GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity

GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity Part I: Review the Relevant Data Layers and Organize the Map Document In Part I, we will review the data and organize the map document for analysis. 1. Unzip the Data for Use in ArcMap a. Unzip the Lesson 7 data in your L7 folder. Since all of the data is included in this zip file, you do not need to worry about how you unzip the data. b. Familiarize yourself with the contents of the data included with this zip file. Refer to the Lesson Data section for additional information. 2. Organize the Map Document and Familiarize Yourself with the Study Area Since all of the datasets used in this lesson have the same projection, we do not have to be concerned with the order in which we load the data. a. Start ArcMap and make sure the Spatial Analyst extension is on. Create a new map and save it in your L7 folder. b. Add the "Study_Boundary," "Management_Units," and "Roads07" feature classes from the "L7Data.mdb" geodatabase located in your L7Data folder. c. Change the symbology of the layers as follows: Study_Boundary hollow red line; Management_Units unique colors by Use ; Roads07 black line. d. Rearrange the layers so the study area boundary is on top and the roads are on the bottom. e. Explore the attribute tables of the three feature classes. f. Update your Environment Settings: workspace to your L7 folder, output coordinates, mask, and extent to "Same as Layer Study_Boundary," cell size to 100 meters, and uncheck the Build Pyramids box. g. Add the "Imagery with Labels" ArcGIS Basemap to your map and drag it below the boundaries. Notice the location of the study boundary in relation to the country of Cameroon and the Congo Basin. h. Save your map. You may want to turn off the basemap to improve map loading speed for the rest of the lesson. How many of the management units are used for logging? What about conservation? Using the "Imagery with Labels" layer, can you see the approximate extent of the rainforests located in the Congo Basin? What kind of details can you see in the forest if you zoom in very close? GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 1 of 27

Part II: Create Habitat Quality and Forest Patch Datasets In Part II, we will use the roads dataset to create raster data layers of habitat quality and forest patches. In Part III, we will generate statistics about the size, shape, and habitat quality of each forest patch. We will use the following coded values: 1- Low Quality Habitat (Road Clearings) 2- Medium Quality Habitat (Forest, Edge Habitat) 3- High Quality Habitat (Forest, Interior Habitat) 1. Create Grid of Low Quality Habitat (Road Clearings) a. Open the "Roads07" attribute table and add a new short integer field named "HabitatCode." b. Use the field calculator to assign all of the roads a HabitatCode of "1." Clear the selected records. When you convert a feature layer to a raster, you have to choose a field in the feature layer from which to base the grid cell values on. You often need to create a new dummy field and assign a value that is consistent for all of the records you want to convert (like we did above). It is also important to note that if there are any selected records in the vector layer, only those records will be converted to a raster layer. Therefore, be sure to clear any selected features before performing the conversion. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 2 of 27

The data type of the field you choose is very important. For example, if you choose a numerical field that contains decimal values, the resultant grid will not have an attribute table. However, if you choose an integer field, the resultant raster will have an attribute table. If you choose a text field, ArcGIS will automatically assign each unique text value an integer code in a new field named "VALUE." The new raster layer will be created based on all defined Spatial Analyst environment settings. Always check these settings before converting features to a raster to avoid potentially undesirable results. c. Convert the roads feature class to a raster named "RoadsGrid" using the settings below: ArcToolbox > Conversion Tools > To Raster > Feature to Raster. d. Compare the "RoadsGrid" to the road centerlines. Make sure you zoom to several different scales. Open the "RoadsGrid" attribute table to view the results. It is important to note that although the extent setting is utilized by Feature to Raster, the mask setting is ignored. Although you will not notice this with the "RoadsGrid" layer, you will see the effects of this when you create a buffered grid later in this lesson. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 3 of 27

Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "RoadsGrid" raster should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. 2. Create Edge Effects Grid Remember from the Background Information section that edge effects can occur up to 2 km from roads. We will consider all areas 2 km from roads as "edge habitat" and areas farther than 2 km from roads as "interior habitat." To do this, we need to create a buffer of the road centerlines. a. Create a 2 km buffer of the road centerlines (Main Toolbar > Geoprocessing > Buffer) using the settings below. Save the file inside the Lesson 7 geodatabase. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 4 of 27

b. Compare the buffer to the road centerlines. You may want to use the measuring tool to double check your buffer is the correct width. c. Add a new short integer field named "HabitatCode" to the "Roads07_Buffer" feature class and assign it a value of "2" using the field calculator. The value of "2" corresponds to medium quality habitat (forested areas within 2 km of a road). d. Convert the road buffer to a grid named "EdgeGrid" based on the "HabitatCode" field. Be sure to pay attention to the cell size. Note: this may take a while to run. e. Compare the "EdgeGrid" raster to the "Roads07" and "Roads07_Buffer" datasets. Notice how the conversion tool did not follow the mask setting, as the raster cells with values extrude beyond the study area boundary. It may be easier to see the effect if you assign values of NoData in the EdgeGrid raster a color as we did in previous lessons. Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "EdgeGrid" raster should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 5 of 27

3. Create Interior Forests Grid a. Reclassify the "EdgeGrid" using the settings below. Name the output grid "InteriorGrid." b. Compare the "InteriorGrid" raster layer to the "EdgeGrid" and "RoadsGrid" layers. Notice how we were able to "flip" the areas with NoData. It is easier to see the effect if you turn off all of the layers except the Roads, InteriorGrid, and Study Boundary. It s important that you choose appropriate mask and extent settings when using this technique. Did the Reclassify Tool honor the mask and extent settings? Hint: Compare the InteriorGrid and EdgeGrid rasters along the study area boundary. c. As you have noticed grid cells with real values, 3 in your InteriorGrid, extend outside the Study_Boundary. The Reclassify command is one command that seems to ignore Mask and Processing Extent settings. So, we need to make adjustments here to reduce the area to our Study_Boundary. There are several way to accomplish this, one that I prefer GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 6 of 27

is to use the Raster Calculator command in the Map Algebra Toolbox. Simply multiply by 1. This has no impact on any values within your area of interest while restricting real values to the area specified by your Mask and Processing Extent settings returning. Be sure to double check your Environment settings to match those that we have been using all along. Name your output grid InteriorGrid2. Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "Interior2" grid should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. 4. Create Final Habitat Quality Grid In steps 1, 2, and 3, we created three individual grids, one for each level of habitat quality. To continue the analysis, we need a way to merge all of the data sets into one grid. The Mosaic to New Raster tool in ArcToolbox allows you to mosaic multiple raster data layers together by stacking them on top of one another. The values in the output raster will be determined based on the order the files are specified during the mosaic. Cells will first be assigned according to the cell values in the first input raster; all remaining null values will be filled in with the middle input raster, and so on. We want the roads to be on top of the stack, the edge habitat in the middle, and the forests on the bottom. a. Go to ArcToolbox > Data Management Tools > Raster > Raster Dataset > Mosaic to New Raster and enter the settings as shown on the next page. Name the new grid "HabMosaic." When adding the input rasters, pay attention to the order in which you add them. Along with the output location and the raster dataset name, you will need to assign a cell size and number of bands. The number of bands refers to a color map. Since we are not dealing with multiple band data, enter "1" to identify the new raster dataset as a single band layer. As mentioned above, we want the raster to be created based on a hierarchy from first to last. Therefore, we need to set the Mosaic Operator to "FIRST" so that the analysis runs as intended. You can leave the Mosiac Colormap Mode setting to "FIRST" since we are dealing with single band data. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 7 of 27

This tool does not honor the Output extent environment settings. If you want a specific extent for your output raster, consider using the Clip tool. You can either clip the input rasters prior to using this tool, or clip the output of this tool. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 8 of 27

Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "HabMosaic" raster should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. What value was assigned to areas with roads, since they have data in both the "RoadsGrid" and "EdgeGrid" rasters? Which habitat type (roads, edge, or interior) covers the majority of the study area? How can you calculate the area of each habitat type? b. Notice that the some edges of the "HabMosaic" grid fall outside of the study boundary. As mentioned earlier, this is because the Mosaic to New Raster tool does not utilize the extent environment settings. Therefore, we need to "clip" the data to the extent of our study boundary. To do this, we will use the Raster Calculator. Open the Raster Calculator (ArcToolbox > Spatial Analyst Tools > Map Algebra > Raster Calculator), click the "HabMosaic" grid to enter it into the expression window, set the output raster as "HabitatGrid" and click OK to run the expression. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 9 of 27

c. Compare the "HabitatGrid" to the "HabMosaic" grids to see how the Raster Calculator "clipped" the data. Hint: Zoom in to the study area boundary, The Raster Calculator utilizes all raster environment settings, so it is highly useful when working with raster data. As displayed above, simply selecting a raster layer and running the Raster Calculator will generate a new raster layer based on the current environmental settings. Try changing these settings to see the differences when running the Raster Calculator on a particular raster layer. Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "HabitatGrid" raster should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 10 of 27

5. Create Grid of Forested Areas We now have one grid with values showing the range of habitat quality within the study area. The next step is to create a grid of forested areas, which we need to create the forest fragments. We will use the "RoadsGrid" raster we created in Part II Step 1 to create a new grid representing forested areas (cells that are NOT roads). a. Reclassify "RoadsGrid" using the settings below: b. Compare the "ForestGrid" raster to the "RoadsGrid" raster. Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "ForestGrid" raster should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. You may need to adjust for the Mask and Processing Extent here as well. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 11 of 27

6. Create Grid of Individual Forest Patches a. Examine the "ForestGrid" attribute table. Notice there is not a way to distinguish groups of contiguous cells from one another. We need to be able to do this to determine which cells belong to the same forest patch. b. To accomplish this, we will use the RegionGroup tool. RegionGroup is an operation that takes adjacent cells with the same value and assigns them a unique value. So, in essence, it creates a grid with groups of cells similar to polygons in a shapefile. This is an important operation, since it enables further analysis with expressions and operations that require grouped regions, such as calculating the area and width of forest patches. c. Go to ArcToolbox > Spatial Analyst Tools > Generalization > Region Group, select "ForestGrid" as the input raster, name the output raster "ForestPatches", leave the number of neighbors to use as "FOUR", the zone grouping method as "WITHIN", uncheck the "Add link field to output", leave the excluded value setting, and click OK. d. Compare the ForestPatches attribute table to the ForestGrid attribute table. Notice how the attribute table now has multiple rows, one for each forest patch. The "Rowid" and "VALUE" fields both contain unique ID numbers for each contiguous forest patch. The "COUNT" field shows the number of cells in each forest patch. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 12 of 27

Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "ForestPatches" grid should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. e. The "VALUE" field is very important, since it uniquely identifies each forest patch. However, the default name assigned by the computer is not very meaningful. It would be very easy to forget what it means later on. It s also easy to confuse the "VALUE" and "Rowid" field, since they contain similar numbers. f. To prevent these issues, let s create a more meaningful attribute to keep track of the forest patches. Add a new short integer field named "ForestID" to the "ForestPatches" attribute table. Populate it with the numbers in the "VALUE" field. g. Change the symbology to "unique values" based on the "ForestID" field. Notice how groups of contiguous cells are now considered one unit. Also notice how the default colors assigned by ArcMap are not very meaningful. We will address this later in the lesson. h. The "COUNT" field is also very important, since it tells us how many cells are within each forest patch. As we saw in Lesson 5, we can use the number of cells and size of each cell to calculate area values. i. Add a new float field to the "ForestPatches" attribute table named "AREA_SQM." Use the field calculator to populate the field. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 13 of 27

Why did we use the number "100" to calculate the area? Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "ForestPatches" grid should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. How many individual forest patches are there? Which forest patch is the largest? Which forest patch is the smallest? Why do you think there are so many patches with an area of exactly 10,000 sq m? GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 14 of 27

Part III: Calculate Spatial Statistics of Forest Patches In Part III, we will use two Spatial Analyst tools to bring together the raster layers we created in Part I (habitat quality) and Part II (forest patches). Zonal Geometry calculates several geometry measures, such as area and thickness, for zones in a raster. We will use it to generate a table of statistics about the size and shape of each forest patch. We will also use the Zonal Histogram Tool to tabulate the number of cells of each habitat type within each forest patch and management unit. 1. Calculate the Geometry of Each Forest Patch a. Go to ArcToolbox > Spatial Analyst Tools > Zonal > Zonal Geometry as Table. Use the settings shown below. Name the table "PatchGeometry.dbf" and save it in your L7 folder. Make sure to include the.dbf file extension. Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "PatchGeometry" table should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 15 of 27

Which field in the "PatchGeometry" table is the equivalent to the "ForestID" field? What are the units of the fields "AREA," "PERIMETER," and "THICKNESS"? What do the values in the fields "XCENTROID," "YCENTROID," "MAJORAXIS," "MINORAXIS", and "ORIENTATION" mean? b. Add a new short integer field named "ForestID" and populate it with the values in the "VALUE" field using the field calculator. This step will make it easier to compare the Patch Geometry table with other outputs later in the lesson. c. Add three new float fields named TotAreaSQM, PerimeterM, and ThicknessM. Calculate them to equal the values in AREA, PERIMETER, and THICKNESS, respectively. This will help us remember the units of the calculations later on. 2. Calculate Habitat Statistics by Forest Patch The Zonal Histogram tool will create a summary table that contains one row for each unique value in the "Value raster" and one column for each unique value in the "Zone dataset." The tool will calculate the total number of cells for each combination of unique row and column. The tool can also create a graph based on the output table, which we are going to skip. a. Open the Zonal Histogram tool (ArcToolbox > Spatial Analyst Tools > Zonal > Zonal Histogram). Use the settings below and click "OK." Make sure to add the.dbf extension. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 16 of 27

b. Open the "Habitat_by_Patch" table. The "LABEL" field contain values equivalent to the "Rowid" field within "ForestPatches." The "VALUE_2" field contains the number of cells of edge habitat for each forest patch. The "VALUE_3" field contains the number of cells of interior habitat for each forest patch (Remember that we used codes of 1, 2, and 3 to represent the different habitat types throughout the lesson). c. These field names are not very intuitive, and we may forget what they mean later on. Let s add a few new meaningful fields to address this potential problem. d. Add a new short integer field called "ForestID" to the "Habitat_by_Patch" table. Use the field calculator to populate it with the values in the LABEL field. e. Add two new float fields named "Edge_SQM" and "Int_SQM." Calculate the fields as shown below (# of cells * cell length * cell width): f. Remember from Lesson 4 that it is a lot easier to compare multiple area values if you use percent of total area instead of actual area values. Add two new short integer fields named "PctTotEdge" and "PctTotInt." Calculate the fields as shown below. Notice the 100 in the equation is used to create a percent value and is not related to the 100 value we used in step e, which corresponds to the length and width of the raster cells. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 17 of 27

Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "Habitat_by_Patch" table should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. 3. Calculate Habitat Statistics by Management Unit a. Use the Zonal Histogram Tool to determine the amount of each habitat type by management unit as shown in the example below: Don t forget the file extension. What do numbers in the "LABEL" field of the "Habitat_by_MU" mean? Which management unit "use" has the most roads? GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 18 of 27

b. Add a new text field (length 20) named Habitat. Use the field calculator and the information below to update the new field. 1 - Low Quality Habitat (Road Clearings) 2 - Medium Quality Habitat (Forest, Edge Habitat) 3 - High Quality Habitat (Forest, Interior Habitat) c. Add two new float fields named LogSQM and ConsSQM. Add two new short integer fields named PctTotLog and PctTotCons. Calculate them using the technique we used in Step 2 e and f. Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "Habitat_by_MU" table should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. 4. Join Forest Patches to Geometry Table a. Since we no longer need the forest patches to be in raster format, let s convert them to a shapefile so they are easier to use. b. Convert the "ForestPatches" grid to a polygon shapefile using the settings below: ArcToolbox > Conversion Tools > From Raster > Raster to Polygon. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 19 of 27

c. Open the attribute table of the new shapefile. Notice how the "ForestID" values match those in the GRIDCODE field. d. Add a new short integer field named "FORESTID" and populate it with the values in the "GRIDCODE" field. Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "forestpatchpoly" shapefile should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. Note that this table has been sorted based on "ForestID". GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 20 of 27

e. Join the "PatchGeometry" and "Habitat_by_Patch" tables to the "forestpatchpoly" shapefile using the link fields shown below. f. Open the attribute table to make sure the joins worked properly. Notice how it is hard to view the attributes we are most interested in since there are so many fields. g. Right click on the "forestpatchpoly " shapefile > Properties > Fields, and click the "Turn all fields off" icon on the top left side. Add the check boxes back to the eight fields listed below and click "OK." ForestID TotAreaSQM PerimeterM ThicknessM Edge_SQM Int_SQM PctTotEdge PctTotInt h. Open the attribute table. Notice how it is much easier to interpret the results now. i. To make the joins and table design permanent, export the "forestpatchpoly" to a new shapefile in your Lesson 7 folder named Final_Forest_Patches.shp. j. Add the new shapefile to your map when prompted. Examine the attribute table. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 21 of 27

5. Calculate the Edge to Area Ratio of each Forest Patch a. Calculate the edge to area ratio for each for patch. Add a new double field named "EdgetoArea." Calculate it as shown below. Note: we are going to multiply the result by "100" to make the values easier to compare. Why is there such a large range of values for the edge to area ratio results? How would the results of the analysis change if we used a larger or smaller cell size? Make sure you have the correct answer before moving on to the next step. The "Final_Forest_Patches" attribute table should have the following information. If your data does not match this, go back and redo the previous step. Notice how the default outputs from many of the Spatial Analyst tools are not very easy to understand. It s worth the time to create more intuitive fields, units, and names while you are doing the analysis. That way you can easily interpret your results later on and share them with others in a meaningful format. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 22 of 27

Part IV: Share Your Results In Part IV, we will finalize our map in ArcGIS Desktop, then share it as a feature service and web map in ArcGIS Online. As a final step, you will combine this map with the output from the Advanced Activity into a web application. 1. Prepare Your Map to Publish in ArcGIS Online a. When you publish your map to ArcGIS Online, it preserves many of the features such as the extent and visible datasets. Let s begin by removing all of the data we do not want to include on our final map. Remove the base map, all of the data sets, and all of the tables (you may need to switch to the List by Source view in the Table of Contents) from your map except the following: Final_Forest_Patches, Study_Boundary, Roads07, and Management_Units. Save your map. b. Remove the underscores from the file names in the Table of Contents. c. Change the symbology of the Final Forest Patches to Quantities > Graduated Colors based on the PctTotEdge field. Select a color scheme and number of classes you think best represent the message you want to convey about the results. You may want to consult the Color Brewer website we covered in Lesson 1 for tips. d. Update the labels in the Table of Contents so the numbers in the Final Forest Patches make sense to your viewers. (What are the units? What s being shown?) e. Change the symbology of the management units to hollow outlines with a unique color for each Use. f. Review your map. Ask yourself the following questions: 1) What are the main messages I am trying to convey with my map? (Remember, you want to show the relationship between logging and forest health.) 2) Does my map design communicate these messages clearly? 3) Will someone unfamiliar with my analysis be able to use my map to make a decision? Make any changes you think are necessary and save your map. 2. Share Your Results as a Map Service on ArcGIS Online a. Go to File > Sign In. Log on to your account. b. Go to File > Share As > Service > Publish a service. Make sure the connection says My Hosted Services (Penn State Online Geospatial Education). You need to be logged in to see this option (File > Sign In). c. Name the service YourFirstName_LastName_L7. Make sure there are no spaces in the name. d. Keep all of the defaults in the Parameters, Tiled Mapping, Caching, and Advanced Settings sections. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 23 of 27

e. Under Capabilities, make sure only the Feature Access has a check mark. f. Under Item Description, add a meaningful summary, tags (GEOG487 and your name) and a description. g. Under Access and Use type For educational use only. h. Under Credits type Penn State, Geography 487 Lesson 7, and the date). i. On the Sharing section, check the box next to GEOG487 Environmental Applications of GIS Spring 2017. Please do NOT share with the public or the rest of Penn State s programs. j. Click the Analyze button in the top right corner. If there are any errors, correct them, then save your map. Click Analyze again. k. Click the Preview button in the top right corner. Make sure you like how your map service looks. Alter the symbology as needed. Save your map. l. Click the Publish button in the top right corner. 3. Create an ArcGIS Online Web Map a. Log on to arcgis.com > My Content. Make sure your map service shows up in your account. b. Double click on the Feature Service Name. Click Open > Add layer to new map with full editing control. c. Explore the map. Make sure the legend makes sense to someone unfamiliar with your project and the edits you made to layer names in ArcGIS Desktop were applied. Make changes as necessary. d. Click Save. Name the map YourFirstName_LastName_Lesson7. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 24 of 27

e. Share your map with the class as shown below (the group name will show the current semester as well). Notice the short URL listed in the Link to this map. ArcGIS online creates a shorted URL that redirects to the actual (and very long) URL of your map or application. It is easier to share the shortened URL on social media and through email. To access the short URL, open the map in the ArcGIS.com map viewer > Share. Notice that this is not the same as the Share button on the Details page. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 25 of 27

f. Save your map again. Go to My Content. Click on the small arrow next to the name of your map > View item details. Edit the information on the page that opens as follows: a. Summary: One sentence about what the map shows. b. Description: 3-4 sentences describing the main trends in the results. For example: Where are the best habitat areas located (conservation of logging management units)? What is the overall habitat health like in the study area? c. Access and Use Constraints: Type For educational use only. d. Tags: GEOG487 and your name. e. Credits: Penn State, Geography 487 Lesson 7, date, and the name of any classmates maps you used as a reference while creating your own. f. Save your changes. Your map and feature services are now available to view in ArcGIS Desktop and ArcGIS.com. You can test this is ArcMap by going to File > Add Data > Add Data from ArcGIS Online > My Groups (or My Data). How do you think it could be useful in your current or future job to share your analysis results in this manner? Can you think of any potential downfalls? GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 26 of 27

That s it for the required portion of the Lesson 7 Step- by- Step Activity. Please consult the Lesson Checklist for instructions on what to do next. Try one or more of the optional activities listed below. Explore the Global Forest Watch Interactive Mapping Website Many of the data sets we will use in the lesson were originally created by Global Forest Watch. Explore their website at http://www.wri.org/gfw2. Explore the USGS Global Visualization Viewer website Landsat satellite images were used to digitize the roads data we used in this lesson. You can read more about Landsat data on NASA s website: http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/. As of October 2008, Landsat data is available for free to the public. It can be viewed and downloaded from the USGS Global Visualization Viewer website at: http://glovis.usgs.gov/next/. Note: Try This Activities are voluntary and are not graded, though I encourage you to complete the activity and share comments about your experience on Piazza in the folder lesson7 with the tag #Try_This. GEOG 487 Lesson 7: Step- by- Step Activity; Author: Rachel Kornak, GISP. Updated 6/26/2017. Page 27 of 27