The effect of investment in the Industrial Estates in Palestine on the job creation opportunities

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Abstract This research aims at determining the effect of the investment in industrial estates on job creation opportunities and at identifying the obstacles and constraints that face investors in industrial estates. This study attempts to respond to the research problems that reveal the weaknesses of industrial estates in Palestine in attracting the local and foreign investments, thus it reduces their ability to create job opportunities and reduces the unemployment. In addition, the research shows the main reasons behind this problem which are the weakness and unimplemented incentives, privilege and exemptions, insufficient investment laws and regulations, repeated closures of the borders, weak financing policies and political and security instability. This research population involves 100% of the working companies in Gaza Industrial Estate (GIE). According to the Palestinian Industrial Estates and Free Zones authority (PIEFZA), the working companies are (29) as of February 2007, the research sample covers all the study population, (29) questionnaires were retained back which means (100%) of the responders. This study magnifies some important results such as the improper conditions and activations of the privileges and exemptions, unsatisfactory right and privilege presented to the employees, weak institutional setup and bureaucracy that lead to dissatisfactory of investors. This research also indicates that the current investment laws and regulations and financing policy are inadequate, political and security situations are instable, and the costs of investment and operating are high; all of these obstacles effect the ability of (GIE) to create job opportunities. As a result of that the growth rate of the employment is in a persistent down ward trend by 38% approximately from 1999 till 2007. Also this study has shown that the investors are completely relying on Israel in obtaining the raw materials, they depend on the self financing, and they market the most of their products in the Israeli markets especially in matter of garment and furniture industry. The majority of employees work in industrial sector particularly in garment industry. Most of them are skilled males, and their recruitment depends on experience then on education. Lastly this study provide multi-regression model to estimate the volume of employment in GIE. Finally, This research recommends a series of recommendations such as, it is necessary to review and activate all the agreements, polices and laws that

encourage investment in industrial estates. It is important to activate the privileges and exemptions that are provided to investors, to work on funding policies encourage investors, and to control political situation and security instability in Gaza strip, It is also necessary to seek the investment marketing in industrial estates to Arabic, Islamic and foreign countries to ease the economic dependency on the Israeli side and to reduce the rent and the services fees that are provided to investors in GIE. This study also submitted a proposal for the establishment of an industrial estate or a free zone in Rafah in cooperation with the Egyptian side.

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