Introduction to WiBro Technology September 10, 2004 Soon Young Yoon Telecom R&D Center Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd.
Contents Background of WiBro Service WiBro Technology Overview Future Plan and Strategy SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 1/25
Background of WiBro Service SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 2/25
Market Trend in Korea (1) Korea Telecommunication Market Trend 2001-2003 subscriber growth rate Fixed BB(44%) > Mobile internet(30%) > Mobile phone(16%) > Fixed phone(2%) Voice market is saturated (fixed phone) or slowly growing (mobile phone) Data market (mobile internet & fixed BB) is growing faster than voice Subscribers [Million] 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Mobile Phone Mobile Internet Subscribers Trend Fixed Phone Fixed Broadband 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003? Number of mobile phone users includes mobile internet users Source : KISDI (Korea Information Strategy Development Institute) SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 3/25
Market Trend in Korea (2) Mobile Data ARPU (2003 Dec. SKT user basis) As network evolves, data ARPU potion increases Data rate is one of the key factor to increase data ARPU Data ARPU is expected to keep increasing as the market churns ARPU by Handset Type ARPU $60.00 $50.00 $40.00 $30.00 $20.00 $10.00 $0.00 $56.74 $19.50 34% 1x EV-DO (MMS support) $47.19 $12.64 $1 = 1,150 won Total ARPU Data ARPU $33.68 $21.54 $4.52 27% $1.21 13% 6% 1x EV-DO 1x RTT 95A/B User Potion 21% 60% 9% 10% 1x EV-DO (MMS support) 1x EV-DO 1x RTT 95A/B *Total ARPU is net of interconnection fees and signup fees *Data ARPU = Wireless Internet revenues including phone mail revenue / internet user ARPU : Average Revenue Per User MMS : Multi Media Service Source : SKT IR Data, 2004 SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 4/25
Needs for WiBro Service Limit of Existing Technologies WLAN (IEEE 802.11 series) Support very high data rate but limited coverage and mobility not supported Cellular (cdma2000 1X, 1xEV-DO, WCDMA) Support large coverage and fast mobility but data rate is low and too expensive Technology Comparison Coverage QoS Data Rate WiBro WLAN Cellular Mobility Service Charge SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 5/25
Service Position in Network Evolution WiBro is now located between WLAN and Cellular service. In the future, WiBro service will evolve to 4G Network which provide higher data rate and mobility Mobility High Medium 1996 2000 2005 2010 2G Cellular PCS 3G CDMA WCDMA WiBro 4G Services Pedestrian Stationary Cordless Phone 2.4GHz WLAN 5GHz WLAN Voice Text Image Graphic Video High Quality Multimedia Video Streaming Data Rate SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 6/25
HPi(High Speed Portable Internet) Project ETRI/Samsung HPi Project Objective Development of HPi system at 2.3GHz HPi RTT specification & system development Period: 2003.1. ~ 2005.12. Sponsors : HTI, KT, KTF, SKT, Samsung Results ETRI/Samsung WiBro spec proposed to TTA and accepted as baseline ETRI Prototype system development Wired and wireless operators Requirements definition RTT: Radio Transmission Technology SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 7/25
WiBro Spectrum Allocation of Korea MIC allocated 2.3GHz spectrum for WiBro services (Official MIC notice, Dec. 2002) Frequency BW Purpose Usage : 2.3~2.4GHz : WiBro (Portable Internet) : Fixed / Mobile Spectrum Allocation Status IMT-2000 WiBro WLAN IMT-2000 TDD (35) IMT-2000 FDD (60) MSS (30) IMT-2000 TDD (15) IMT-2000 FDD (60) MSS (30) WiBro (100MHz) WLAN (83.5) 1.885 1.92 1.98 2.01 2.025 2.11 2.17 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4835 [Unit : GHz] MIC : Ministry of Information and Communication MSS : Mobile Satellite Service SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 8/25
Global TDD Spectrum Allocation Global TDD Spectrum Allocation Status FDD band is about 3 times larger than TDD band More TDD band will be required For high data rate support, new systems requiring broader bandwidth etc. [GHz] 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 >2.7 WRC 35 IMT IMT-200015 IMT-2000 Europe GSM 20IMT IMT-200015 15 IMT-2000 ISM IMT extension reserved for TDD 3.4Ghz U.S.A. 700Mhz Future 3G PCS ISM ITFS, BRS 3.4Ghz Australia/ New Zealand IMT-2000 IMT-2000 MMDS ISM IMT extension reserved for TDD 3.4Ghz Japan PHS IMT-2000 IMT-2000 ISM IMT extension reserved for TDD China GSM 40 IMT IMT-2000 15 IMT-2000 TDD ISM IMT extension reserved for TDD Korea CDMA 35 IMT WRC : World Radiocommunication Conference BRS : Broadband Radio Service 15 IMT-2000 IMT-2000 3GPP TDD 2000 WiBro IMT extension reserved for TDD ITFS : Instructional Television Fixed Service MMDS : Multichannel Multipoint Distribution System SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 9/25 ISM IMT extension reserved for TDD Other TDD Bands
WiBro Technology Overview SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 10/25
System Requirements High Data Rate Maximize sector/user throughput Broad bandwidth MAC & RRC Mobility Vehicular speed mobility (~60km/h) Seamless service Longer battery usage Full Coverage Various types of cell (Macro / Micro / Pico) Easy cell planning Roaming with cellular & WLAN Low Cost Improve spectral efficiency Reduce infra cost Multiplexing gain of packet data. MAC : Medium Access Control RRC : Radio Resource Control SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 11/25
TDD vs. FDD TDD FDD Freq. DL GB GT GB UL GT Freq. GB DL GB UL GB Time Time UL/DL Isolation Spectrum Efficiency UL/DL Channel Suitable for For same coverage Applied system T D D Guard Time More efficient (Smaller GB) Reciprocal (Easy to apply SA, MIMO etc.) Packet base data traffic Need more power (duty factor) WiBro, 802.16, 802.11a/b, TD-SCDMA, F D D Guard Band Less efficient (Larger GB) Non-reciprocal Symmetric traffic like voice Need smaller power IS-95A/B, CDMA2000, 1xEV-DO, GSM, GPRS, W-CDMA GB : Guard Band GT : Guard Time SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 12/25
PHY Spec. Frequency Band Channel Bandwidth Duplex Multiple Access Modulation Channel Coding Cell Coverage Maximum Data Rate : 2.3GHz (Korea) : = 9MHz : TDD / 5msec frame : OFDMA : QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM : CTC : ~1km Sector throughput : DL : 18 Mbps, UL : 6 Mbps User throughput Optional AAS support : DL : 3 Mbps, UL :1 Mbps CTC : Convolution Turbo Code AAS : Adaptive Antenna System SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 13/25
MAC Spec. Flexible BW Allocation by MAP Frame by Frame Supports flexible QoS offering rtps, nrtps, BE Efficient MAC PDU construction Variable size MAC PDU Fragmentation, packing, concatenation Payload header suppression support Security support Sleep mode support H-ARQ/ARQ support Handoff : BBM AMC support rtps : real-time Polling Service BE : Best Effort H-ARQ : Hybrid Automatic Response ReQuest AMC : Adaptive Modulation and Coding Fine granularity MAC-level framing (No PPP) nrtps : non-real-time Polling Service PDU : Protocol Data Unit BBM : Break Before Make SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 14/25
PHY Characteristics (1) High Spectral Efficiency Support TDD Minimize guard band to increase spectral efficiency 10 MHz BW / OFDMA Minimize multi-path interference to increase spectral efficiency Support various modulation schemes (QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM) and CTC to maximize data rate Full Coverage Support Support cellular operation with frequency reuse factor of 1 High spectral efficiency & easy cell planning Minimize interference using diversity subchannel based on Reed Solomon sequence Compensate low SINR at cell edge using low rate coding Fast handover with mobile IP SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 15/25
PHY Characteristics (2) Performance Enhancement considering Mobility(1) H-ARQ Increase the efficiency of re-transmission resulting from fading and interference Band selection AMC & diversity subchannel Mobile stations request to select band selection AMC or diversity subchannel by monitoring channel status For slowly moving users : allocate band selection AMC subchannels which have high quality channel response to increase transmission efficiency and coverage For fast moving users : allocate diversity subchannels distributed over whole frequency band to maximize frequency diversity SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 16/25
PHY Characteristics (3) Performance Enhancement considering Mobility(2) Support 60km/h mobility Minimize distortion due to mobility using short OFDM symbol Apply pilot structure supporting channel estimation while moving Support fast access during hand-off Apply short frame length (5msec) for fast response Apply additional non-contention based control channel access duration SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 17/25
PHY Characteristics (4) Flexible Resource Allocation for Multiple Users Asymmetric DL / UL allocation DL/UL : 2:1, 1:1, 5:1 Multiple user acceptance Support different packet scheduling algorithm and status management for each type of mobiles Support Portability Support sleep mode to decrease handset consuming power TDD Adaptive Antenna System (Optional) Increase coverage and data rate for slowly moving users PDU : Protocol Data Unit PPP : Point to Point Protocol SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 18/25
MAC Characteristics Scheduler Design Consideration Adaptive modulation & coding Throughput maximization Power constraint of mobiles QoS guarantee Fairness Scheduling algorithm complexity QoS Classes in WiBro QoS Class Real time polling service Non real time polling service Best effort service Periodic interval Data type Variable-sized packet Real time data stream Variable-sized packet Delay-tolerant data stream Minimum data rate is required No minimum service level Application MPEG Video, Video telephony FTP, WWW FTP, WWW, E-mail SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 19/25
WiBro Network Architecture Acronyms AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting ACR Access Control Router AR Access Router BR Border Router GSN GPRS Support Node HA Home Agent IMS IP Multimedia Sub-system PDSN Packet Data Serving Node RAS Radio Access Station Internet AAA CN AR IMS MIP HA ACR BR GSN/PDSN PSTN/PLMN Internet RNC/BSC 802.11x WLAN AP AP RAS 3G RAN NodeB/BTS Hot Spot WiBro RAS 3G MS Macro-cell SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 20/25
Network Element Functions ACR Packet classification & header suppression Service flow management Traffic switching & integration point Handover management Session information maintenance RAS interface Core network interface RAS PHY processing and air resource scheduling MAC management message processing MAC PDU processing CID management Encryption & Decryption ACR interface PDU : Protocol Data Unit CID : Connection ID SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 21/25
Future Plan and Strategy SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 22/25
WiBro Policy of Korea Standard Based on IEEE 802.16-2004 & 802.16e Draft3 or later version satisfying: Downlink 512kbps, uplink 128kbps at 60Km/h Channel badwidth >9MHz Roaming between operator equipment TDD Frequency reuse factor 1 Service Provider Selection Number of service provider : 2~3 Frequency usage period : 7 years MVNO, NO-SP separation considered Time Schedule 2004. 9 2005. 2 2006 Complete service provider selection policy Service provider selection Commercial service MVNO : Mobile Virtual Network Operator NO : Network Operator SP : Service Provider Source : MIC SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 23/25
WiBro Mobile Station Development Strategy Survey Result of WiBro Demand Most important benefit Public Users Cheap service charge and phone Enterprise Users Mobility Preferred Service charge policy Preferred type of mobile station Needs for service continuity with existing ones Fixed amount Handheld type? Early adopters prefer notebook type 78% WiBro Mobile Development Strategy Develop low price mobile phones for public users 95% Develop high mobility support mobile phones for enterprise users Support existing services (Develop dual mode type) Develop notebook internal type or card type in early market Move to PDA or handheld type as market matures Notebook type PDA Source : KISDI, 2003 SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 24/25
WiBro System Development Strategy Time-to to-market Development of Standardized System Proof of Concept development through HPi project Capacity Enhancement Technology Adoption MIMO / AAS / Space time coding adoption Increase the throughput of slowly moving users using UL/DL reciprocal channel characteristics of TDD system Key technology development and TTA phase 2/IEEE802.16e standardization Alternative Low Price Solution Development for Enterprise or Household Users Standardize the configuration applying low power amplifier or looser RF spec to reduce network deployment cost SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 25/25
Appendix. Technology Comparison Peak Data Rate WiBro DL : 18.4Mbps UL : 6.1Mbps TD-CDMA DL : 3.1Mbps UL : 900Kbps 3G Standard HSDPA DL : 14Mbps UL : 2Mbps EV-DO DL :3.1Mbps UL :1.2Mbps WLAN 802.11b : 11Mbps 802.11a,g : 54Mbps Bandwidth = 9MHz 5MHz(10MHz) 5MHz 1.25MHz 20MHz Multiple Access OFDMA TDMA, CDMA TDMA, CDMA CDMA CSMA/CA Duplex TDD TDD FDD FDD TDD Mobility Mid High High High Low Coverage Mid Mid Large Large Small Standardization Target Market TTA & 802.16e Public/ Enterprise 3GPP Public 3GPP Public 3GPP2 Public IEEE 802.11x Home/ Enterprise CSMA : Carrier Sense Multiple Access CA : Collision Avoidance SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 26/25
Q & A Telecom R&D Center SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS Co, Ltd. soon.young.yoon@samsung.com SAMSUNG Electronics Co., Ltd. 27/25