While Building you own IoT Project Communication Compute Control IoT 3C Model
Connectivity for IoT 3 rd IoT Colombo Meet up Expand Your Reach ICTAD Auditorium 08 th July 2015 By Damith Wijewardhana
Overview of the Session What is Connectivity? Options Available WiFi/ZigBee/Bluetooth/3G/4G/LTE etc. How to find the most suitable option? Challenges of IoT Connectivity Use cases and Network Solutions Connectivity beyond 2020
OSI Network Model (Simplified) TCP/IP Protocol Stack Wi-Fi/Bluetooth/GSM
What is Connectivity?
Wired (Fibre/CatV etc.) Sender Wireless Receiver
Wireless Characteristics f Distance vs. Power vs. Frequency Distance
Wireless Communication Data Rate Power Reliability Range Frequency Latency Bandwidth
Communications Options Source: http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-technologies
Wireless local area network (WLAN) products that are based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers' IEEE 802.11b/a/g/n standards Frequency: 2.4 GHz, and 5.0 GHz bands. Range: Common range is up to 100m but can be extended. Applications: Routers, Tablets, etc Power: Normal Uses short-wavelength radio transmissions in the ISM band (from 2400 2480 MHz), creating personal area networks (PANs) with high levels of security. BLE/Bluetooth Smart: Uses the same technology with simpler modulation scheme- Not backward compatible to Bluetooth but very power efficient. Frequency: 2.4 GHz Range: 1-10m Applications: Hands-free headsets, key dongles, fitness trackers Power: Normal (exception BLE)
Technology that enables smartphones and other devices to establish radio communication with each other by touching the devices together or bringing them into proximity to a distance of typically 10 cm (3.9 in) or less. Frequency: 13.56 MHz Range: < 10 cm Bit rate: 424 kbit/s Applications: - Android Beam - Mobile Wallet, - Smart car keys Power: Very low ZigBee is a specification for a suite of high-level communication protocols used to create personal area networks built from small, low-power digital radios Frequency: 2.4 GHz and 868/915 MHz bands. Range: 10-20m Applications: - Home automation - Wireless Sensor networks, - Smoke and Intruder warning Bit rate: 20-250 kbit/s Power: Low Radio transceivers and proprietary protocols (radio systems) that uses lower ISM frequency bands. IEEE 802.15.4 standard. To connect to the IoT, Sub-1 GHz systems need an application-layer Internet gateway. In many cases this is simply a personal computer running a TCP/IP stack. Frequency: 433/868/915 MHz. Range: 25 km Applications: - Security systems - Industrial control Power: Moderate
Summary of Wireless Technology Parameters Source: Wireless Connectivity for The Internet of Things- Gil Reiter, Texas Instruments, White Paper
Mobile Technologies 1G 2G 3G 4G-LTE Analog Voice Digital Voice + low speed data + SMS + MMS Voice +Data (Video + Internet Browsing) - VoIP Voice + High speed data - VoLTE Frequency: - 900/1800/1900 MHz. - In SL: 900/1800 MHz Frequency: - 900-2100MHz. - In SL: 2100 MHz Frequency: - 700/900/1800/2300/2600MHz. - In SL : 1800/2300 MHz Data Rate: ~20 kbps Data Rate: 3-42 Mbps Data Rate: ~150 Mbps
4G-LTE LTE-Advanced Fourth generation of mobile telecommunications technology, succeeding 3G. High speed broadband access Frequency: 700-2600MHz. Peak Data Rate: 150 Mbps Applications: Cell phones, M2M LTE Advanced is a mobile communication standard and a major enhancement of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard based on carrier aggregation. Frequency: 700-2600MHz. Peak Data Rate: 1Gbps Applications: Cell phones, M2M
Wireless Communication Technologies Comparison Communication Characteristics 4G LTE 3G HSPA+ 2G GSM/GPRS WiFi WLANs (a/b/g/n) NFC ZigBee Bluetooth Latency 10 ms 100-500 ms 1.5-3.5s ~46 ms <0.1 s ~16 ms ~100ms Data Rate Up to 150 Mbps (~40Mbps) Up to 42 Mbps (~30Mbps) 8-384 kbps (~20kbps) 54-600 Mbps (~150Mbps) 424 kbps 20-250 kbps 1-3 Mbps Range Up to 30 km Up to 10 km Up to 30 km 100 m <10 cm 100 m 10m Mobility Yes Yes Yes Limited Limited Yes Limited Operating Frequency Band 700-2600 MHz 800-2100 MHz 900/1800 MHz 2.4-5.2 GHz 13.56 MHz 2.4-5.2 GHz 2.4 GHz Electricity metering, vehicle tracking etc
Challenges of IoT Connectivity Reliability You need to be 100% sure that the signal sent from one device is received at the other end Presence Detection It is important to immediately know when an IoT device drops off the network and goes offline Security Authorization, Open ports and Encryption There is no point of having a smart home if anyone can pick your door with their smart phone Power Consumption Billions of devices connected to each other ALL the time. Toll on CPU and power supplies should be managed properly Bandwidth Spectrum is a very scarce resource. Bandwidth is expensive
Challenges of IoT Connectivity (Cont.) Standards and Interoperability Coming up with standards and a language that every machine and device is able to understand - Google Weave with Project Brillo - Axeda
Connectivity Modules for IoT
Modules for Bluetooth USB 3G Dongles USB WiFi Adapters Asus USBIA-EG Asus BT211 Asus BT400 Cambridge Silicon Radio, Ltd Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode) Cambridge Silicon Radio, Ltd Bluetooth Dongle, CNet CBD-120 Huawei-E1750/ E173/ E1820 Sierra Wireless o AirCard 250u o AirCard 320u ZTE o ZTE MF190S o ZTE MF626 Asus USB N10 Belkin F6D4050 V1/V2 Dell Wireless 1450 DigiCom USBWAVE54 D-Link AirPlus G DWL- G122 Edimax EW-7811Un
Modules for Arduino Ethernet Shield Standard RJ-45 connection Connection speed: 10/100Mb Ethernet Controller: W5100 with internal 16K buffer Connection with Arduino on SPI port Wireless SD Shield Communicate wirelessly using a wireless module Based on the Xbee modules from Digi Up to 100 feet indoors or 300 feet outdoors (with line-of-sight) Arduino GSM Shield Connects your Arduino to the internet using the GPRS wireless network. SIM card supported Can make/receive voice calls and send/receive SMS messages. Quad-band GSM/GPRS modem that works at frequencies GSM850MHz, GSM900MHz, DCS1800MHz and PCS1900MHz TCP/UDP and HTTP protocols through a GPRS GPRS data downlink and uplink transfer speed maximum is 85.6 kbps. SIM Card
Solutions by XBee ZigBee Gateway ConnectPort X2 Digi TransPort WR11 Secure, scalable access to unlimited remote XBeebased devices. Open Source Python environment for custom application development. Cellular, Wi-Fi and Ethernet WAN options for flexible broadband connectivity. RF to Internet gateways supporting ZigBee and other RF protocols Multiple form factors and configuration options Commercial and industrial grade enclosures Easy development via DIA and Python scripting Enterprise routing and security capabilities support PCI compliance across a network of distributed terminals Digi SureLink provides a persistent cellular network connection for reliable content delivery
IoT Use Cases
Smart Homes Internet Gateway Broadband Cable/Telco Data Analysis and Control System
Connecting remote Areas - Kumana IoT Project Sensor Data Aggregator Sensor Array Remote area Very limited coverage Long range transmission required Over 2G network CDMA cellular technology Information sent through SMS Onsite Control Module Motor Control Module Solar Panel Motor Onsite Transmitter
Connected Mining- Dundee Precious Metals, Bulgaria Combination of RFID and Wi- Fi to track the location of equipment and people and allow personnel to stay connected to the surface. The backbone of the system is 55 miles of fibre optic cable, studded with Wi-Fi access points.
Smart City Approach by Etisalat UAE SMART ASSET SMART FARMING SMART TRAFFIC SMART LIGHTING SMART TRANSPORT SMART VENDING SMART TOURISM SMART WASTE SMART BUILDING SMART MACHINERY SMART PARKING SMART METERING Industrial IoT Solutions City IoT Solutions IoT Platform Managed M2M Connectivity
Smart City Approach by Etisalat UAE Dubai Connected Traffic Signal Vehicle tracking solutions high resolution Cameras to catch bus lane violators. Dedicated network for M2M and IoT connections
IoT beyond 2020 Over 50 Billion IP devices connected by 2022 4 Billion connected people Over $4 Trillion revenue opportunities Over 50 Trillion GBs of data According to www.industrial-ip.org
Connectivity beyond 2020 Please see video In Youtube
Thank You! Damith Wijewardhana Manager Master Planning & Technology Strategy, ETISALAT LANKA (PRIVATE) LTD.
References Wireless Connectivity for The Internet of Things- Gil Reiter, Texas Instruments, White Paper Wireless Communication Technologies for ITS applications by Victor Paul https://events.google.com/io2015/ http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-technologies http://jenson.org/ux-grid-of-iot/ https://blog.networks.nokia.com/mobile-networks/2014/01/27/nsn-and-5g-positioningpaper/ http://www.tweaktown.com/news/41530/internet-of-things-market-is-growing-withindustry-deals-accelerating/index.html