Question Bank Unit-1 1.Define a microprocessor. Explain in detail the evolution of microprocessor in microprocessor age from 4004 MP to core-2 system. 2.What is microprocessor? Explain how data, address and control buses interconnect various system components. 3.Explain in detail with a neat figure the working of the internal architecture of the 8086MP. 4.Explain with neat block diagram the working principle of 8086 architecture 5.Draw and explain programming model of the 8086 through the CORE-2 microprocessor including the 64-bit extensions. 6.Draw and discuss the Register Organization of 8086 through core 2 microprocessors 7.Explain the program model visible register organization of 8086 µp 8.Explain the real mode memory addressing of8086 processor. 9.What is real mode addressing? Explain default segment and offset registers. 10.Briefly explain various multipurpose registers in 8086 11.Discuss the functions of segment registers of 8086 with examples. Give some advantages of memory segmentation. 12.Write any four differences between read and protected mode memory system? 13.Explain real mode memory system of a personal computer system 14.Explain the flags of 8086 processor using suitable examples. 15.Explain in detail the various bits of a flag register for 8086 MP. 16.Describe the memory map of a PC system, with a neat diagram. 17.What is conventional memory? Explain segments and offsets. List default segment and offset register pairs. 18.Draw physical memory system diagram for Intel Pentium microprocessors. 19.Explain the memory structure of Intel personal computer in detail with neat schematic. 20.What is pipe lining? How is it achieved in 8086?
UNIT 2 1. Briefly explain the flat mode memory model with a neat diagram. 2. Define physical address. Discuss how physical address is generated in 8086 processor. 3. Explain with an example why and how a 20 bit address is generated in 8086. 4. Explain how virtual address is translated into physical address with a neat diagram. 5. Explain the concepts of protected mode of memory addressing. 6. Discuss the importance of protected mode memory addressing 7. Explain the descriptors of 80286 and 80386 microprocessors. Also explain prog invisible registers within 80286 µp 8. Define paging. Discuss the memory paging with diagram. 9. What is paging? Explain paging mechanism used in 80386 microprocessor through Core- 2 microprocessor 10. What are the advantages of memory paging? Illustrate the concept of paging with a neat diagram. 11. Illustrate the memory paging mechanism in the 80386 microprocessor with suitable schematic. 12. Briefly explain various addressing modes of 8086 with suitable examples. 13. Explain any five addressing modes in detail with examples that are supported in 8086 MP. 14. Discuss the following addressing modes with examples: i. Direct ii. Register indirect iii. Base plus index iv. Immediate v. Scaled indexed 15. Explain with examples the following addressing modes: i) Scaled - indexed addressing mode ii) RIP relative addressing mode iii) Relative prog memory addressing mode. 16. Explain Data related addressing modes of8086, with an example 17. Identify the addressing modes of the following instructions and explain them briefly: i) MOV WORD PTR [SI], 20H ii) MOV ES: [l000h], 10H iii) MOV CX, NUM[BX + DI] 18. What do the following MOV instructions accomplish? MOV RAX, RCX MOV ESP, [BSP] MOV AX, 234lH MOV CS, AX 19. For DS=1200H,DI=2024H,ARRAY=0012H,BX=1012Hfind the physical address for the following instructions i) MOV AL, ARRAY[BX] ii)mov AL, ARRAY [BX][DI]
UNIT 3 1.Describe the following instruction with suitable examples: i)push ii) MUL iii) IN iv) AAA. 2.Explain the following instructions with an example for each: i) LEA ii) XCHG iii) XLAT iv) DAA v) AAA. 3.Describe the following instructions with an example: i) LEA ii) XCHG iii) DAA iv) MUL 4.Describe the operation of each of the following instruction in brief i)pushf ii) MOVS iii)lahf iv)div v)xchg 5.Bring out the importance of XLAT instruction using a suitable program. 6.Explain the following instructionswith examples: i) CMP ii) LAMF iii) XCHG iv)lea v) PUSH AX vi) LDS DI, [3000H]. 7.Describe the operation of the following instructions with examples i) LEA ii) XLAT iii) DAA iv) IMUL 8.Explain the following instructions with an example: i) XLAT ii) LEA iii) CMP iv) MUL v) TEST. 9.Explain the following instructions with an example: i) XLAT ii) LEA iii) CMP iv) SAHF. 10.Give the state of all the status flag bits after the addition of 30A2H with F01CH. 11.What is stack? What is the use of stack memory? Explain the execution of push and pop 12.Explain the execution of PUSH and POP instruction with respect to stack addressing mode 13.What is meant by segment override prefix?explain with examples 14.What do you mean by segment override prefix? Explain the following assembler directives: i) ASSUME ii) SMALL iii) PROC iv) EQU v) LOCAL. 15.What is segment override prefix? Illustrate the same with an example. 16.What are assembler directives? Explain any four assembler directives with suitable examples 17.Explain the following assembler directives: i) Assume; ii) Proc; iii) Ends; iv) DB. 18.Explain the following assembler directives with examples: i) DB ii) EXTRN iii) PROC iv) SEGMENT. 19.What are assembler directives? Explain following assembler directives with an example i) PUBLIC ii) ORG iii) DW iv) ASSUME. 20.Explain with examples the following assembler directives (any four): i) ORG ii) DQ iii) PRO and ENDP iv) TYP 0) EVEN. 21.Explain the following assembler directives with examples i) EXTRN ii) PTR 22.Write and explain machine code for instruction MOV DL, [BX] 23.Write the machine code for the following instructions i) MOV BP, SP ii) MOV WORD PTR [BX+1000H], 1234H 24.Write an ALP using 8086 instructions to generate and add the first l0 even numbers and save the numbers and result in memory location NUM and SUM 25.Write bubble sort program using 8086 assembly instructions. 26.Write an ALP using 8086 instructions to search a number placed in locationarray often numbers placed at location ARRAY. Give suitable messages. 27.Write 8086 ALP to add 10 non-negative data items using string instructions. instructions.
UNIT 4 1. Explain the following instructions with examples any four: i) DAA ii) MUL iii) ADC iv) SHR v) RCL 2. Briefly explain any four bit test instructions. 3. Discuss shift and rotate instructions with an example. 4. With format explain rotate instructions. Give examples to rotate right by 1-bit and rotate leftby 5-bits. 5. With format explain rotate instructions. Give examples to rotate right by 2 bit and rotate left by 4 bits Discuss with examples unconditional and conditional branching instructions. 6. Explain the sequence of operation that takes place during the execution of CALL and RET instructions. 7. Explain short, near and far jump instructions with examples 8. Differentiate between short, near and far jump instructions with two examples of each. 9. Explain the different types of jumps and call instructions of 8086 10. Explain with an example how multiple if then else statement can be implemented using ALP 11. Explain the following statements to control the flow of the program with examples i).if ii).endif iii).repeat iv).until v).while vi).endw 12. Explain the various string manipulation instructions with examples. 13. Explain m/c control instructions with examples. 14. Write an assembly level program to reverse a given string and check for palindrome 15. Write an ALP using 8086 instructions to count the numbers of zeros in a given 8 bit numberand store the result in memory location 'Res'. 16. Write an ALP using 8086 instructions to reverse a four digit number.
UNIT 5 1. Explain public and extrn directives of assembler and write ALP to read data through keyboard using externalprocedure and save the keycode in public data segment. 2. Write a C program that uses '-asm' function to display strings on output device. 3. Explain with neat diagram clock generator IC8284. 4. Distinguish between the 16-bit and 32-bit versions of C/C ++ when using the inline assembler. 5. Write a mixed language program that converts binary to ASCII. 6. Write a mixed language module to realize macro to read a character from keyboard. 7. What is inline assembly? Explain its need. 8. State the C language elements that can be used in the arm block. 9. Explain the basic rules for using assembly language with C/C++ for 16-bit DOS applicationswith the help of examples. 10. Write an assembly language program using C/C++ to perform the operation x+y=z withproper comments. 11. Illustrate a simple program that uses a character string defined with and display on a separate line. 12. Write a mixed ALP with C to perform simple calculator operations 13. What are differences between a PROCEDURE and a MACRO? 14. Mention the differences between i) NEAR and FAR procedures ii) Procedures and macros 15. Differentiate between procedures and macros. 16. Differentiate between: (i) Assembler and linker (ii) Public and EXTRN(iii) Macros and Procedure. 17. Mention the differences between i)near and FAR procedures ii) Procedures and macros 18. Explain FAR procedure and NEAR procedure with an example 19. Define modular programming. Using the concept of public and extra directives write a program which reads data in a program in one module which is then used by another module. 20. Define modular programming. Explain various phases in program development and execution in the context of modular programming. 21. Write an 8086 ALP to find the factorial of a given number through recursive procedure 22. Write a 8086 ALP to convert a given binary number into its equivalent unpacked decimal and ASCII 23. Write an 8086 ALP using DOS interrupt to read a two hexadecimal number and display the same on monitor
UNIT 6 1. Bring out differences between 8086 and 8088 microprocessors. 2. Explain minimum mode PINS of 8086 and minimum mode configuration of 8086 with neatdiagram. 3. Explain with a neat figure the working of 8086 in MIN mode configuration. 4. Indicate the signals which are different when 8086 in minimum mode and in maximum mode. 5. Explain bus timings of read and write operations in minimum mode of 8086 system 6. Explain in brief the functions of 8086 pins: i) MIN/MX; ii) ALE; iii) NMI; iv) Ready;v) Reset: vi)bhe 7. Explain the functions of following pins of8086 microprocessor. i) RESET ii) READY iii) ALE iv) LOCK. 8. Describe in detail the use of the following signals: i)ace ii) RESET iii) NMI iv) HOLD v) MN IMX vi) QSI and QS0. 9. Explain the functions of the following pins of8086 microprocessor: i) ALE ii) INTR iii) HOLD iv) RESET v) BHE 10. Explain the functions of the following pins of8086 microprocessor: i) READY ii) INTR iii) TEST iv) NMI 11. Explain the functions of the following 8086 signals: i) ALE ii) MN / MX iii) NMI iv) QSO, QSl v) RESET vi) DT/R. 12. Explain in brief the functions of 8086 pins: i) MIN/MX; ii) ALE; iii)bhe iv) INTR 13. With neat timing diagram, explain the I/O read operation. 14. With neat timing diagram, explain memory read cycle. 15. Explain how address demultiplexing is done in 8086 processor based systems. 16. Explain in detail with a neat figure demultiplexing of address and data lines in 8086. 17. Using timing diagram, explain the I/Owrite bus cycle in 8086 microprocessor. 18. With a neat timing diagram, explain memory read cycle. 19. Explain the timing diagram of read operation in 8086 microprocessor 20. With diagram, explain RESET section of 8284 clock generator. Also indicate how CLOCK and RESET are connected to 8088 µp 21. Describe internal block diagram of 8288 Bus controller with explanation of each pins.
UNIT 7 1. List various memory devices. 2. Discuss in brief commonly used memories. 3. Explain memory bank selection in 8086 and mention the number of memory bank in 80x86 MPs. 4. How 8086 microprocessor selects 8 bit or 16 bit data from odd and even memory banks 5. What is flash memory? Explain how a flash memory is interfaced to 8086 µp 6. What is memory address decoding? Design a memory system for 8086 for the followingspecifications: i) 32 Kbytes EPROM using 16 Kbyte devices. ii) 64 Kbytes SRAM using 16 Kbyte devices.draw the memory map. 7. Interface 512 KB RAM to 8088 MP using 64 KB RAM using 3:8 decoder with startingaddress of memory as 80000H. Clearly mention decoding logic and memory map. 8. Design an 8086 based system to interface with i) 64K byte EPROM; ii) 64K byte RAM.Assume RAM is connected at 30000h and EPROM at FOOOOH 9. Interface 8KX8 ROM and 4KX 8 RAM to 8086 microprocessor. Assume the starting address for ROM is 40000H and starting address for RAM is 44000H 10. Design an 8086 based system with the following specifications i) 64K byte EPROM; ii) 64K byte RAM. Draw the complete schematic diagram of the design indicating memory map 11. Differentiate between memory mapped I/O and I/O mapped I/O (isolated I/O). 12. With neat diagram, explain the linear decoding techniques. 13. Explain any two methods of address decoding techniques with schematic diagram 14. With neat diagram, explain simple NAND gate address decoding logic. 15. Explain how a 3-8 line decoder could be used to interface eight 8K memory chips. 16. Explain 74138 decoder configurations to enable ports at address E8H to EFH. 17. Explain how 74LS138 decodes 2732 EPROMS for 32K x 8 section of memory. Assume the starting address is 40000H. Give the detailed memory map. 18. What are the sources of interrupts? Briefly explain the steps taken by a processor to execute an interrupt instruction 19. Briefly explain handshaking or polling with necessary diagrams.
UNIT 8 1. With functional block diagram, explain working principle of8255 PPI. 2. With a neat block diagram explain 82C55 PPI. Write the control words for i)port A as input,port B as output,port C as output, ii)port A as output,port B as input,port C as input in simple I/O mode. 3. Explain different signals of 8255 PP and control words. 4. Briefly explain the control word format of 8255 in I/O mode and BSR mode. Give the control word format to program Port A and Port C lower as input and Port B and Port Cupper as output parts in mode 0. 5. Explain command word format of 82C55 in mode-0. Write the control word format to initialize to set PC3 and reset PC7. 6. Explain pin-out of 82C55 along withdifferent operational modes. 7. Interface 8 digit seven segment LED display to 8088 MP through 8255 PPI. Writeinitialization sequence for 8255 with allport as output ports in mode 0 and address of device is FF00h. 8. Explain with a neat diagram the interfacing of stepper motor to 8086 using 8255 in detail. 9. List the features of 8254 PIT (Programmable Interval Timer). 10. With internal block diagram, explain 8254 PIT. Give any two applications of the 8254. 11. Explain the working of different blocks of 8254 PIT with a neat figure 12. Explain control work format for IC 8254 and interface IC to 8086 MP to generate square wave of 100 khz using counter 0 write an ALP for the same. Assume clock frequency ofl0 MHz. 13. Write an 8086 ALP to read a byte of data from port A and port B. Add the data and save the result in a memory location. 14. Write an ALP using 8086 instructions to read a byte of data from Port A and display itsparity status as 00H or FFH for odd and even parity, on Port B. 15. Explain structure of 8086 interrupt vector table with neat diagram 16. Draw and discuss the Interrupt structure of 8086. 17. Discuss the DMA controller operating in a microprocessor system. 18. Explain any 3 types of 8086 interrupts