Rab Nawaz Jadoon DCS Assistant Professor COMSATS IIT, Abbottabad Pakistan COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Mobile Communication
Motivation 2
LTE World Wide Adoption of LTE technology as of December 7, 2014 Countries and regions with commercial LTE service Countries and regions with commercial LTE network deployment on-going or planned Countries and regions with LTE trial systems (precommitment) 3
What is LTE??? To most, it is a faster network technology. To network operators around the world, it is a way to simplify their infrastructures to reduce costs while improving the quality of their offerings to subscribers. IP based Packet Switched Network. 4
4G, short for fourth generation, is the fourth generation of mobile telecom technology, succeeding 3G. It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies, increasing the capacity and speed using a different radio interface together with core network improvements. The standard is developed by the 3GPP and is specified in its Release 8. 4G 100Mbps for mobile services. High mobility to 500km/hour. Seamless connectivity and global roaming and smooth handover. High Quality multimedia. 5
Important points Feature Cell Cell edge Peak DL Spectral Efficiency (bps/hz) 2.2 0.06 15 UL Spectral Efficiency (bps/hz) 1.4 0.03 6.75 DL Data Rate w 40MHz (Mbps) 88 2.4 600 UL Data Rate w 40MHz (Mbps) 56 1.2 70 How the data rate is calculated Data Rate=Bps/Hz * Spectral Efficiency For example: 15 bps/hz * 40MHz = 600Mbps Question: Why UL values are low as compared to DL??? 6
4G Systems Two 4G candidate systems are commercially deployed: The Mobile WiMAX (802.16e) standard (first used in South Korea in 2007), and The first-release Long Term Evolution(LTE) standard (in Oslo, Norway and Stockholm, Sweden since 2009). 7
Technical Understanding In March 2008, the International Telecomm Union-Radio communications sector (ITU-R) specified a set of requirements for 4G standards, named the International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced (IMT-Advanced) specification, Setting peak speed requirements for 4G service at 100 megabits per second (Mbit/s) for high mobility communication (such as from trains and cars) and 1 gigabit per second (Gbit/s) for low mobility communication (such as pedestrians and stationary users) 8
Cont The pre-4g 3GPP - (LTE) technology is often branded "4G-LTE", but the first LTE release does not fully comply with the IMT-Advanced requirements. LTE has a theoretical net bit rate capacity of up to 100 Mbit/s in the downlink and 50 Mbit/s in the uplink if a 20 MHz channel is used and more if multiple-input multipleoutput (MIMO), i.e. antenna arrays, are used. The physical radio interface was at an early stage named High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA), Now named Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E- UTRA). 9
Peak Download 100Mbps Data speeds of LTE Peak Upload 50Mbps 10
Data Speed of Mobile WiMAX(802.16e) over 20MHz Peak Download 128Mbps Peak Upload 56Mbps 11
Frequency bands The LTE standard covers a range of many different bands, each of which is designated by both a frequency and a band number. In North America, 700, 750, 800, 850, 1900, 1700/2100 (AWS), 2500 and 2600 MHz are used (bands 2, 4, 7, 12, 13, 17, 25, 26, 41) 2500 MHz in South America. 700, 800, 900, 1800, 2600 MHz in Europe (bands 3, 7, 20) 800, 1800 and 2600 MHz in Asia (bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 11, 13, 40) 12
Cont 1800 MHz and 2300 MHz in Australia and New Zealand (bands 3, 40). As a result, phones from one country may not work in other countries. Users will need a multi-band capable phone for roaming internationally. 1.0 Gbps peak rate for fixed services with 100MHz. 13
LTE Frequency Bandwidth LTE supports deployment on different frequency bandwidths. The current specification outlines the following bandwidth blocks: 40MHz 1.4MHz 20MHz 3MHz 15MHz 5MHz 10MHz 14
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