Applications on openpdc platform at Washington State University Mani V. Venkatasubramanian Washington State University Pullman WA
WSU projects OMS - Oscillation Monitoring System Stand-alone system for oscillation detection and analysis using wide-area PMUs VSMS - Voltage Stability Monitoring System Stand-alone system for voltage stability stress indicator using wide-area PMUs GridSim Large-scale real-time power grid simulator SLVC Substation voltage controller
Oscillation Monitoring System IEEE C37.118 Real-time PMU data stream BPA PDCstream OpenPDC OMS SQL server OMS results openhistorian measurements OMS action adapter built into OpenPDC 64 bit version 1.5 3
Start OMS Flowchart Read data from PDC Event? Yes Damping Monitor Engine No FDD analysis for ambient data Prony analysis for postdisturbance data Event Analysis Engine Moving window crosscheck Moving window crosscheck Poorly damped mode detected? Yes Alarm Controller trigger No 4
Complementary Engines Event Analysis Engine Four algorithms: Prony, Matrix Pencil, Hankel Total Least Square and ERA. Aimed at events resulting in sudden changes in damping Damping Monitor Engine Ambient noise based. Continuous. Frequency Domain Decomposition Provides early warning on poorly damped modes 5
Event Monitor Engine OMS Engines Automated Prony type analysis of oscillatory ringdown responses Five seconds of PMU data analyzed every one second Damping Monitor Engine Automated analysis of ambient noise data Four minutes of PMU data analyzed every ten seconds 6
Different modes in a real system Poorly damped local mode at 1.3 Hz Zero damping mode at 3.3 Hz 7
Confidence level, % Mode Energy Damping Ratio / % Frequency / Hz 0.36 Western Data Analysis Case BPA 08-31-2010 2sec Refresh Estimation Results for Mode @ 0.34 Hz with 0.5 min averaging 0.34 0.32 0.3 0 50 100 150 200 250 Time / minutes, Ave.= 0.33293 Hz, Std.= 0.0093104 Hz Mode Frequency 15 10 5 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 Time / minutes, Ave.= 8.2511 %, Std.= 2.2856 % Damping Ratio 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 Time / minutes, Ave.= 15.8168, Std.= 10.6515 Energy Estimate 100 95 90 85 80 0 50 100 150 200 250 Time / minutes, Ave.= 0.89863, Std.= 0.040025 Estimate Confidence 8
Case Study Western Event PMU Bus Voltage 2.5 0 Event Analysis Damping Estimate -2 9
Voltage Stability Monitoring System IEEE C37.118 Real-time PMU data stream BPA PDCstream OpenPDC VSMS OMS SQL server VSMS results openhistorian measurements 10
VSMS Real-time Display 11
GridSim - Real Time Simulation of Power Grid Operation & Control Funded by USDOE Simulate PMU like real-time responses of largescale power system including power grid dynamics and communication network Most of the following slides contributed by Chuanlin Zhao 12
TSAT GridSim Overall Architecture Measurement Generator Static Data Generator Simulated Power System C37.118 Generator GridStat FE FE Substation Level Simulation Substation N Substation OM Substation Substation Substation OM Gateway Substation Substation SE Substation OM Gateway SE Substation Substation 1 Substation OM Gateway Substation Substation SE 1 Substation OM Gateway Substation SE Substation 1 Substation Gateway SE Substation 1 Substation 1 FE FE FE FE Control Center Level Oscillation Monitor State Estimator
179 Bus Example
GridSim PMU Configuration
GridSim Comm Port Spec
GridSim 37.118 outputs
July 2, 1996 WECC Blackout Heavy loads Double line outage near Bridger plants These Two Lines Tripped
WECC Test System WECC July 2, 1996 blackout case 6180 buses 1005 generators 11982 branches Idaho area monitored by PMUs 109 buses in Idaho 223 branches, 25 generators, 46 loads, 77 transformers 480 PMUs streamed from simulator
Voltage Controller Structure New Energy Horizons Opportunities and Challenges Wide-area PMU measurements SCADA data State Estimation model Operator inputs Supervisory Central Voltage Coordinator (SCVC) Supervisory Control Signals Selected SCADA data Supervisory Control Signals Selected SCADA data Local PMUs Substation #1 Local Voltage Controller... Substation #N Local Voltage Controller Local PMUs Switching commands SLVC #1 SLVC #N Switching commands Substation #1 Controls Substation #N Controls 21
SLVC Controller New Energy Horizons Opportunities and Challenges Selected SCADA data Local PMU measurements Local Switching commands ULTC transformers Capacitor banks Reactor banks Supervisory control signals Substation Local Voltage Controller Alerts Other VAR devices Local Operator Alerts Alarms to Grid Control Center
OpenPDC at WSU OpenPDC used extensively in several projects OpenPDC based PMU applications installed at Entergy, TVA, and Idaho Power. GridSim large-scale real-time simulator, commercial version from Powertech. Suggestions, Debugging, and WSU code contribution Config tools, Visualization tools Closed-loop controls for substations and control centers 26