Section 1 Lab Architecture & Equipment IP LAB: Current Architecture Aalborg 10.10.34.1 S1/1 Ethernet 130.225.51.6 10.10.3.254 Istanbul 10.10.3.2 Shanghai 10.10.2.3 Vlan 3 10.10.32.2 10.10.34.2 S0/2 S0/0 S0/1 Tokyo 10.10.31.2 S0/3 10.10.33.1 10.10.33.2 S1/1 10.10.32.1 S0/3 San Francisco 10.10.31.1 Frankfurt S1/1 Delft 10.10.2.1 10.10.1.1 Shanghai 10.10.2.3 Vlan 2 Toronto 10.10.1.3 Vlan 2 10.10.1.254 10.10.1.136 10.10.2.2 Sydney 10.10.2.254 Dhaka 10.10.1.2 Bluetooth 10.10.2.X 10.10.1.X Figur 1 The architecture shown above is the current state of the network setup in the lab, but changes rapidly according to the needed scenarios in the different student projects. In general the setup is as shown with additional connections between every router, not configured though. The equipment shown is as follows: Equipment: Version Software Names Cisco Routers 3620 c3620-i-mz.122-5d.bin Aalborg, Frankfurt and Delft 3631 c3631-telco-mz.122-8.t5.bin Tokyo and San Francisco Cisco Switches 2950 c2950-i6q4l2-mz.121-11.ea1.bin Toronto and Shanghai Cisco APís 350 Istanbul and Dhaka 1200 Sydney Bluetooth AP Ericsson BlipNode L1
Computers: 1 Pentium 4, Windows 2000 server and Linux Red Hat 9.0 platform (10.10.1.254). 3 Pentium pro 166 MHz, 64 MB RAM, 2GB hard disk, Linux Red Hat 7.3 platform. Additional equipment, not shown in Figure 1, available: Cisco 1100 WLAN AP and PDA, see Section 2.
Section 2 Wireless Access Technologies BT, 802.11a/b and GPRS (Sonofon subscription) 2.1 Bluetooth 1 Ericsson BlipNode L1, Access Point (Computer is needed acting as server) 8 Belkin USB adapter, F8T003yy, 10 meter 2 Belkin USB adapter, F8T001yy, 100 meter 2 Belkin USB adapter, F8T003uk, 100 meter (Do not support PAN) The F8T003uk is version 1 followed by the F8T001yy version 2, where the main different is that version 1 does not support PAN. In general the Bluetooth protocol stack is a cut through all the layers depending on the specific profile. If something specific can be said about the Bluetooth protocol stack it would be that the stack can be simplified to a kernel protocol stack, which upon different protocols can be adapted. The kernel protocol stack is shown in the following figure. - Radio: Modulation FHSS, GFSK - Baseband: Link control, time synchronizing, SCO time critical data sent directly up and down. - LMP: Link Management Protocol - HCI: Host Controller Interface - L2CAP: Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol, packet segmenting and reassembling and QoS, max packet size 64KB. Currently IP transport is used in the Lab, which is the PAN profile. Supported profiles for the adapters: - Generic access - Service discovery - Serial port - PAN (IP transport) - LAN access - Dial-Up networking - Generic object exchange - Object push - File transfer - Synchronization - FAX Bluetooth Specification v1.1 Operating frequency 2.4 to 2.4835GHz Data rate 723/57.6Kbps Network topology Point-to-Multipoint Packet support 1/3/5 slots packet Operation Master/Slave Supply voltage 5.0VDC Nominal current 100mA
2.2 IEEE 802.11 2 Cisco access points 350 6 Cisco aironet WLAN cards 350, 802.11b 2 Cisco access points 1100 1 Cisco aironet WLAN card 5GHz, 802,11a 1 Cisco access point 1200 1 Nokia access point A032 3 Nokia WLAN cards DTN-11 Standard Operating frequency Data rate Modulation Techniques Distance Coverage 802.11a 5.150 to 5.350GHz and 5.725 to 5.825GHz 54 Mbps OFDM 20 meters - speed goes down with increased distance 802.11b 2.400 to 2.4835GHz 11 Mbps FHSS Up to 100 meters The ANSI/IEEE 802.11 standard only describes the 1Ω lowest layers of the OSI-model. This means: - The physical layer. o 802.11a uses OFDM with BPSK/QPSK or 16/64-QAM o 802.11b uses DSSS (which is most used) with BPSK/QPSK or it uses FHSS with 2/4 level GFSK - The MAC layer part of the data link layer. Specified by the 802 family on top of the 802.11 standard you will find the 802.1 bridging and on top again the 802.2 logical link control. Then on top again you will find TCP/IP aso. 2.3 GPRS The GPRS equipment consist of a SIM-card (Sonofon subscription), which can be used in: - 1 Nokia GPRS/WLAN, D211, PCMCIA card (Can be used for in laptop) - HP PDA with GPRS jacket and integrated WLAN The GPRS protocol stack is as shown in the figure:
Application IP/X.25 SNDCP LLC RLC MAC GSM/RF Details about the GPRS subscription (private address, etc) need to be investigated.
Section 3 Mobility support Mobile IP software has been retrieved from Helsinki University: http://dynamics.sourceforge.net/ Where the installed software is the source code: dynamics-0.8.1.tar.gz Mobile IP is implemented on the (from Section 1): - 3 Pentium pro 166 MHz, 64 MB RAM, 2GB hard disk, Linux Red Hat 7.3 platform. - 1 Pentium 4, Linux Red Hat 9.0 platform (10.10.1.254). The most frequently used computers are the 3 Pentium pro computers, where the (see Figure 1): - 10.10.1.254 acts as the home-agent - 10.10.2.254 and 10.10.3.254 acts as the foreign-agent The mobile IP software is developed to/on Linux Red Hat, where 7.X should as default have all the needed requirements fulfilled. A complete set-up of the Mobile IP can be found at: http://kom.aau.dk/iplab/documents.html Client software - The dynamics source code also contains the client part. As tested so far, the data transport freezes when/after making a handover from one agent to another. - Birdstep Mobile IP client is implemented in windows (http://www.birdstep.com). This client supports handover and vertical handover, tested for BT and WLAN.