Blind Browsing on Hand-Held Devices: Touching the Web... to Understand it Better Waseem Safi Fabrice Maurel Jean-Marc Routoure Pierre Beust Gaël Dias To cite this version: Waseem Safi Fabrice Maurel Jean-Marc Routoure Pierre Beust Gaël Dias. Blind Browsing on Hand- Held Devices: Touching the Web... to Understand it Better. Data Visualization Workshop (DataWiz 014) associated to 5th ACM Conference on Hypertext and Social Media (HYPERTEXT 014) Sep 014 Santiago Chile. <hal-01075380> HAL Id: hal-01075380 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01075380 Submitted on 17 Oct 014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad or from public or private research centers. L archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche publiés ou non émanant des établissements d enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers des laboratoires publics ou privés.
!!!$ %!&'(!!'!!$ %!&( )*+ ++- +.+/ 01 + ABSTRACT! $ % & '( )' (* + - + %.- - / % - & '(!0 1 & - +% + - + Categories and Subject Descriptors 3.453User Interfaces56 )6*-. 78- - General Terms -9 -.: -; Keywords ' - - - -+ 1.ITRODUCTIO 8<=- % '( >4-=? -@A % - B - - - C '( 8 '(!- +!- - D B - & - '( ):- EE<<< 4<<< < * CC 8 - : 35 D - 9 - - 9 % ) --*35 8 D D / '( 9 - &! - 8 B 9 ' )'* & - F + - % % B - '( - &- = @- :- C B77 CC B77 7
.STATE OF THE ART FOR VIP TECHOLOGIES '( - '+ 3=5 -! 3@5 -G )G! * 345 + + + - + % / & D D - $ 3A5 -DD 3E5 - '8 3>5 ( $.$; + -+ -D - - D - )9 * $ '( - 3?5- + + - + + + 3@5 + '( - + D + - - '6 $D +- + $(F9: )0$ ( 1*3<5 - D -.$; Figure 1. Representation of a web page by MAP-RDF model figure extracted from [10]. - /.$; : +- + 35- B ) > * D - ) *-=35- Figure. Different devices used in Tactos (Computer graphics tablet tactile simulators) figure extracted from [1]. + - -! + - + =< - % + 35 3.PROPOSED TECHIQUE : D 35!D! + - D % ) *! + ) * % - - D & ) $:< * - % D
& - )* - := - Figure 3. (a) The used micro-vibrator: the range of vibration frequency goes from 0 Hz up to 60 Hz. (b). The embedded system designed in the lab with the Bluetooth module. 4.PRE-TESTS PROTOCOL 4.1Objectives of Pre-tests 8H '(% 9 =- ) @*- 4 ) * 3=5-4 ) + * Figure 3. (a) The used micro-vibrator Figure 3. (b) The embedded system 4.Designed Protocol for Vibro-Tactile Access +) * @ ) D*- ) D* + - D ) I-J- - *:@ @ - 4 @ Figure 4 (a). Image a (Training task). Figure 4 (b). Images b (T) c (T3) d (TG) (Training task) Figure 4. Images of training task. Figure 5 (a). Image a (Evaluation task). Figure 5 (b). Images b (P1) c (P) d (P3). (Evaluation Task). Figure 5. Images of evaluation tasks. D- @) -)*- )=*- )6**- - =- 6- & - + &
D @ - 4 & - + 4-4-4- D - -! B 4 & D- % - 4 = % - 4 = % - 4-4 % - 4 )*- + + - 35 + - =- 6 ) & 4 D 4- - *- Table 1. Results of experiments of sighted persons for images T T3 TG. (Table extracted from [1]) > = =A A 6 =! - + = 5.RESULTS OF EXPERIMETS WITH BL PERSOS 5.1. Experiment steps: 4 B & -+ H- D- D + 5.1.1 Personal and technical questions 4 - D % & Table. Personal information of the blind persons 9 < = @ )J * + 9 A= AE 4? 4A =A $ : $ : : = 4 < 4! D + - -!= & )! ;+* + - - G!)G! *-'9)' 9 D *-8F- + Table 3. Used operating systems and screen readers! ;+ G! '9 8F + @ < @ < - D $D D-' ( 8 4!) ( *!+ - ( B : - GI -D ) 4 * 5.1. Explaining the objective of the test -+ H D - / + H H- & & D + 5.1.3 Training and learning task D- @) -)*-)=*- )6**- D
D-D+ 9 D- )I-J - ( -* @ - @ Table 4. Times of training task for each user (in minutes) User / Image 0 1 3 4 Total Average A 499 60 355 997 396 508 50 b (NT) 440 311 099 330 100 180 56 c (NT3) 81 69 54 85 115 1565 313 d (NTG) 311 398 0 3 13 1365 73 Total 1531 1599 910 1934 743!@ D - +! D! -+ 9@E@= )- - =- 6*- 9=?=@ 5.1.4 Evaluation task D- D 4 & &- D 4)9(*-4 )9(*-4)9(=*- - 4 & & 4) D 4- - * ) 4A- - I * Table 5. Results of questions for squares in image 4.a User-/ Square Name 0 1 3 4 NT X 1 NT3 X X NTG X X Number of errors! 4 - F & 9(- 9(-9(= %A Table 6. Answers of questions for images P1 P P3 9 9< 9 9 9= 9@ 9( = = = = = % I I I I I I I I I I I I I I! @- 4- A- 9@- - )( D '8* & )9(- 9(-9(=*- D : A 9@)9@ * Figure 6. Results of redrawing images P1 P P3 for the user 4.! ): A* 9(-9(-9(=- - B % - & )9(-9(-9(=* - ) - - -K* & & %E Table 7. Times of the evaluation task for each user (in minutes) User / Image 0 1 3 4 Total Averag e A 13 987 539 784 185 617 53 P1 439 1499 141 375 141 596 519 P 770 9 079 199 1385 3355 671 P3 71 194 81 403 158 3506 701 Total 1603 470 1039 1761 968
5.Results Analysis D - A ) E- <<<=- <=- <=-=<==*- Figure 7. The 16 areas of the touched-screen of user with 4 (Red points represent touched points with max pressure values blue points represent touched points with pressure values less than the max and greater than the average green points represent touched points with pressure values less than the average).! --- - =<-==-=-<< > + Figure 8. Most and least touched areas on the touched-screen. 9 - )( / + $:< * % - + - =?- E=- & + - + - :E + )9(= D @*% - H )+ * - - 9 &D- 6.COCLUSIO AD PERSPECTIVES - %D + & - + &) *- - + 7 ) & - D & - - -K* D + + 7 - L+ D L L L 7 + *.$; D - - - - * $D - =* -+ - + - @* / - D+ /+ -4*! -A* / Acknowledgment D F ) F B77
7* F9 H F8 <<<=< )M F + 9 N& * 6FJ )* )* ) * D F-H8 7.REFERECES [1] $-:-9-6-F-G$-'-$- -(- $-$---<Haptic Perception of Document Structure for Visually Impaired People on Handled Devices- (-'@-<-( =?=?- B>EE<4<? 98O B77+7<<A7H <<<=A 35$-:-'+--F-$-8--<<= Contribution of the Transmodality Concept to Improve Web Accessibility F -' -<<=-( >A?=/ - / B=>=>=I 3=5 B77 +73 E747<@5 3@5 B77 77 3 E747<@5 345 B77 73 E747<@5 3A5 B777 7 7 PO %Q O3 E747<@5 3E5 B777 7 7 PO DDQ O3 E747<@5 3>5 B7777 73 E747<@5 3?5--$ -J- --<Tactile Web+avigator Device for Blind and Visually Impaired People ( <G -G-< 98O B77+7<<?7<A=4? 3<5 -J-$H -$-8--'+--<<? Accessibility for the Blind an Automated Audio/Tactile Description of Pictures in Digital Documents -<<?-( B4?4?@ 98O B77+7<<?7<<?4E>44 35;--6-8-.--$&-- 6R--Sensory Substitution Limits and Perspectives S - -<<=-( BE4? 35+-$-;--; -6-6-8--9- Designing Interactive Content with Blind Users for a Perceptual Supplementation System <=-<=-( E - ---<=-(?=A 98O B77+7<@47@A<A4@A<AA= 3=5$F;-:-:-!--(-F88F-G$- <=+avigation aveugle sur dispositifs mobiles : toucher le Web... pour mieux l'entendre-am& 9T&-9A-;:- -<= 3@5F-$-SU----<<4A Tactile Web Browser for the Visually Disabled( + $.+.$- JD-J--<<4-4 98O B77+7<@47<>==4A<>==A