European Conference on Nanoelectronics and Embedded Systems for Electric Mobility emobility emotion 25-26 th September 2013, Toulouse, France Automotive Ethernet The Road Ahead Peter Hank, System Architect NXP Semiconductors, Germany
Presentation Outline Car Networks Innovation Landscape Mega Trends Shaping Automotive - What s next? The Connected Car - Vision towards the Thinking Car Car Networks in Future - Domain Architectures Why a New Standard: Automotive Ethernet? Ethernet roll-out - Ethernet Solutions BroadR-Reach Automotive Ethernet Outlook: Gigabit Ethernet for Automotive
Car Networks Innovation Landscape Peter Hank / NXP Semiconductors 3
The Connected Car
Clear-up the Network Topology Today Car Network Architectures are heterogeneous and historically grown How to apply concepts for connectivity, security, maintenance, diagnostics? Tomorrow Topology change from decentralized to hierarchal structure Paradigm shift for new vehicle networks is needed 5
Evolution towards Automotive Ethernet Gen1 Diagnosis (today) Diagnosis and flash download Gen 2 Driver assistance Surround view Adaptive cruise control Telematics Infotainment Gen 3 Backbone architecture Hierarchically domains Scalability High communication bandwidth
Domain Architecture Backbone bus
Why Automotive Ethernet? Car applications require more bandwidth and flexibility End users expect in the car same level of data availability as at home Future car networks re-use from non-auto and add auto requirements Enables high-speed communication inside and outside the car Network solutions for higher bandwidth are available but expensive Ethernet is a paradigm shift in design of next generation car networks Is a point-to-point communication vs. today s broadcasting networks Transports various kinds of data (control data, video streaming, etc.) To fulfil stringent robustness demands (Temp, EMC) across protocols
Re-using consumer technology The automotive industry has a need for higher bandwidth In-vehicle networking Learnings from the past Automotive technology development takes a long time [FlexRay] Technology development and standardization is expensive Re-use existing technologies from consumer domains The automotive industry needs Automotive Ethernet Automotive has higher physical layer requirements compared to the consumer world 9
Automotive Ethernet roll-out What is already available today? Numerous IEEE standards [802.3, 802.1, 1588 etc.] MAC s, PHY s and Switches used widely in commercial applications Software stacks such as TCP/IP, UDP, AVB, DoIP and more Several CAT5, CAT6 cables, connectors Conformance & interoperability tests for 100Base-TX and 1000Base-T What is needed to make Automotive Ethernet a success? Automotive qualified Integrated Circuits semi suppliers Establishment of compliance and interoperability test for BroadR-Reach Establishment of connectors, cables, channel simulation models Preparations for scalability and higher bandwidth IEEE (RTPGE) Configuration, monitoring, sniffing tools Automotive software stacks AVB, AUTOSAR, GENIVI. 10
Ethernet Solutions Point to Point Connections Ethernet switch Managed by Host Controller Includes MAC layer Store & Forward n-ports (n = 2. 12) Audio Video Bridging (AVB) VLANs (Virtual LANs) Traffic Shaping Quality of Service (QoS) w/wo integrated PHY Ethernet PHY Physical Layer Interface Used in end-nodes 100 Base-TX BroadR-Reach (100 Mbit) Gigabit
Automotive Ethernet MII 4B/3B 3B/2T PAM-3 PMD Standard Ethernet for Consumer & Computing market GMII 8B/9B 9B/4Q PAM-5 PMD MII 4B/5B NRZI MLT-3 PMD Ethernet Physical Layer Standards Per twisted pair 100Mbit/s, 125MBaud, uni-directional 100Base-TX (Fast Ethernet) >>> Transmit >>> <<< Receive <<< Per twisted pair 250Mbit/s, 125MBaud, bi-directional <<<Transmit & Receive>>> 1000Base-T (Gigabit Ethernet) <<<Transmit & Receive>>> <<<Transmit & Receive>>> <<<Transmit & Receive>>> Per twisted pair 100Mbit/s, 66.6MBaud, bi-directional BroadR-Reach <<<Transmit & Receive>>> Conclusion: BroadR-Reach Technology most promising for 1st generation automotive applications Due to the standardized MII interface, the PHY technology can be exchanged. Peter Hank / NXP Semiconductors 12
Outlook - Automotive Gigabit Ethernet IEEE802.3bp (RTPGE) Reduced Twisted Pair Gigabit Ethernet PHY Task Force Objectives Preserve the IEEE 802.3/Ethernet frame format Support full duplex operation at a speed of 1Gb/s Maintain a bit error ratio (BER) of less than or equal to 10^-10 Support 1 Gb/s operation in automotive & industrial environments (EMC, temperature) Less than three twisted pairs using balanced copper cabling for at least 15m for the automotive link segment Define optional Energy-Efficient Ethernet Draft spec. Nov 2013; Final spec. Q4 2014 Peter Hank / NXP Semiconductors 13
Summary Networks will move to hierarchical, domain-based architectures with backbone The factors cost, weight, and energy saving remain critical for success Networks develop in an evolutionary way, driven by open standards CAN, FlexRay remain for body and safety-critical communication Ethernet for backbone systems & high data rate networks Ethernet Use cases include end-of-line flashing, driver assistance systems, infotainment Peter Hank / NXP Semiconductors 14