who will be temporarily laid off during this period. Find out how many residents in the immediate area of the street will be affected. Produce a map of the affected area.
Page 2 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Role B: Restaurant Rick You own a restaurant on Princess Street. Kingston s summer construction plans will devastate your business! Your restaurant falls within the 50 meter compensation limit. You ve calculated your potential losses and realized that $1000 dollars will not come close to compensating your restaurant. The construction will result in a significant loss of revenue for your restaurant, a loss of income for your employees and an inconvenience to your customers. You ve decided to relocate away from the construction. You need to determine the following: Where is your competition located? What areas are lucrative for the restaurant business? This knowledge will increase the chances of your new store being a success. After you ve conducted this preliminary research, decide the following: Of the currently available properties in Kingston, Ontario, what is the best site for your restaurant? Important!!! Please, Please, Please: read each step first, before doing the operations in ArcView. Preface Getting to know ArcView Menu Bar contains ArcView pull-down menus grouped by function type. (E.g. File» Exit) Button Bar Contains ArcView command buttons. Click a button once to execute a function (E.g. Project Save) Window Title Bar Use to select a window and move windows around the screen Tool Bar Contains ArcView tools. Click a tool and it becomes active (pushed in). Apply the tool inside a document to execute the function. (E.g. Zoom In) Tool Tips With ArcView 3.x and above, hold the mouse pointer over a Button or Tool to get it s name. Also look in in the Status Bar
Page 3 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston ArcView Dialog Boxes and Windows.. Not all ArcView Dialog Boxes and Windows have a Close or an OK button. Those that do not, you can close the window using the window control button: Windows 3.x and NT 3.5, Double click the Window control button In Windows 95 and NT 4.0, single-click the window close button In Macintosh, single-click the window close button. ArcView Project Window: The Project Window shows Icons for ArcView s five main document types that make up your project. These are: You open, print or create documents using these buttons. Your documents are listed here. Choose a document type from these icons. Views Views contain the map data or Themes. You can think of the Themes as layers of geographic data. Tables Tables are the spreadsheet representations of the attribute data attached to your map data. Charts chart and Graph displays of you data pie charts, bar charts etc. Layouts Layouts are where you assemble your map for printing it s like your final printed page. Scripts Don t worry about scripts now. Scripts are used to enter Avenue code to customize ArcView. At any time, you can get back to the project window and select new or existing documents by choosing the appropriate icon, and then one of the Command Buttons. You also may have noticed that the Menus, Buttons and Tools across the top of the ArcView window change depending on what document type you have active. ArcView Document GUIs Each document type has it s own menus, buttons and tools. This may seem daunting at first, but actually makes a lot of sense. Rather than having all the Menus, Buttons and Tools (there are hundreds) on the screen at once, cluttering your workspace, these GUI components are assigned to particular documents and visible only when appropriate. For example, you cannot Zoom In on a table, nor can you Add Fields to a Layout.
Page 4 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston The Project GUI: There are a limited number of Menus and Buttons, and no Tools for the Project GUI. This is because from the Project GUI, you are usually interested in openning and saving projects, or you are on your way to another document, which is where all the work is done anyways. The View GUI: The View GUI has the functions you will use the most in your ArcView session. There are Buttons and Tools here for panning and zooming around your map, selecting records and map entities, and creating and editing features. There is also a Scale window on the Tool bar, and the Coordinate readouts.
Page 5 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston The Table GUI: The Table GUI contains all the table manipulation controls. You will use this GUI when it s time to Join tables, or work with the data in your spreadsheets. The Layout GUI: A Layout is where you assemble all the components of your work into a final map for printing. The most important Tools here is the Tool Drop-Down containing all the Frames that hold the various map components. A Final Note Just as GUIs change from document to document, certain extensions or customized ArcView projects may have altered GUIs. The above pictures are the Default, or Outof-box ArcView GUIs.
Page 6 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston ArcView the Active GIS The Active Document This is the document window that you are currently working in. When you open a document from the Project Window, it automatically becomes Active. You need to make a document active before you can work with it. The Active document determines what Menus, Buttons and Tools (the Active GUI) you see on the screen. There are several ways to make a document active. In the Window Menu, all the open documents are listed (remember, you may have documents in your project that are not open, but are still listed in the Project Window). You can make any document Active by selecting the name of the document from the list in the Window Menu. The Window Menu appears on all document GUIs. You can return to the Project Window, and select your document a click on the Open button. If you click on the Window Title Bar of a document, it becomes Active. The Active Theme In a View, before you can work with a theme, it needs to be Active. Tools such as the Identity Tool only work with the Active Theme(s). To make a theme Active, Click on the Theme Name or Theme Symbol in the Table of Contents (the gray area on the left side of the View). The Active Theme(s) and the Visible Themes are set in the Table of Contents: Window Title Bar Theme Name Visibility Selector View Area (map) Table of Contents Theme Symbol
Page 7 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Appearance State NOT VISIBLE, NOT ACTIVE In this state, a theme will not be displayed on the map view, and will not be selectable by tools such as Identify. Visible, Not Active Here, the theme will be displayed on the map view, but will not be selectable by tools such as Identify. Not Visible, Active Now, the theme is not visible, but can be selected by tools such as Identify. Visible, Active In this state, the themes will be visible, and will be selectable by tools such as Identify.
Page 8 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Exercise 1: Municipal Michelle s Mission Part A Thematic Mapping 1. At the Project window, select the View icon and then click on the New button. 2. Once the View is up, click on the Add Theme button. This brings up the Add Theme Dialog Box: When done, click OK File List: ArcView will list the available data sets here. Hold [SHIFT] to select more that one data set. Choose a new Drive here Directory: If you prefer, you can type the path here. Folders/Directories: Double-click the yellow folder Icon to open the next level down. From here, find the directory path c:\kingston\data.
Page 9 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 3. To do this: Go to Drives. Scroll down the list and click on c: 4. Double click on the Kingston directory that appears in the dialog box on the right hand side. Then double click on data. 5. To open the files called enumarea.shp and lakes.shp, hold down the [SHIFT] key and click once on each file. These are the enumeration areas for Greater Kingston Area and the surrounding bodies of water. Click on OK. 6. Turn them on (make them visible) in the View to see them. Click on the small box beside the theme name in the Table of Contents. 7. Maximize your screen by clicking on the small square in the top right corner of your View. Active Theme (raised). Click once on the Theme Name to make it active Theme Visibility On Off Theme Name. Double-click the Theme Name to bring up the Legend Editor Table of Contents (Gray Area) Map Area. Your map appears here. 8. ArcView chooses random colours when you first bring themes up in a View. Some of the colours, for example the lakes, may not be very appropriate and you may want to change them. To do this double click on the theme name in the Table of Contents to open the Legend Editor:
Page 10 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Fill Palette Pen Palette Maker Palette Color Palette. The Paint Brush brings up the Color Palette. When the Palette Window is open, choose this button, then select the colour you want from the colour picker (all the coloured boxes). Font Palette 9. Double click on the coloured box below the word Symbol. Click on the Paintbrush to open the Palette box and then choose a colour you like. Hit Apply in the Legend Editor and the colour changes. Close Legend Editor and the Palette Window.
Page 11 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 10. Now you are going to create a thematic map, which will show population. Doubleclick on the Theme Name (enumarea.shp) in the table of contents to open the Legend Editor again. 11. In the drop down list beside Legend Type, scroll down and click on Graduated Color. In the drop down list beside Classification Field, scroll down and click on Pop_91. Note the box changes. Hit Apply to make a simple choropleth map. Thematic Mapping ArcView supports several kinds of thematic maps. We call these Legend Types. Breifly these are: Single Symbol All the features in the theme are displayed with the same colors and symbols. This is useful when you only need to show where a theme s features are located. Graduated Color Features are displayed with the same symbol type, but the colors represent the progression of values for a data attribute you specify. Graduated Symbol The features are displayed with the same colors and symbols, representing a progression of values. This is the best way to symbolize data that expresses size or magnitude. Graduated symbol is only available for point and line data. Unique Value Each unique value in a theme is represented with a unique symbol. This is the most effective method for displaying categorical data. Dot Density The features of a polygon theme are displayed with a number of dots corresponding to a value. This method is good for showing how particular things are distributed throughout an area. For instance, a dot map depicting population will most likely have the strongest concentrations of dots along rivers and near coastlines. Chart The features are displayed with a chart. The components of the chart correspond to data attributes you specify, and the size of each part in a chart is determined by the value of each data attribute. You can specify whether the charts are pie charts or column charts. This is a good method for displaying the values of many attributes.
Page 12 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston You choose a new legend type here The Classify Button brings up more options such as changing the number of classes Here you select an attribute (field) to base the classification on This is the text that will appear in the Table of Contents. You can change this. These are the values used to define your classes You Apply your finished classification to your map here. Close the Legend Editor and examine your map. This map shows total population by Enumeration Area. You can see how simple it is to create a thematic map. 12. To create a population density map, you have to divide the population by the area. In ArcView you normalize the population data by the area of the Enumeration Area. Open the Legend Editor once again (Double-click on the enumarea.shp theme). From the Normalize By drop down list, choose Area_km. The sample legend changes. Click on the Classify button.
Page 13 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 13. In the Classification box change the Type to Quantile. (This means that each class contains the same number of features.) Click on OK. 14. When you click Apply on the Legend Editor you will notice a very different pattern on your map. ArcView defaults to a Red monochromatic colour ramp. This is a tad too intense and so you should change it to Blue-green monochromatic. Hit Apply again and close the Legend Editor. Part B Geocoding 15. You need to add the streets of Kingston to the View. Click on the Add Theme button. 16. From the directory path c:\kingston\data\, click on the file roads.shp. Click OK.
Page 14 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 17. Turn the theme visibility ON. Once again, you may want to go to the Legend Editor and choose a better colour for the roads, perhaps red. 18. Now you have to tell ArcView what units you want to work in. Under the View menu choose Properties. Set Map Units to decimal degrees and Distance Units to meters. Click OK. Units A common way of locating things on the earth s surface is to use Latitude and Longitude coordinates. The Map Units for the data you are working with are in decimal degrees (e.g. 45.5) rather than Degrees-Minutes-Seconds (45 30 0 ). ArcView supports other units as well, such as meters, feet or just about anything. For Distance Unites, you can specify anything we suggest meters as we are working in a relatively small area. Because the street file only covers the City of Kingston proper and not the whole of the Greater Kingston area, you will need to zoom in. 19. Choose the Zoom In tool, and drag a rectangle around the central core of Kingston. (Note that you may wish to change the area you are zoomed in to a few times as you progress along.) If you make a mistake, you can Zoom to Full Extent to return to the full map area.
Page 15 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 20. Return to the Project Window (Window menu, choose Untitled). Click on the Tables Icon in the Project Window and then choose Add. 21. From the c:\kingston\tables directory path, open the file business.dbf. This is a database of some businesses in Kingston. When you click OK, in the Add Table box, the.dbf file is opened in a Table Document, not a View. Note that it is a.dbf file and is not mappable as it stands.
Page 16 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston For a Table Document, ArcView reports to you how many records are in the table, and how many of them are selected. You ll see the Record Counter in the upper left area of the ArcView application: We want no records selected at this time (0 of 347). 20. Click the Clear Selected Features button before proceeding just to make sure. Next, you want to locate these businesses on our map. To do this, you have to geocode them to the shapefile of Kingston streets. What is Geocoding? Address geocoding in ArcView is a process that creates a theme based on address data in tabular form (business.dbf) and a reference feature theme (roads.shp) that contains roads and address ranges. ArcView will compare addresses in the table with the address attributes in the matchable reference theme. ArcView applies standards and rules to make decisions about whether addresses match. When a match is found, geographic coordinates are derived from the matched feature and assigned to the address. To make this work, ArcView needs to know what fields in the matchable reference theme contain the left and right address numbers, the name of the street and so-on. In this exercise an index has already been created for you! 21. Make the View window active (Window menu, View 1). 22. Before you Geocode, make roads.shp the Active theme.
Page 17 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 23. You are ready to Geocode! From the main menu choose View, and then select Geocode Addresses. You get the Geocode Addresses box. 24. Make sure the Reference Theme is roads.shp. Also, make sure the Address Table is business.dbf and set the Offset Distance to 15m. Leave everything else alone and click on Batch Match. After a few seconds, the Re-Match Addresses box will appear showing the results of your matching. The Good Match should show close to 100% Good Match. (90% or above is just fine).
Page 18 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 25. Click on Done and a new point theme will appear at the top of your Table Of Contents in the View. It will be called something like Geocd1.shp. (Don t worry if it says something else.) 26. Turn the new Theme On. 27. Make the new Theme active. 28. From the Theme Menu, choose Properties. In the Theme Properties box, change the name of the theme to something more meaningful than geocd1.shp. For our purposes today, we are going to call it businesses. 29. After you change the name, click on the Definition Icon, and then click OK.
Page 19 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 30. Change the name of the View to something more meaningful than View 1. Under View choose Properties and then type in a name (perhaps Kingston ). Remember to choose this name when we refer to View 1 from this point on. Part C Attribute Query Now it is time to find out which stores are within 50m of the Princess Street. 31. First, make roads.shp your active theme. 32. From the Theme menu, choose Query. This brings up the Query Builder dialogue box for the roads.shp. Use this Query Builder to construct the following query: [Name] = PRINCESS Hint: To use the Query Builder, you double-click on the Fields ([Name]), single-click on the operator button ([=]) and then double-click on the Value ( PRINCESS ). You ll have to scroll down to see PRINCESS. Alternatively, you can simply type the entire query in the large white box.
Page 20 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 33. Click on New Set and close the Query Builder. Use the Zoom to Selected button to see all of Princess Street, which is highlighted with a yellow line. Part D Buffering (Spatial Query) Spatial Queries ArcView provides several spatial query types which appear in the Select By Theme box: Are Completely Within - selects features in the target themes if they fall completely within one or more of the selector theme's features. Completely Contain - selects features in the target themes that completely contain one or more of the selector theme's features Have their Center In - selects features in the target themes if their center falls inside the selector theme's features. Contain the Center Of - selects features in the target themes that contain the center of one or more of the selector theme's features Intersect - selects features in the target themes that intersect the features in the target. Intersection implies that at least one point is common to both the selector and the target or one of them is completely within the other. If the selector and target are the same, Intersect will select adjacent features. Are Within Distance Of - selects features in the target themes that are within a specified distance of the selector theme's features. You can specify the type of distance units in the View Properties dialog box. 34. Make businesses.shp the Active theme in the Table of Contents. 35. From the Theme menu, choose Select By Theme. In the Select By Theme box, in the drop-down box under the selected features of choose roads.shp. 36. In the drop-down box under Select features of active themes that choose Are Within A Distance Of. Under Selection Distance type in 50.
Page 21 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Click on New Set. Yellow dots appear on the screen. These selected businesses are those that are within 50m of Princess Street.Open the attribute table for the businesses.shp theme. 37. Use the Promote button to move all the selected records to the top of the table. They are, of course, the yellow coloured records. To find out how many businesses are within 50m of Princess Street, look in the Record Counter. You can now calculate the amount of money the government will have to pay out. Write down your calculations here: Selected Businesses Amount of Compensation Total Amount X $1,000.00 = 38. To find out the number of employees affected by this engineering marvel, in the attribute table, click on the field header called Employees. Notice that when you do this, the header appears pushed in. 39. From the Field menu, choose Statistics and a report box opens. The Sum is the total number of employees who won t be able to work. Notice what else is provided in this window. Click OK when you are sick of staring at it. Write down the number here: Number of affected employees: Part E Select by Intersection (Spatial Query) 40. For this next step, we need to return to the View (you may want to close the Table
Page 22 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Documents the screen could be getting cluttered by now). Make the View Window active. Double check that Princess Street is still selected (highlighted) in the roads.shp theme. 41. Make enumarea.shp the active theme in the table of contents. 42. From the Theme menu, choose Select By Theme. This brings up the Select By Theme window again. This time, you want to select features of active themes that Intersect the selected features of roads.shp 43. Hit New Set. Some of the Enumeration Areas are now shown in Yellow. These are ones within that intersect Princess Street that is, Princess Street borders or runs through these Enumeration areas 44. Open the attribute table for enumarea.shp. Use the Promote button to move all the selected records to the top of the table. Again, they are the yellow coloured records. Same as before, to find out the number of residents affected, click on the field header called Pop_91. 45. From the Field menu, choose Statistics and the same report box opens. The Sum is the total number of residents living in those areas bordering on the construction site. Write the answer here: Number of affected residents: Part F Finishing Touches 46. Now, we want to create our cartographic output to accompany your report. Return to the View window (go to the Window menu, and choose Kingston ). 47. Some features are currently selected (yellow). This will spoil our cartographic
Page 23 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston output. So, make all four themes in the Table of Contents active - hold down the Shift key, while you select each theme. 48. Choose the Clear Selected Features button to unselect all the features. You should see no yellow features on your View, and it should now look something like this: 49. Choose the Zoom In tool, and drag a rectangle around the central core of Kingston. Choose a relatively small area in the central core of Kingston. 50. Use the Label Tool to indicate Princess Street. To do this, click on the Label tool and then click on Princess Street. The name should automatically appear. (Note, you need to make sure that roads.shp is the only active theme first).
Page 24 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Part F Saving the Project 51. Save the Project now. Under File choose Save Project. You will be prompted to enter a file name. Make sure the directory path is correct. Ask the instructors for the exact path and location where you can save your project. Call your project Kingston.apr.
Page 25 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston You are only prompted for the name of the project file the very first time you save. On subsequent saves, ArcView will automatically save the project using the same name. You have completed your task! The committee as well as local business people will review your results. GOOD WORK!
Page 26 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Exercise 2: Relocating Rick s Restaurant Part A: What s Best For Your Business? You own a restaurant on Princess Street. Kingston s summer construction plans will devastate your business! Your restaurant falls within the 50 meter compensation limit. You ve calculated your potential losses and realized that $1000 dollars will not come close to compensating your restaurant. The construction will result in a significant loss of revenue for your restaurant, a loss of income for your employees and an inconvenience to your customers. You ve decided to relocate away from the construction. You need to determine the following: Where is your competition located? What areas are lucrative for the restaurant business? This knowledge will increase the chances of your new store being a success. After you ve conducted this preliminary research, decide the following: Of the currently available properties in Kingston, Ontario, what is the best site for your restaurant? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. Go back to the Project window (go to the Window menu and select Kingston.apr) and open a New View. Adding Themes 2. We need to add themes to this New View! 3. Click on the Add Theme button. You will be presented with the Add Theme dialog box. 4. From here, use the path c:\kingston\data to find the roads.shp file, the enumarea.shp file, and the rest.shp file. (Remember, to choose all the files at once, hold down the shift key and click on the names of each theme.) Click on OK.
Page 27 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 5. The themes you have selected will appear in the Table of Contents. 6. Turn each of them On. Remember to place rest.shp at the top of the Table of Contents so you can see all of the restaurants. To do this, click on rest.shp and drag the theme to the top of the Table of Contents. 7. When the rest.shp theme appears at the top of your View Table of Contents, make sure the Visibility of rest.shp is On. Make rest.shp the Active theme and Zoom In to see certain areas more clearly (rest.shp is a point theme that shows the location of existing restaurants). 8. While rest.shp is the active theme, use the Identify tool to examine some of the attributes associated with the restaurants. 9. We are interested in the Revenue_97 field - the total revenue for that restaurant. Close the Identify Results window. We will now make an assumption that those restaurants with high revenues are located in areas conducive to the restaurant business. We want to find out the average revenue of restaurants for each Enumeration Area (EA). To do this, we need to
Page 28 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston somehow total the revenue of all the restaurants in each EA, and then transfer the average revenue to the EA attributes. Part B: Joining Tables Spatial Join 10. While rest.shp is still the active theme, open the Attribute Table. This brings up a table called Attributes of rest.shp. 11. We also need to bring up the attribute table for the Enumeration areas. From the Window menu, choose your View 1. 12. Make enumarea.shp the active theme. Open the Attribute Table. This brings up a table called Attributes of enumarea.shp. 13. Push in (select) the Shape field from the Attributes of enumarea.shp table. 14. From the Window menu, choose Attributes of rest.shp. 15. Push in (select) the Shape field from the Attributes of rest.shp table. 16. Next, click on the Join button. The Attributes of enumarea.shp table will disappear, that s OK. What you will notice is that if you scroll right in the Attributes of rest.shp table, the fields from the Enumeration Areas have been joined to the Attributes of enumarea.shp.
Page 29 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Employees, Address etc. come from the Attributes of Rest.shp table. These are the point attributes. Ea, Area_km etc. come from the Attributes of Enumarea.shp table. These have been joined. This table now tells us what Enumeration Area (Ea field) each restaurant falls in. Part C: Summarizing Data What is it we re after here? We want to know the average restaurant revenue by Enumeration Area. So far, all we have done is figure out what Enumeration each restaurant falls in. In other words, we want to summarize the data, based on the Enumeration Area (EA). That is, for each unique EA, summarize (average) the 1997 restaurant revenue. 17. Select (push in) the Ea field selector: Then, choose the Summarize button. You will be presented with the Summary Table Definition dialogue box.
Page 30 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 18. From the Field dropdown, choose Revenue_97 19. Click Add to place this new field in the table. 20. Click OK to create the table. ArcView creates a brand-new table called sum1.dbf. The fields in this table are: EA The enumeration area Count The number of restaurants Ave_Revenue_97 Average revenue 1997 Save It Now! Part D: Joining Tables Attribute Join To map the results we have in our summary table (sum1.dbf). We need to join this table to the enumarea.shp theme. 21. From the sum1.dbf table, push in (select) the Ea field. 22. From the Window menu, choose View 1.
Page 31 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 23. Make enumarea.shp the active theme. Open the Attribute Table. This brings up a table called Attributes of enumarea.shp. 24. Push in (select) the Ea field. 25. Click the Join button. The sum1.dbf table will disappear. The Attributes of enumarea.shp now has all the values from sum1.dbf joined on to it. Some cells are blank, as not every Enumeration Area has a restaurant in it, so the average restaurant revenue (Ave_Revenue_97) for these areas is blank or Null. Part E: Working with Null Values 21. Return to the View window from the Window menu choose View 1. 22. Make sure enumarea.shp is the active theme, and click on the Edit Legend button. 23. From the Legend Editor, set the Legend Type to Graduated Color. 24. Set the Classification Field to Ave_Revenue_97 25. Change the color Ramps to Yellow Monochromatic. This makes a standard Graduated Color legend. We need to account for those Enumeration Areas that have no restaurants, and hence no value for Ave_Revenue_97. 26. Click on the Null Values button. 27. From the Null Values dialog, make sure the Display No Data Class option is checked:. 28. Click OK.
Page 32 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston 29. This will bring you back to the Legend Editor. You have to choose a symbol to use to display the No Data Class. Double click in the blank cell in the Symbol column, beside the No Data class. Double click here 30. You will be shown the Fill Palette window. Select the Color Palette 31. Make sure the Color drop down reads Foreground. 32. Choose a light gray colour. 33. Change the Color drop down to Outline. 34. Select Black. 35. Close the Color Palette. 36. Make sure your Legend Editor looks like this. 37. Click on Apply. 38. Close the Legend Editor.
Page 33 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Part F: Geocoding Addresses 39. From the Window menu, choose Kingston.apr. This brings you back to the Project Window. 40. Select the Tables icon and click on Add. You will be presented with an Add Table dialog. This is very similar to the Add Theme dialog you worked with in Part A. 41. In the Add Table dialog box, use the path c:\kingston\tables to locate a file called listing.dbf. Click OK once you have selected this file. When done, you ll see a new Table Document, called listing.dbf. This table (listing.dbf) contains all the commercial properties that are available for sale in Kingston. It shows the address (Address) and the asking price (Askprice) for the property. You are going to Geocode these addresses, and will ultimately choose one of these as the site for your new restaurant. 42. To go back to the View, from the Window menu, choose View 1. 43. We must remember set Map Units for our View. Under the View menu, select Properties. Beside Map Units, select decimal degrees, and beside Distance Units, select meters. Click OK. 44. From the View menu, choose Geocode Addresses.
Page 34 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston You will be presented with the Geocode Addresses dialogue box. 44. Change the Address Table to read listing.dbf. 45. Change the Offset Distance to 10m 46. When you have set these options, choose Batch Match
Page 35 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston ArcView will report the results of the geocoding to you. In complex geocoding tasks, you would have the option of rematching addresses. 47. For now, all nine addresses should geocode. Click Done. ArcView will add a new point theme to the top of your view Table of Contents, called geocd1.shp. 48. Turn the visibility of this theme ON. Part G: Bringing it all Together! Visually inspect your Map. Choose a possible candidate from the geocd1.shp theme. Consider the following: Is a potential site located in or near an Enumeration Area (EA) with high average restaurant revenue? Is the potential site located in an area that already has many other establishments? Could the market in this area be saturated? How does the asking price of the site compare with others for sale? Once you have decided on a site, select that site using the Select Features tool. Use some of the GIS skills you have learned in this exercise to make a printed map that will highlight some of the reasons for your selection: Use the Zoom in tool to inspect the neighborhood you ve chosen. Use the Label tool to indicate the name and location of your restaurant. Count the number of restaurants within 500m by doing a Spatial Query. (Hint! Look at the Record Count for your answer)
Page 36 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston Part H: Print Out Your Map! 49. You now want to create a map Layout from your View 1. From the View menu, choose Layout. This will bring up the Template Manger: 50. Select Landscape, and click OK This creates a brand new Layout document. Examine what you see. A Layout is comprised of a page (the shadowed box) and some map elements the map itself, map title, scale bar, north arrow and legend. You can rearrange,
Page 37 of 37 ArcView GIS Kingston remove or manipulate any of these elements. For now, we will accept the map as it is. If the computer that you are working on is hooked up to a printer, you could print your Layout, and it would appear exactly as you see it here. Alternatively, you can export your layout in as a Windows bitmap (BMP) and import it into other applications, such as Microsoft PowerPoint. (If you d like, perform the following steps to also print out a copy of your View 2) Congratulations! Not only are you a GIS professional, you are also a successful restaurant owner!!!