Contents 1 Introduction of Network Design 2 Current Status of International Backbone Network in ASEAN 3 Potential AP-IS Network in ASEAN 4 Challenges for AP-IS Network 5 Collaboration
01 Introduction of Network Design Process It is possible to design network architecture and functions only when service types have been clearly defined; to design network capacity only when traffic volume has been identified Basic Network Planning Process Check-list (Environmental Variable) Coverage Analysis (Geographical features) Existing Network Infrastructure Analysis Network Technology Selection BM Requirement (General info) Network Capacity Plan (Traffic volume forecast) Node Selection based on traffic volume Network Topology Design Requirement Negotiation Network Synthesis & Availability Change No Network Deployment / Operation Detail Design / Final Design Yes Economical Efficiency Cost Estimation
02 Current Status of International Backbone in ASEAN For utilizing existing network infrastructure, explicit current status will be mandatory. Myanmar Laos Key Findings No physical connection (Intra-ASEAN region) Thailand Vietnam Philippines - Laos-Myanmar - Malaysia-(Borneo) - Vietnam-Philippines (Sumatra) Cambodia Malay (Peninsula) Singapore Malay (Sarawak) (Borneo) - Malaysia(Sarawak)-Philippines Insufficient bandwidth or capacity - Laos-Cambodia International capacity pricing (Unreasonable to use) - Thailand-Cambodia Terrestrial Submarine Missing link (Java) Source: Terabit report (2013) Only ASEAN internal cable are considered
03 Current Status of Submarine Cables in ASEAN Unbalanced International connectivity is one of the reasons in Digital Divide in ASEAN. Myanmar (Sumatra) Laos Thailand Malaysia (Peninsula) Cambodia Singapore Vietnam Hong Kong Malay (Sarawak) (Borneo) Philippine 10 Consortium Submarine Cables - 7 cables in operation - 3 cables under construction International Connectivity - Excellent: Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand Key Findings - Good: Philippine, Vietnam - Poor: Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos Only submarine cables status opened in public media. (Java) Source: submarinecablemap.com
04 ICT Infrastructure Car Infrastructure ICT Infrastructure Road / Highway Fiber Optic Cable Car Factory Parking lots Data Center / Contents provider Road Maintenance and Construction Internet provider Drivers Internet Users
05 Network Design Traffic Forecast Concept Traffic forecast will play a pivotal role in estimating Network capacity Traffic Volume Road Width Number of Cables 2014 Current Traffic Road / Highway Fiber Optic Cable 2020 Traffic Forecast
06 Infrastructure Differences These infrastructure differences occur CAR (Information) cost and quality gap Narrow Road Width Wide Road Width Fiber Optic Cables Single Road route Various Road routes Various Network Routes No Traffic System Traffic Control System Network Control System
07 AP-IS Network Design Physical and Logical Design Overview These consideration will contribute to designing network topology, node, and link. Myanmar Laos Considerations for Network Design Geography Thailand Vietnam Philippine Landlocked City Distance Road Cambodia Infrastructure Cable Equipment Facility Utilization (Sumatra) Malaysia (Peninsula) Capacity Plan Singapore Historical Traffic Traffic Forecast Traffic Flow Center node General Node Main route Diversity route (Java) Routing Protocol Logical Design Quality of Service Redundancy
08 AP-IS Network Design Center Node Selection For AP-IS center node selection, geographic location, intra-asean connectivity, and International connectivity are the important factors. Country Geographic location Domestic Infrastructure International connectivity Intra-ASEAN connectivity Cambodia Lao P.D.R. Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam Considerations - The most important consideration was about the geographic location. As this project is aiming for well-balanced system - Domestic infrastructure such as IT, Transportation, Electricity infrastructure is one of the key factors for selection center node - The International connectivity would be very important factor as it is related to the connection to TASIM and SASEC - Intra-ASEAN connectivity is also important as it is directly related to the Capex of this project * remark: Factors as below would also be the key factors or Center Node Selection - Disaster: less disaster such as earthquake, tsunami area would be preferred - Volume of Traffic: The area able to handle more traffic would be preferred
09 AP-IS Network Design Physical Connectivity Modeling Three types of topology design based on network design components Index Star Ring Hybrid (Ring+Star) Topology Dual Center Center ~ Edge: Star Dual Center Center ~ Edge: Ring Three Center: Ring Center ~ Edge: Star CAPEX Medium High Low Management Easy Hard Medium Stability Low High Medium Scalability Easy Hard Easy
10 AP-IS Network Design Logical Design Model To efficiently control the traffic flow, optimal routing protocols need to be designed and selected. Local ISP AP-IS network Local ISP Nation 1 EBGP Nation 3 POP IGP(OSPF or ISP) MPLS(LDP) EBGP POP Nation 2 POP Edge Center Edge BGP MP-BGP Nation 4 POP * P : Provider, PE : Provider Edge AP-IS PE ~ Local ISP Recommendation on adopting EBGP Distribute bigger than C class address for the establishing routing table (Transit, Peering Policy) Direct peering with other countries by AP-IS L2 VPN AP-IS network (MPLS-VPN Backbone) Run MPLS-LDP OSPF or ISIS for the IGP Implementing FC (Fast Convergence) MP-BGP for transmit VPN Prefix, IPv6 Providing L2, L3 VPN service
11 AP-IS Network Design External Connectivity to EU, America For the fault tolerant interconnectivity to Europe and America, AP-IS network needs at least two POPs and links Index Option 1 Option 2 Topology AP-IS POP1 AP-IS POP2 AP-IS POP1 AP-IS POP2 Description 2 routes to Europe in POP1 2 routes to North America in POP2 Connecting TASIM in POP1, SASEC in POP2 Pros Minimizing the physical Latency Cons In case of failure in one AP-IS POP, external conn ectivity would not be secured Each route to Europe and North America in POP1 Each route to Europe and North America in POP2 Connecting TASIM in POP1, SASEC in POP2 In case of failure in one AP-IS POP, external connectivity would be secured Physical Latency gets worse compare to option1 Considerations Physical Latency, Network Redundancy, Connectivity NA & Europe PoP (example) POP: Point of Presence North America: San Jose, LA, Seattle Europe: Amsterdam, London, Frankfurt
12 AP-IS Network Design External Connectivity to SASEC, TASIM SASEC : West Main POP (e.g. - Thailand), TASIM: East Main POP (e.g. - Vietnam) in consideration of geo- spatial fiber cable route, Latency SASEC TASIM China 중국 Myanmar Laos Thailand Cambodia Vietnam Philippines Malaysia Singapore
13 Challenges for AP-IS Network Limited information of existing cable status is the one of the big challenges Myanmar Laos Hong Kong Challenges Limited data of international cables Thailand Cambodia Vietnam Philippine No guarantee to utilize existing cables, equipment, and facility etc. Traffic forecast variation by trend Construction Cost differences by (Sumatra) Malaysia (Peninsula) Singapore Malay (Sarawak) (Borneo) country Regulation, policy, negotiation issues to deploy fiber optic cables between countries or ISPs Terrestrial Submarine Missing link (Java) Source: submarinecablemap.com Source: Terabit report (2013)
14 Collaboration For more reliable and implementable Network Design, we need some more fact based information as below; ASEAN Connectivity Submarine & terrestrial cable status: Capacity, Route, stakeholder by country Submarine & terrestrial cable usage status by country Transmission topology, capacity, equipment status Capacity Planning International traffic status by country Traffic ratio by continent such as North America, Europe, and Asia Domestic/International traffic forecast (-2020) Node Positioning Existing IXP location by country Top 3 cities of traffic volume City disaster occurrence by country Collaboration with ASEAN through AP-IS Working Group