Wi-SUN Technology and Certification January 2018

Wi-SUN Technology and Certification January 2018

What is Wi-SUN? Open-standards based secure, interoperable communications for large scale IoT for Smart Utility and Smart City networks. 2

Wi-SUN Alliance was established in April 2012 Incorporated as Not for Profit Organization (501c) in Delaware, US Regional representation in Europe, India, Japan, North America, Singapore Over 170 member companies including product vendors, silicon vendors, software companies, utilities, government institutions and universities Specification of wireless communications networks based on IEEE 802.15.4g RF (and derivatives) and ipv6 / 6lowpan for Both Field Area Networks (FAN) and Home Area Networks (HAN) Defines testing and certification program for multi-vendor interoperable solutions RF + MAC + Network + Security Wi-SUN Alliance Wi-SUN Alliance Wi-SUN Certified 3

Why the Alliance was Formed The Wi-SUN Alliance goes beyond the IEEE and IETF standards to deliver: A specification for the full communications functionality for each Smart Application: Options make interoperability more difficult to achieve 802.15.4g only specifies the PHY layer A testing and certification process: IEEE 802 and IETF write standards, and do not describe testing A forum to: Select and document required options and features Define testing and certification TO ENABLE MULTI-VENDOR INTEROPERABILITY FOR COMPLEX ECOSYSTEMS 4

Where Alliances Sit Standardization Body Industry Alliance Commercial Trademark IEEE802.15.4g Wireless SUN Wi-SUN Alliance Wi-SUN IEEE802.11 Wireless LAN WiFi Alliance WiFi 5

What We Deliver Communications Profile Definitions based on Open Standards for Field Area, IoT wireless networks Interoperability Testing + Certification Authority for Peer to Peer Wireless Mesh networks based on IEEE 802.15.4g and IPv6 / IETF, Current focus is on enabling multi-vendor Field Area Networks (FANs), Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) and communications for smart city and smart utility networks Marketing support and training programs to promote understanding and adoption What Wi-SUN Alliance does not do It is not a Standards Organization (serves a different role from IEEE, IETF) It does not specify Application profiles 6

Target IoT Applications Open Standards based, Interoperable Communications Infrastructure for: Utility Industry: Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Distribution Automation Home Energy Management Smart Cities: Smart Street Lighting Infrastructure Management Intelligent Transportation Systems Parking management Home Automation: Smart Thermostats Air Conditioning and Heat Controls Energy Usage Information Displays M2M: Structural health: bridges, buildings etc Agriculture Monitoring and Asset Management 7

Promoter Members 8

Contributor Members 9

Test Lab Members TELEC, TUV Rheinland are Wi-SUN Approved Test Labs 10

Wi-SUN Profiles Wi-SUN Network/Transport layer Within the scope of test and certification Application Medium Access Control (MAC) Physical Radio (PHY) Wi-SUN MAC layer Wi-SUN PHY layer Network / Transport Profile A Network1 MAC1 PHY1 IEEE 802.15.4g/4u/4v based PHY Develops technical specifications of Physical (PHY) and Medium Access Control (MAC) layers, with Network layer as required Develop Interoperability test programs to ensure implementations are interoperable Physical layer specification is based on IEEE802.15.4g/4u/4v MAC layer may use different options depending on the application Profile specifications are categorized based on application types Profile B MAC2 PHY2 11

Profile Specifications for Smart Utility/City Applications FIELD AREA NETWORK (FAN) WORKING GROUP Co Chair: Cisco and Itron (SSNI) Feature complete specification is approved Supports IEEE802.15.4g/4e PHY/MAC, 6LowPAN, and IPv6 Supports multi-hopping operation and frequency hopping Supports encryption (AES) and authentication (802.1x) Specification is standardized as ANSI 4957 HOME AREA NETWORK (HAN) WORKING GROUP Chair: NICT, Technical Editor: Toshiba Specification is approved (Wi-SUN profile for ECHONET Lite) Support IEEE802.15.4g/4e PHY/MAC, 6LowPAN, and IPv6 Support encryption (AES) and authentication(pana) Specification is standardized as TTC JJ300.10 DATA AGGREGATION WAN SMART METER SMART METER HEMS/ HGW SMART METER SMART METER HOME AREA NETWORK FAN: Communication Between Smart Meters and Distribution Automation TEPCO B-ROUTE: Communication Between Smart Meters and HEMS HAN: Communication between HEMS controller and HAN device 12

Wi-SUN FAN Use Cases Network Operations Center Public or Private WAN Backhaul Cellular WiMAX Fiber/Ethernet WAN Wi-SUN FAN RF Mesh (IEEE 802.15.4g/e) Wi-SUN FAN RF Mesh Wi-SUN FAN RF Mesh FAN AMI Metering EV Charging Infrastructure Distribution Automation Direct Load Control SCADA Distributed Generation Outdoor Lighting Traffic management Parking 14

IoT Field Area Network Requirements Attributes for Field Area Networks include: Highly Secure (certificate based authentication) Easy to install and maintain (self forming/healing mesh network, upgradeable) Longevity (open standards, upgradeable) Ability to scale easily to thousands of nodes (optimal use of frequency band) Reliable and resilient (mesh, multiple channels, demonstrated interference tolerance) Long range (sub GHz, mesh) Low latency (high data rates, low channel utilisation) Energy Efficient (short transmission time, long battery life leaf nodes) Low Cost (open standards, multiple silicon vendors) Multi-vendor Interoperability (certification program for complete communications protocol stack) 15

Mesh Architecture Proven as Dominant Networking Mesh Architecture Deployments for AMI for Smart Meters Communications Technology Selection Share, North America: 1Q 2017 Communications Technology Selection Share, RoW (excluding US and China): 1Q 2017 Europe and China have large number of PLC deployments 1. Based on publicly available data and known awards 2. Wi-SUN compatible devices account for > 61 million end points in North America and > 88 million end points World Wide Information Navigant Research Global AMI Tracker 2Q17 16

Wi-SUN FAN Stack Overview Security 802.1X, 802.11i, EAP-TLS ETSI- TS-102-887-2 OSI Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link PHY Wi-SUN FAN Application (Out of Scope) UDP / TCP IPv6 / ICMPv6 / RPL / 6LoWPAN LLC Sub- MAC Sub- Physical FAN Device IPv6 protocol suite TCP/UDP 6LoWPAN Adaptation + Header Compression DHCPv6 for IP address management. Routing using RPL. ICMPv6. Unicast and Multicast forwarding. Security 802.1X/EAP-TLS/PKI Authentication. 802.11i Group Key Management Optional ETSI-TS-102-887-2 Node 2 Node Key Management MAC based on IEEE 802.15.4e + IE extensions Frequency hopping Discovery/Join Protocol Dispatch (IEEE 802.15.9) Several Frame Exchange patterns Optional Mesh Under routing. PHY based on 802.15.4g Various data rates and regions 17 L2 MESH

Security Wi-SUN FAN Security Architecture SIEM Device hardening with 802.1AR and hardware security chip or PUF Directory Services Certificate Authority Intrusion Prevention NMS Network hardening tools HES AAA Server Certificate-based identities AMI/DA Head-End Security Services Role based Access Control Public or Private WAN 802.1x-based access control for meters, routers, grid devices FAN Aggregation within Substation Automation Network Frequency hopping RF Link-layer encryption in RF Mesh Field Area Router (FAR) Group-based key generation and management (mesh) Network-layer encryption for WAN Backhaul (IPSec) Over the air upgradable devices Secure Device Identity via Digital Certificates Strong user identities with RoleBased Access January 29, 2018 Time-stamped logs, correlation at SIEM Separation of AMI vs. non-ami traffic, segmentation Field Area Network (RF Mesh) RF Devices Devices Copyright 2017, 2018 Wi-SUN Alliance Mobile Workforce Secure storage for encryption keys Secure encryption keys Network-layer encryption (IPSec) Link-layer encryption (AES-128) 18

Benefits of Mesh Networks Please view the animation on the Wi-SUN website: https://www.wi-sun.org/index.php/en#wirelessmeshvideo. Comparing IoT Networks at a Glance Download the whitepaper from here: https://www.wi-sun.org/index.php/tcwp-en/file 19

FAN Certification Overview FAN Conformance Test Bed Test Bed Controller Script driven TBC to automate FAN device certification. TBC controls test bed as certification test plan is executed upon a Device Under Test. Initial set of Test Bed Unit volunteers has been determined 14 TBUs constitute the test bed. Test Bed Units from multiple vendors TBUs implement the API used by the Test Bed Controller. Wireshark protocol decoder Wireshark protocol decoder is integrated into the TBC and test bed. 21

FAN Certification Test Bed Overview 22

FAN Certification Test Bed Internal Detail 23

FAN Certification Testing Events Upcoming 1.x Timeline Next Test Bed / Interop Events Held on approximately 6 week cycle. Test Bed and Interop events are typically co-located. Third test bed event held in October 2017 at TUV Fourth test bed event held in December 2017 at Cisco Fifth test bed event will be held 3 rd week January 2018 at Cisco Feedback/corrections are incorporated into TPS, test plans. GlobalSign has been selected as the Wi-SUN Certificate Authority Provider. Test Bed will switch to GlobalSign test certificates. FAN 1.0 Certified devices early Q2 2018. 24

The Future: FAN 2.x The Future For Wi-SUN FAN FAN 2.x Marketing Requirements in ballot Identified priorities Distribution automation use cases Higher data rate PHYs, peer to peer communications, etc. Battery powered nodes Ultra low power operation (deep sleepers water and gas metering). Additional region support (EU/UK, Australia, Asia Pacific, Middle East, South Africa). Integration of Power Line communication PHY Wi-SUN Netricity (IEEE 1901.2 PLC). 25

IEEE 1901.2 / Netricity History IEEE Published: 1901.2-2013 and updates 1901.2a-2015 Publicly Available @ IEEE Web Portal Successful Netricity PHY Interop January 2014 Netricity MRD 2.0 Published January 2016 Specifically requires reference to Wi-SUN FAN L3, L4 & Security 26

IEEE 1901.2 / Netricity Status Netricity TPS 1.0 L1 + L2 reference to 1901.2 then specifies differences L3 + L4 + Security reference to Wi-SUN FAN, minimal diffs Approved September 2017 Test & Certification Framework in discussion Draft L1 + L2 Test Case Matrix ~ 75% complete PHY/MAC Specification Verification test plan & schedule Conformance Test Flan Limit new material to PLC PHY/MAC specific items Reuse FAN as much as practical 27

Transport UDP/TCP Security (DTLS/TLS) Network Mgmt IPv6/IPv4 Addressing, IPv6 RPL Routing, Multicast, QoS, Security 802.1x / EAP-TLS & IEEE 802.11i based Access Control Data Link LLC M A C IEEE 802.15.4-2015 including FHSS 6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282) IEEE 802.15.4-2015 MAC enhancements IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a 802.15.4 frame format Physical IEEE 802.15.4-2015 FSK IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a NB-PLC OFDM 28

Wi-SUN FAN TPS Transport UDP/TCP Security (DTLS/TLS) Network Mgmt IPv6/IPv4 Addressing, IPv6 RPL Routing, Multicast, QoS, Security 802.1x / EAP-TLS & IEEE 802.11i based Access Control Data Link LLC M A C IEEE 802.15.4-2015 including FHSS 6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282) IEEE 802.15.4-2015 MAC enhancements IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a 802.15.4 frame format Physical IEEE 802.15.4-2015 FSK IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a NB-PLC OFDM 29

Wi-SUN FAN TPS Transport UDP/TCP Security (DTLS/TLS) Network Mgmt IPv6/IPv4 Addressing, IPv6 RPL Routing, Multicast, QoS, Security 802.1x / EAP-TLS & IEEE 802.11i based Access Control Data Link LLC M A C IEEE 802.15.4-2015 including FHSS 6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282) IEEE 802.15.4-2015 MAC enhancements IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a 802.15.4 frame format Physical IEEE 802.15.4-2015 FSK IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a NB-PLC OFDM Wi-SUN NETRICITY TPS 30

Wi-SUN FAN Certification Transport UDP/TCP Security (DTLS/TLS) Network Mgmt IPv6/IPv4 Addressing, IPv6 RPL Routing, Multicast, QoS, Security 802.1x / EAP-TLS & IEEE 802.11i based Access Control Data Link LLC M A C IEEE 802.15.4-2015 including FHSS 6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282) IEEE 802.15.4-2015 MAC enhancements IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a 802.15.4 frame format Physical IEEE 802.15.4-2015 FSK IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a NB-PLC OFDM 31

Wi-SUN Netricity Certification Transport UDP/TCP Security (DTLS/TLS) Network Mgmt IPv6/IPv4 Addressing, IPv6 RPL Routing, Multicast, QoS, Security 802.1x / EAP-TLS & IEEE 802.11i based Access Control Data Link LLC M A C IEEE 802.15.4-2015 including FHSS 6LoWPAN (RFC 4944 / 6282) IEEE 802.15.4-2015 MAC enhancements IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a 802.15.4 frame format Physical IEEE 802.15.4-2015 FSK IEEE 1901.2 & 1901.2a NB-PLC OFDM 32

Industry Collaboration Wi-SUN Alliance focuses on the definition and testing of communications layers IETF IEEE DLMS UA Collaborates with other Industry Alliances to support Application and heterogeneous network interoperability JUTA Open- ADR ECHONET Wi-SUN ISGF TIA YRP Promotion committee WSN Promotion committee 33

Membership is open to all organizations. Join Us For more information or questions contact: info@wi-sun.org www.wi-sun.org +1 (408) 778-8370 Follow us: www.linkedin.com Wi-SUN Alliance Group @WiSunAlliance Resources Available White Papers Presentations Quarterly Newsletter Videos Blog 34