Why WAN accelerators (still) matter? Data Center Engineer
Presentation Data Center Engineer @ Cerved Group SpA Red Hat RHCE VMware VCP-DCV NetApp NCIE-SAN Cisco CCIE Who is Andrea Dainese Cisco Architecture Design Specialist VMware vexpert Cisco Champion Data Center iou-web and Unified Networking Lab author
Presentation Agenda 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - a real case 6. 7. 8.
Presentation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - a real case 6. 7. 8.
WAN Optimization VS Bandwidth Upgrade
Audience Dark Fibers VS Shared Lines
Presentation The TCP Protocol The TCP protocol 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - a real case 6. 7. 8.
The TCP Protocol The TCP protocol UDp [0,536 GB, 3,36 %] TCP Transmission Control Protocol ICMP [0,003 GB, 0,02 %] udp User Datagram Protocol ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol TRAFFIC (Inbound and Outbound) Total [15,968 GB] tcp [15,429 GB, 96,63 %] ICMP [0,003 GB, 0,02 %] tcp [15,429 GB, 96,63 %] UDp [0,536 GB, 3,36 %]
TCP Handshake TCP Handshake SYN 50 ms SYN, ACK 100 ms ACK 150 ms
TCP Windowing TCP Windowing Request Request 50 ms 50 ms 100 ms Segment 1 ACK Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 4 150 ms Segment 2 100 ms ACK 200 ms 150 ms 10 Packets/s 117 Kb/s 425 Packets/s 4980 Kb/s
TCP Selective Acknowledge TCP Selective Acknowledge Request Request Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 4 Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 4 ACK 1 ACK 1, SACK 3 ACK 1 ACK 1, SACK 3, 4 Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 2 Segment 4 ACK 2 ACK 3 ACK 4 ACK 4
TCP Slow start TCP Slow start 130 Packet Loss 120 Congestion window size (segments) 100 80 60 40 20 Congestion Control Exponential Growth Multiplicative Decrease Congestion Avoidance 1 2 3 4 5 6 Round Trips 7 8 9 10 11 12
Presentation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - a real case 6. 7. 8.
Replication: 27% web [2 %] SQL: 33% other traffic [37 %] Other Traffic (CIFS, e-mail, FTP, ): 37% sql [33 %] replication [27 %] other traffic [37 %] web [2 %] sql [33 %] replication [27 %]
NetApp SnapMirror Uncompressed Inter-DC Traffic CHARACT Unencrypted Oracle SQL Uncompressed Unencrypted ERISTICS FTP
Inter-DC Traffic CHARACT NetApp SnapMirror Uncompressed Unencrypted Oracle SQL Uncompressed Unoptimized! Unencrypted ERISTICS FTP
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - a real case 6. 7. 8.
WAN optimization: key elements Data deduplication Data deduplication
WAN optimization: key elements Data compression Data compression
WAN optimization: key elements Data deduplication Data deduplication and compression Data compression Data deduplication compression
TCP optimization Large initial windows tcp optimization Window scaling Advanced congestion avoidance Selective Acknowledgement Large buffer
Applications Object caching tcp Applications Local response handling Prepositioning Read-ahead Write-behind
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - a real case 6. 7. 8.
Before and after 200 M 180 M 160 M Traffic in bps 140 M 120 M 100 M 80 M 60 M 40 M 20 M 0 14 16 18 20 22 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 0 2 4 6 8
Before and after before After reduction Total 46.0 TB 13.9 TB 70 % Replication 11.8 TB 2.9 TB 75 % SQL 14.2 TB 4 TB 71 % FTP (Other) 17 TB 5 TB 70 %
Reduction (%) 80 240 70 60 180 50 40 120 30 20 60 10 75 65 55 45 35 25 15 5 0 0 15:00 18:00 21:00 0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00 220 200 160 140 100 80 40 20 Traffic (GB) Reduction (All Traffic) Time (h:mm) Original (All Traffic) Optimized (All Traffic)
4.5 Effective Capacity (X) 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 8/18 8/21 8/24 8/27 8/30 9/2 9/5 9/8 9/11 9/14 Time (M/d)
lz Optimized TFO, DRE, LZ DRE Original Optimized Reduction Transfer 725 MB 25 MB 96 % DRE 725 MB 92 MB 87 % LZ 92 MB 25 MB 73 % DRE OPTIMIZED LZ
A real case TFO, DRE, LZ
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - a real case 6. 7. 8.
Components of WAVE Appliance: http://goo.gl/cqegjp up to 150000 TCP connection, 96GB RAM, 4.2TB up to 6 virtual blades for installation WAAS for ISR: http://goo.gl/51eyq8 vwaas: http://goo.gl/8cxwfe up to 50000? TCP connection, 8vCPU, 48GB RAM Components of a waas solutions WAAS Mobile: http://goo.gl/zhw9cn WAAS Express: http://goo.gl/ujpftv CM/vCM up to 400 TCP connection, 10Mbps, 4GB RAM fully integrated into IOS, ISR G2 series
Inline Layer 2 Cisco WAE WAN Layer 3 WAN
Inline (with HA reachability) Layer 2 Preferred Path Cisco WAE HSRP Active WAN HSRP Stanby
Inline (with HA) Layer 2 Cisco WAE Cisco WAE WAN
WCCP Layer 3 4 3 1 2 WAN Cisco WAE
WCCP (with HA) Layer 3 WAN Cisco WAE Farm
Site B Autodiscovery Site A WAN Site C Cisco WAE Cisco WAE
Inline VS WCCP inline wccp Connected routers 1 Many Resources Transparent CPU Intensive Failover Mechanical bypass mode Keepalive HA Serial Parallel Scaling Scale-Up Scale-Out
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - a real case 6. 7. 8.
Do not optimize latency sensitive protocols (i.e. VoIP). Leave traffic uncompressed and unencrypted for better optimization Install root certificates for HTTPS optimization. Add WAAS to AD for Encrypted MAPI optimization. TIPS & TRICKS Use CIFS optimization for faster folder browsing on branch offices. Consider disabling Metadata Cache and local HTTP 301 Redirect (i.e. Joomla).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. - a real case 6. 7. 8.
Does WAN yes accelerators (still) matter?
thanks andrea.dainese@gmail.com http://www.routereflector.com/ http://www.linkedin.com/in/adainese @adainese