Overview of ANSI INCITS Fingerprint Standards on Data Interchange Format Robert Yen DoD Biometrics Management Office October, 005
Agenda Biometric Standards ANSI INCITS Fingerprint Standards vs. SC 37 Fingerprint Standards ANSI INCITS 38-00 Finger Image-Based Data Interchange Format ANSI INCITS 378-00 Finger Minutiae Format For Data Interchange ANSI INCITS 377-00 Finger Pattern Data Interchange Format
Biometric Standards (/) Approved Data Interchange Formats ANSI INCITS 377-00 Finger Pattern Data Interchange Format ANSI INCITS 378-00 Finger Minutiae Format For Data Interchange ANSI INCITS 379-00 Iris Image Interchange Format ANSI INCITS 38-00 Finger Image-Based Data Interchange Format ANSI INCITS 385-00 Face Recognition Format For Data Interchange ANSI INCITS 396-005 Hand Geometry Interchange Format ISO/IEC 979- Biometric Data Interchange Format - Part : Finger Minutiae Data ISO/IEC 979- Biometric Data Interchange Format - Part : Finger Image Data ISO/IEC 979-5 Biometric Data Interchange Format - Part 5: Face Image Data ISO/IEC 979-6 Biometric Data Interchange Format - Part 6: Iris Image Data 3
Biometric Standards (/) Conformance Testing Methodologies for the Data Interchange Formats (Under development) Generalized Testing Methodology Part Conformance Testing Methodology for INCITS 377 Conformance Testing Methodology for INCITS 378 Conformance Testing Methodology for INCITS 379 Conformance Testing Methodology for INCITS 38 Conformance Testing Methodology for INCITS 385 Other Data Interchange Formats and Related Standards (Under development) INCITS 395 Signature/Sign Data Biometric Sample Quality
ANSI INCITS Fingerprint Standards vs. SC 37 Fingerprint Standards ANSI INCITS Fingerprint Standards INCITS 378 Finger Minutiae Format For Data Interchange INCITS 38 Finger Image-Based Data Format Interchange INCITS 377 Finger Pattern Data Interchange Format SC 37 Fingerprint Standards Biometric Data Interchange Format Part, Finger Minutiae Data (Approved July 005) Biometric Data Interchange Format Part, Finger Image Data (Approved July 005) Biometric Data Interchange Format Part 3, Finger Pattern Spectral Data (FCD) Biometric Data Interchange Format Part 8, Finger Pattern Skeletal Data (CD) FCD: Final Committee Drafts CD: Committee Drafts 5
ANSI INCITS 38-00 Finger Image-Based Data Interchange Format 6
Description The Finger Image-Based Interchange Format is applicable to biometric applications requiring exchange of raw or processed fingerprint images that may not be limited by the amount of resources required for data storage or transmission time. This standard defines the content, format and units of measurement for the exchange of finger image data that may be used in the verification or identification process of a subject. 7
Structure of Finger Image Data Format General Header st Image Header View # st Image Data View # st Image Header View #n Finger/palm image # st Image Data View #n m th Image Header View # m th Image Data View # m th Image Header View #n m th Image Data View #n Finger/palm image #m 8
Image Acquisition Setting Setting level Scan resolution pixels/centimeter Scan resolution pixels/inch Pixel depth (bits) Dynamic range (gray levels) Certification 0 9 5 None 0 98 50 3 5 None 30 97 500 8 80 None 3 97 500 8 00 EFTS/F 0 39 000 8 0 None 39 000 8 00 EFTS/F Setting level: The level at which all of the minimum acquisition parameters were satisfied during the capture of the image. Scan resolution: The number of pixels per unit distance used by a sensor or scanning device to initially capture a fingerprint or palmprint image. Pixel depth: The number of bits per each pixel (single picture element). Dynamic range: The number of gray levels per each image. ppcm: Pixels per centimeter. ppi: Pixels per inch. Certification: Indicates compliance with established certification procedures. EFTS/F indicates compliance to Appendix F of the FBI s Electronic Fingerprint Transmission Specification. 9
Fields of Finger Image Data Format General Header Finger/palm Image Header and Data Format identifier Length of finger data block Version number Finger/palm position Record length 6 Count of views CBEFF Product Identifier View number Scanner ID Finger/palm image quality Number of fingers/palms Impression type Scan resolution (horiz) Horizontal line length Scan resolution (vert) Vertical line length Image resolution (horiz) Reserved Image resolution (vert) Finger/palm image data Var Pixel depth Image compression algorithm Reserved 0
INCITS 38-00 vs. ISO/IEC 979- (Differences) Field CBEFF Product Identifier General Record Header ANSI INCITS 38-00 bytes ISO/IEC FDIS 979-* Not specified Header block size 36 bytes 3 bytes Finger Image Header Record Field Finger/palm image quality ANSI INCITS 38-00 byte (Undefined**) ISO/IEC FDIS 979-* byte (BioAPI specification) * Final Draft International Standard Text for ISO/IEC 979-, Information Technology Biometric data interchange formats Part : Finger image data (00--08) ** Finger/palm image quality (section 7..5) This reserved field shall eventually contain an image quality metric for the scanned finger/palm images. Until standard methods are developed for computing a meaningful image quality metric, this field shall contain the number 5 to indicate an undefined quality measure.
ANSI INCITS 378-00 Finger Minutiae Format for Data Interchange
Description The Finger Minutiae Format for Data Interchange standard specifies a method of creating biometric templates of fingerprint minutiae, such as ridge endings and bifurcations. The specification provides values for: Finger position codes Finger impression-type code (plain up/down or rolled) Ridge counts Core (approximate center of a fingerprint image data) Delta (point of divergence of a ridge) values, etc. 3
Structure of Minutia Data Format Record Header st Finger Header st Finger View # st Minutia Record st Finger View # Last Minutia Record st Finger View # st Extended Data (optional) st Finger View # Last Extended Data (optional) st Finger View #n st Minutia Record All minutia records contain the extended data block length. This field signifies the existence of extended data. Extended data area includes ridge count data, core and delta data, and vendordefined extended data. st Finger View #n Last Minutia Record st Finger View #n st Extended Data (optional) st Finger View #n Last Extended Data (optional) nd Finger,, Last Finger
An Example of Finger Minutia 5
Fields of Finger Minutia Data - /3 Record Header Single Finger View Minutiae Record Format identifier Finger Position Version number View # bits Record length or 6 Impression Type bits CBEFF Product Identifier Finger quality Capture Equip. compliance bits Finger Minutia data Var Capture Equip. ID bits Extended data Var Image size in X Image size in Y X (horizontal) resolution Y (vertical) resolution Number of Finger Views Reserved 6
Fields of Finger Minutia Data - /3 Finger Minutiae Data Type X coordinate Reserved Y coordinate Minutia Angle Minutia Quality bits bits bits bits Minutia Angle X axis Extended Data Block Length Type ID code Bifurcation Minutia Angle Ridge Ending Ridge Ending X axis Minutia Angle Data Length Data Var Y axis 7
Fields of Finger Minutia Data - 3/3 Each extended data area may contain vendor-specific data, or one of following: Ridge count data Ridge count extraction method Ridge count data index # Ridge count data index # Ridge count data count additional ridge counts Size byte byte byte byte Valid Values 0 to to # of minutiae to # of minutiae Var Core and delta data Core information type Number of cores X location Y location Angle (if core info type not equal to 0) Delta information type Number of deltas X location Y location Angle (if delta info type not equal to 0) Valid Values 0 to 0 to 5 Var Var 0 to 79 0 to 0 to 5 Var Var 0 to 79 8
Examples of Extended Data Area Ridge Count Data (Data Type code = ) Extraction method: Four-neighbor (Quadrants) Center minutiae: #5 Ridge Count Data: + X 3 = 3 bytes Data*: 5 5 3 5 5 0 5 6 *The ridge count data shall be listed in increasing order of the index numbers. (Section 6.6..) Quadrant 3 Minutiae # 5 5 5 5 Minutiae # 3 5 6 Ridge Count 0 Extraction method: Eight-neighbor (Octants) Center minutiae: #9 Ridge Count Data: + 8 X 3 = 5 bytes Data*: 9 3 9 6 9 7 5 9 9 0 9 9 0 9 9 0 9 0 3 9 Octant 3-8 Minutiae # 9 9 9 9 9 9 Minutiae # 7 3 9 6-0 Ridge Count 5 0-3 Q Q # # #3 #5 #6 # #7 O O O 3 # # #3 #5 #6 O # #7 #8 #9 Q 3 Q #8 #9 # #0 O 5 # #0 O 6 O 7 O 8 9
Example of Extended Data Area Core and Delta Data (Data Type code = ) Core Data Type: 0 has no angular information Number of Cores: Location: X: 08, Y: 307 Core Data: ( + + = 5 bytes) Data: 08 307 Delta Data Type: 0 has no angular information Number of Deltas: Locations: X: 0, Y: 65 and X: 5, Y: 67 Delta Data: ( + + + + = 9 bytes) Data: 0 65 5 67 Core (08, 307) Delta # (0, 65) Delta # (5, 67) 0
INCITS 378-00 vs. ISO/IEC 979- (Differences) Field Length of Record CBEFF Product Identifier Capture Equipment Record Header ANSI/INCITS 378-00 or 6 bytes ( bytes for less than 65,536) bytes bits (Capture Equipment Compliance) Finger View Header ISO/IEC FDIS 979-* bytes Not specified bits (Capture Equipment Certification) Field Finger position θ: Angle ANSI/INCITS 378-00 ISO/IEC FDIS 979-* 0 0 0 (Not including Plain codes) 0 79 (Resolution is degrees) 0 55 (Resolution is.065 degrees) Extended Data (Optional Information) Field ANSI/INCITS 378-00 Core information type and No. of Cores Core information type go first Delta information type and No. of Deltas Delta information type go first Zonal Quality Data - Cell Width Not specified Cell Height Not specified Cell Information Bit Depth Not specified Cell Quality Data Not specified ISO/IEC FIDS 979-* No. of Cores go first No. of Deltas go first 55 55 55 Var. * Final Draft International Standard Text for ISO/IEC 979-, Information Technology Biometric data interchange formats Part : Finger minutiae data (005-0-06)
ANSI INCITS 377-00 Finger Pattern Data Interchange Format
Description The Finger Pattern Based Interchange Format standard specifies a method of creating biometric templates of fingerprint biometric information using ridge pattern measurements found in fingerprints. 3
Structure of Pattern Data Format Record Header Finger Pattern # - Record Header Finger Pattern # - Data st View Finger Pattern # - Extended Data st View Finger Pattern # - Data Last View Finger Pattern # - Extended Data Last View Finger Pattern #n - Record Header Finger Pattern #n - Data st View Finger Pattern #n - Extended Data st View Finger Pattern #n - Data Last View Finger Pattern #n - Extended Data Last View This Extended Data block of the record is reserved for any proprietary data used by the System Vendor.
Finger Pattern / The standard specifies a method of creating biometric templates of fingerprint biometric information using ridge pattern measurements found in fingerprints. The image is reduced and then grouped into sample cells each cell is 5x5 pixels. The sample cells are then analyzed individually. 5
Finger Pattern / θ: 0 to 80 degrees (where 0 degrees is defined as parallel to the y, or vertical, axis, and a positive increase of θ corresponds to a clockwise rotation.) λ: 0 to Maximal Spatial Frequency, which refers to the (spatial) frequency at which exactly two samples of an image span a complete period of a (co)sinusoidal pattern. δ: 0 to 360 degrees (where 0 degrees corresponds to a ridge being coincident with the origin of a cell.) 6
Fields of Finger Pattern Data - / Record Header Format identifier Number of Pixels in Cells in Y Version number Cellular X-offset Length of record Cellular Y-offset CBEFF Product Identifier Bit-depth of Cell structure Angle Number of Finger Patterns Size of finger pattern in X-direction Size of finger pattern in Y-direction Resolution in x-direction Resolution in y-direction Number of Cells in X-direction Number of Cells in Y-direction Bit-depth of Cell structure Wavelength Bit-depth of Cell structure Phase Offset Bit-depth of Cell structure quality Cell quality granularity Reserved Number of Pixels in Cells in X 7
Fields of Finger Pattern Data - / Finger Pattern Record Header Finger Pattern Data Finger location View number Impression type Finger pattern cell data Var Number of Views Cell quality data Var Fingerprint pattern quality Pattern extended data Var Length of data block 8
INCITS 377-00 vs. ISO/IEC 979-3 (Differences) Parameters θ (0 80) λ Definitions of Parameters ANSI/INCITS 377-00 ISO/IEC FDIS 979-3* 0 degree is defined as parallel to the Y 0 degree is defined as parallel to the X 0 to Maximal Spatial Frequency Minimal Spatial Wavelength to Infinitive Record Header Field ANSI/INCITS 377-00 CBEFF Product Identifier (PID) bytes Size of finger pattern in X-direction (pixels) byte Size of finger pattern in Y-direction (pixels) byte Number of Pixels between Cell Centers in X-direction Not specified Number of Pixels between Cell Centers in Y-direction Not specified Spectral Component Selection Method Not specified Type of Window Not specified Standard Deviation Not specified Number of Frequencies Not specified Frequencies Not specified Number of Orientations Not specified Number of Spectral Components to be Retained per cell Not specified ISO/IEC FIDS 979-3* Not specified Not specified Not specified byte byte byte byte bytes bytes x No. of Frequencies byte 6 bytes * Final Draft International Standard Text for ISO/IEC 979-3, Information Technology Biometric data interchange formats Part : Finger Pattern Spectral data (005-0-0) 9
Contact Information Mr. Robert Yen Booz Allen Hamilton Support Contractor Dr. Ramy Guirguis Booz Allen Hamilton Support Contractor U.S. Department of Defense Biometrics Management Office U.S. Department of Defense Biometrics Management Office Phone: (703) 90-658 Phone: (703) 377-9 Email: yen_robert@bah.com Email: guirguis_ramy@bah.com www.biometrics.dod.mil 30