Solid-State Hybrid LiDAR for Autonomous Driving Product Description What is LiDAR Sensor Who is Using LiDARs How does LiDAR Work Hesai LiDAR Demo Features Terminologies Specifications
What is LiDAR A LiDAR sensor (a.k.a. LiDAR) scans the surrounding environment, and creates 360 3D images with depth information Where to Install Two common ways: At the top of the car (Guarantees 360 Horizontal Field of View) On the front/side of the car (Covers specific areas) Why LiDAR Higher measurement accuracy of couple centimeters Measurement range beyond 100 meters Generate rich data points for real time 3D images High angular resolution and a wide field of view
Who is Using LiDARs Car Company (OEM) & Autonomous Car Developers Defense Industries Autonomous System Challenge for Chinese Army DARPA Robotic Challenge Boston Dynamics BigDog
How does LiDAR Work Distance Measurement:Time of Flight (TOF) 1. A laser diode emits a short laser pulse onto the object 2. The light reflected by the object is detected by optical sensor 3. The distance can be calculated by measuring the time between the emission and the receipt by the sensor d = c t 2 d : Distance c : Speed of light t : Laser light travel time Diffused reflection Emitted laser pulse Scanning Method:40-channel Scanning
Features Distance Details Reliability Camera Radar LiDAR Weather Pedestrian Night Camera Radar LiDAR Distance + +++ +++ Details +++ + ++ Pedestrian ++ + +++ Night + +++ +++ Unfavorable Weather + +++ ++ Reliability + + +++ +++: Best ++: Good +: Poor
Features LiDARs vs. Cameras LiDARs are independent from any light conditions, so they can be used at any time of the day. Cameras measure light reflected from an object so they are easily blinded by oncoming light or don t see anything in twilight or shadows LiDARs obtain distance information directly by using TOF while cameras indirectly get the information by analyzing the videos which are unreliable LiDAR scanning result display LiDARs can obtain the distance between itself and targets hundred meters away with cm-accuracy by using TOF Camera result display Camera s accuracy relies highly on sophisticated algorithms LiDARs vs. Millimeter-wave Radars Millimeter-wave Radars can not distinguish objects since they have a large angular resolution. With small angular resolution, LiDARs give precise 3D scanning results and can distinguish whether the object is a car or a pedestrian by analyzing the cloud points
Terminologies Solid-State Hybrid Rotational parts exist in a fixed cover Vertical Angular Resolution Angle between two adjacent laser channel in vertical direction FOV (Vertical) Range that LiDAR can cover in vertical direction FOV (Horizontal) Range that LiDAR can cover in a horizontal plane Channel 1-5 1 Channel 6-30 0.33 Channel 31-40 1 Rotation Rate Number of cycles that LiDAR can rotate per second For example: 10Hz stands for 10 cycles per second Horizontal Angular Resolution Angle between two adjacent laser diodes in horizontal direction. Angular resolution correlates directly to rotation rate. Higher rotation rate results in a larger horizontal angular resolution Data Points Generated Number of LiDAR points that can be generated per second For example: With 20Hz rotation rate, the horizontal angular resolution would be 0.45 ; every single laser light beam would scan 800 times per cycle; thus 800*40*20=640,000 data points would be generated every second
Technical Specifications Hesai 40-channel Solid-State Hybrid LiDAR Scanning Method Solid-State Hybrid Channel 40 Measurement Range 150m Data Points Generated 640,000 points per second Rotation Rate 5Hz~20Hz Accuracy ±2cm FOV (Horizontal) 360 Angular Resolution (Horizontal) 0.11 (5Hz)/ 0.45 (20Hz) FOV (Vertical) -16 ~7 Angular Resolution (Vertical) Size 0.33 (-6 to 2 ); 1 (-16 to -6, +2 to +7 ) Height:102.50mm Top diameter:116.00mm Bottom diameter:112.00mm Weight 1.05kg
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