UNIT I - INTRODUCTION Generation and Classification of Computers- Basic Organization of a Computer Number System Binary Decimal Conversion Problems. Need for logical analysis and thinking Algorithm Pseudo code Flow Chart. PART A. State the various characteristics of computers. (Dec 0). What do you think about Super Computer? Give an example. 6. Give the advantages and disadvantages of using the first generation computers?. List some important hardware and software technologies of fifth generation computers. (June 0). List the advantages and disadvantages of third generation computers. 6. List out the classifications of computer. 7. Explain different components of a computer? (Dec0) 8. Compare RAM and ROM. 9. List down the various types of storage devices. (Dec0) 0. Solve: Convert (00) to octal. (Jan 06). Solve the binary and octal equivalent of hexadecimal number 7BD. (Jun009(FOC)). Perform the following converters :6. (0) to binary (Dec0(FOC)). Solve: Convert 0.7 decimal to binary system (Jan 00). Distinguish between program and algorithm.. Explain an algorithm to compute the factorial of a number. 6. Differentiate between algorithm and pseudo code. (Jan 06) 7. Design a flow chart to find biggest of two numbers. (June 0) 8. What do you think about flow chart? Why is flow chart required? (Dec 0) 6 9. Write the pseudo code to find the given year is a leap year or not. 0. Give the advantages and limitations of Pseudo code. PART B. Describe in detail about various generations of computers. (6) (May 0). (i) Explain the basic organization of a computer with neat diagram() (May 0) (ii) Explain the need for Logical Analysis with an example in brief. () (Dec 0). (i) Describe in detail about the classification of computers with their features and limitations(0) (ii) Describe the characteristics of computers in detail.(6) (Dec 0). (i) Assess various types of memories used in computer.(0) ( Jan 0) (ii) Explain the evolution of computers (6) 6. Solve the following: (i) Convert (6.) 8 to its decimal equivalent. () (ii) Convert (00.0) to its decimal equivalent. () (iii) Convert (9.68) 0 to its binary equivalent. () (iv) Convert the following numbers into their binary equivalent. () a. (FAC) 6 b. (6) 8 6. (i)explain the positional number system with base.(7) (Dec 0) (ii)convert the following numbers into decimal:(9) (Dec 0) () (0.) () (67.) 8 () (CAF) 6
7. 8. 9. 0..... Design an algorithm and flowchart to simulate the railway ticket booking process.(6) (Jan 06) (i)discuss the steps involved in computer programming (8) (ii)what is pseudo code? Write a pseudo code for swapping two numbers without using temporary storage. (8) (Dec 0) Explain sequence logic, selection logic and iteration logic design structure in pseudo code (6) (Jan 0) i)explain an algorithm to print the Fibonacci series(8) (June 009) (0,,,,,,8,, ) ii)explain an algorithm to find the largest of three numbers.(8) (Jan 0) i)construct the flowchart for finding the roots of a quadratic equation.(8) (Jan 0) (ii) Construct a flow chart to find sum of first 00 natural numbers.(8) (i) Explain the different symbols used in flow chart. Develop a flow chart to find the sum of first 0 odd numbers() (Dec 0) (ii)explain the advantages and disadvantages of pseudo code.() (i) Write pseudo code to sort the given N integer numbers in descending order.(8) (ii)write a pseudo code for calculating compound interest(8) (June 009) Describe the guidelines in detail while drawing a flowchart with examples and list out the merits and demerits of flowchart. (6) UNIT II - C PROGRAMMING BASICS Problem formulation Problem Solving - Introduction to C programming fundamentals structure of a C program compilation and linking processes Constants, Variables Data Types Expressions using operators in C Managing Input and Output operations Decision Making and Branching Looping statements solving simple scientific and statistical Problems PART A. Illustrate the structure of a C program.(june 0). Explain why header files are included in C programming.. State the importance of keywords in C? (May 0). List different data types available in C. (June 0). What do you think about variable? Give an example.(dec 0) 6 6. List various types of C Operators. (Jan 0) 7. Construct an example for Ternary operator. (Dec 0) 8. Distinguish between ++a and a++. 9. Define linking process.(jan 06) 0. Explain Logical AND and Bitwise AND?. List out the various input and output statements in C. (May 0). Distinguish statements while-do from do-while statements. (Jan 0). Compare switch( ) and nested-if statement.. List out the jump statements available in C and its uses. (June 0). Explain for loop with an example 6. Difference between while (a) and while (! a)? 7. Illustrate the use of sizeof( ) operator with an example 8. Construct C program to find factorial of a given number using iteration. (June 0) 9. Differentiate break and continue statement. 0. Illustrate continue statement with an example
PART B. (i) Describe the structure of a C program with an example program. (6) (Jan 06). (i) Describe in detail about different data types in C with suitable examples. (8) (ii) Define constants. Explain the various types of constants in C. (8) (May 0). Explain the different types of operators available in C with example.(6) (May 0). (i) Construct and explain the concept of operator precedence and associativity of operators with examples.(8) (ii) Explain the bitwise operator with an example.(8). Explain the following: (+++=6) i. Keywords ii. Identifiers iii. C character set iv. Expressions. 6. (i) Describe the different type of format specifiers.(8) (ii) Write a C program to generate Armstrong number between 00 and 999. (8) 7. (i)write a program to check whether a given number is prime or not. (8) (June 0) (ii)write a C program to find sum of digits of an integer.(8) (June 0) 8. What do you think about the various looping statements explain with suitable examples.(6) Jan 06 6 9. (i)write short note on branching statements in C (8) (Jan 06) (ii) Explain briefly about the input and output functions in C. (8) 0. (i)explain switch case statement with suitable example(6) (ii)give the syntax of for statement and explain with suitable example.(6) (iii)differentiate between signed and unsigned integer.(). (i) Illustrate with examples and describe the statements used for selection and iteration in C (6) (i)explain a C program to find roots of a quadratic equation. (8)June 0. (ii)differentiate entry and exit checked conditional constructs with an example (8)June 0. Write short notes on the following with an example: (6++) a. for loop b. while loop c. do while loop. (i) Construct a C program that reads a character and displays only the vowels using switch case structure.(8) ii) Construct a program in C language for listing and counting all the numbers divisible by and not by from to 00 (8) UNIT III - ARRAYS AND STRINGS Arrays Initialization Declaration One dimensional and Two dimensional arrays. String String operations String Arrays. Simple programs sorting searching matrix operations. PART A. What is an array? Give an example. (May 0). What are the different ways of initializing array?. Declare a float array of size and assign values to it (Dec 0). State any four features of arrays.. What is a base address? How it is accessed for a one dimensional array? 6. Illustrate with an example code to express two dimensional array.(june 0) 7. Illustrate with example for multi-dimensional array. 8. Compare one dimensional and two dimensional arrays.
9. Is it possible to declare an array subscript with float data type? 0. Construct a -C program to store Fibonacci series in an array. (Jan 06). Describe how is a character string declared? (May 0). Describe with an example for initialization of string array. (Dec 0). List any four string handling functions. (June 0). List the operations that can be performed on strings.. Explain a function to calculate number of letters in a given string. 6. Assess how do you define an array to store the age of 00 students? 6 7. Differentiate between Linear search and Binary search. 8. Give the role of strrev (). 9. Assess how address operator used in scanf () statement to read an array? Why? 6 0. Test the output of the following Code: main() { char x; x = a ; printf( %d \n,x); } PART B. (i)explain and write a C program to arrange the given 0 numbers in ascending order.(0) (May 0) (ii)explain the need for array variables. Describe the following with respect to arrays: Declaration of array and accessing an array element. (6). (i)describe and write a C program to add two matrices.(0) (May 0) (ii)describe and write a C program to search a given number in an array element.(6) (May 0). (i)state a C program to multiply two x matrices.(0)( June 0) (ii)write a C program to find the determinant of the resultant matrix.(6) (June 0). Construct a c program to subtract two matrices and display the resultant matrix using C Program. (6). (i)describe a C program to multiply two matrices. (8) (Dec 0) (ii)explain the various string operations. Write a C program to find out the length of the string without using built in function. (8)(Dec 0) 6. (i)write a C program to reverse a string.(8) ii) Write a C program to find the transpose of a matrix(8) 7. Construct a C program to merge two sorted array into a single sorted array (6) 8. Describe and write a C program to count the number of characters, spaces,vowels, constants and others using string functions. (6) 9. (i) Construct a C program to find average marks obtained by a of 0 students in a test.(0) (ii).write short notes on Reading and Writing string. (6) Assess the following programs: (i)to sort a given set of strings alphabetically.(6) 0. (ii)to print whether each word is a palindrome or not.(6) 6 (iii)to count the length of each string. () (Jan 0) Explain the following functions with examples. (+++=6).. (i) strlen() (ii) strcpy() (iii)strcat() (iv)strcmp() (i)explain in detail about insertion sort(8) (ii) Describe in detail about selection sort(8)
.. (i) Explain bubble sort Algorithm(8) ii)sort the following numbers using bubble sort 0, 0,, 9,, 77, 8, (8) Describe in detail about linear search and binary search with example programs and Algorithm(6) UNIT IV - FUNCTIONS AND POINTERS Function definition of function Declaration of function Pass by value Passby reference Recursion Pointers Definition Initialization Pointers arithmetic Pointers and arrays Example Problems. PART A. State what is the need for functions?(jan 0). Write the syntax for function declaration. Differentiate Library function and User Defined function. (June 0). Illustrate with an example what is a function call?. Distinguish between pass by value and pass by reference? (June0) 6. Compare actual parameters and formal parameters. (May 0) 7. Illustrate library functions with two examples (Dec00 ) 8. Explain What is the need for dynamic memory allocation? How it is achieved in C program? (June 0) 9. What do you think about Recursion?(June 0) 6 0. Distinguish Tail and Non Tail recursion. Construct a program to print the first 0 prime numbers recursively. (Jan 06). Describe the significance of pointers. (Jan 06). Define void pointer and null pointer.. State why pointer arithmetic not applicable on void pointer?. Explain how is pointer variable initialized?( June 0) 6. List the operations that can be performed over pointers. 7. Assess the uses of pointers.( Jan 0) 6 8. Solve and find the output of the following program? (May 0) main ( ) { int a=8, b=, c, *p=&a, *p=&b; c=*p**p-*p/*p+9; printf( %d,c); } 9. Construct how do you access the value through a pointer to a pointer?(dec0) 0. Describe the advantages of using pointers in a program.(dec0) PART B. (i)write a C program to find the factorial of a given number using function.(8)(may0) (ii)write a C program to find all the duplicates in an array of numbers using pointers.(8).. Discuss about the classification of functions depending upon their inputs and output parameters (6). i)construct a recursive program to find G.C.D. of two integers?(8) ii)describe in detail about function with and without arguments with example for each.(8)
. Explain and write a program to generate Fibonacci series using recursive function(8) Explain user defined function working methodology with an example(8). Devise the following operations Using function i)addition ii) subtraction iii) Multiplication iv)division (+++=6) 6. Explain in detail about Pass by Value and Pass by referencewith an example (6) 7. Write notes on fixed argument functions and variable argument functions (6) 8. (i)construct a C program to find the sum of the digits using recursive function(8) (May 0) (ii)describe a C program using pointers to read in an array of integer and print its elements in reverse order.(8) (May 0) 9. Construct a C program to calculate the area of any four shapes using pointers(6) 0. What is recursion? Describe a recursive function with suitable example. Write an iterative and recursive function to find the power of a number. (6) (Dec 0). Write a C program to swap the content of two variables using pointers. (8) (June 0) Explain the use of pointers in arrays with suitable example. (8) (June 0). (i)explain What the difference between call by value is and call by reference? What are the problems associated with each? Explain with suitable examples.(8)(jan 06) (ii)explain what are the advantages of using recursion? Demonstrate with examples. (8) (Jan 06). Explain in detail about pointer arithmetic. Support your answer with appropriate examples. (6) (Jan 06). Assess how can you pass a array as a parameter in C. Give an example(6) 6 UNIT V - STRUCTURES AND UNIONS Introduction need for structure data type structure definition Structure declaration Structure within a structure - Union Programs using structures and Unions Storage classes, Pre-processor directives. PART-A. Definestructures.(May 0). Compare structure from array.(june 0). Explain how to access the structure variables.. Write Syntax for structure declaration.. Illustrate member operators with an example. 6. Construct a structure called ID _Card to hold the details of a student. (Jan 06) 7. If we have structure B nested inside structure A, when do we declare structure B? 8. Consider the declaration: struct { char name; intnum; } student; Illustrate the application of size of operator to this structure.
9. Differentiate between structure and union. (Jan 0) 0. Assess the purpose of Union in C(June 0) 6. Illustrate bit field with an example.. Write any four conditional directives.. Describethe usage of register variable.. Distinguish between local and static variables.. What do you think about static storage class.(dec0) 6 6. Compare auto and static variables. 7. Define MACRO 8. List some C preprocessor directives.(jan 06) 9. Give the use of preprocessor. (May 0) 0. Statethe use of # define preprocessor.(dec 0) PART-B. Write a C program to read the details of book name, author name and price of 00 books in a library and display the total cost of thebooks and the book details whose price is above Rs.00. (6). (i) Express a structure with data members of various types and declare two structure variables. Write a program to read data into these and print the same. (0) (ii) Justify the need for structured data type. (6). (i)assess the need for structure data type.does structure bring additional overhead to a program? Justify. (0) 6 (ii)describe structure declaration in detail. (6). Illustrate a C program to create mark sheet for students using structure. (6). Illustrate nested structure withan example. Explain how the structure members are accessed in a nested structure with suitable example. (6) 6. Define a structure called student that would contain name, regno and marks of five subjects and percentage. Write a program to read the details of name, regno and marks of five subjects for 0 students, calculate the percentage and display the name, regno, marks of 0 subjects and percentage of each student. (6) 7. i)define a Structure called date that would contain day, month, and year. Write a Program to read the details of all the structure members and display the details using pointer. (0) ii)with example program describe the usages of local and global variables (6) 8. (i)explain the various storage classes in C.(0) (ii)explain What is union? Discuss with an example.(6) 9. Explain in detail : ( x = 6) (i) # include statement (ii) # ifndef...#endif (iii) Usage of Extern variable (iv) Usage of register variable 0. Explain a C program to store the employee information using structure and search a particular employee using Employee Number. (6)
. Construct a C program using unions to prepare the employee pay roll of a company.(6). (i)discuss the different forms of macro substitution in preprocessor directives.(0) (ii)distinguish the similarities and differences between structure and Union (6). Explain the various Preprocessor Directives with suitable examples in detail (6). Explain and write a C Program to find sum and product using macros (8) Explain and write a C program to find the area of circle using Macros(8)