Market Review Electronic Communications & Postal Services 2010

Market Review Electronic Communications & Postal Services 21

Market Review Electronic Communications & Postal Services 21 Market Review for the Year 21 2

Contents 1. The Electronic Communications Networks and Services Market 4 Introduction 5 1.1. Consumer Price Index 7 1.2. Financial Data of the Electronic Communications Market 8 1.3. Licensing 14 1.4. Access to the Public Telephone Network 14 1.5. Fixed Telephony 16 1.5.1. Retail Outgoing Traffic 16 1.5.2 Revenues of Retail Telephony 21 1.5.3. Alternative Operators Lines 22 1.5.4. Homezone Services 24 1.6. Internet 25 1.6.1. The Internet Market 25 1.6.2. [.gr] Domain Names 26 1.7. Mobile Telephony 28 1.7.1. Mobile Telephony Subscriptions 28 1.7.2. The Use of Mobile Telephony Networks 32 1.8. Comparing Traffic from Fixed and Mobile Phones 36 1.9. Number Portability 37 1.1. Interconnection 39 1.1.1. Fixed Telephony 39 1.1.2. Mobile Telephony 41 1.11. Broadband 44 1.11.1. Evolution of Broadband Lines 44 1.11.2. Broadband Lines by Technology 48 1.11.3. Speeds of Broadband Lines 51 1.11.4. Local Loop Unbundling 53 1.11.5. Collocation 55 1.11.6. Retail Cost of Broadband Access 55 58 2. Postal Services Sector 2.1. The Greek Postal Market 59 2.2. The Evolution of the Postal Market (in items) 6 2.3. The Evolution of the Postal Market (in revenues) 61 2.4. Postal Operators 63 2.5. The Postal Market per Type of Postal Item 67 2.6. Pricing Policy 67 2.7. Employment in the Postal Market 68 2.8. Customer Complaints in the Postal Market 7 2.9. Postal Market Data per Inhabitant 72 2.1. The European Postal Market 73 3. Appendices 76 Ι. Abbreviations 76 ΙΙ. Index of Charts and Tables 77 Market Review for the Year 21 3

1. The Electronic Communications Networks and Services Market Market Review for the Year 21 4

1. The Electronic Communications Networks and Services Market Introduction The current Market Review includes data and charts relating to the Electronic Communications market of Greece and the European Union (EU) for 21. Data collection was based on questionnaires and the relevant report by the European Commission (Digital Agenda Scoreboard) 1. 21 was a critical year for the Greek Electronic Communications market mainly due to the fact that the financial crisis considerably affected the operators financial performance (turnover, gross profit and total assets). Specifically, Mobile Telephony Operators (MTOs) suffered significant reductions of their turnover (16%) and gross profit (113%). Additionally, OTE s turnover declined by 1% due to several factors (fall in domestic and international telephony revenues, interconnection rates, telecommunications equipment sales etc.); the reduction of its revenues was greater than the respective of operational cost resulting to a 59% decrease of gross profit while at the same time its total assets decreased by 3%. On the contrary, the respective data for the Other Alternative Operators (OLOs) increased significantly (turnover by 21%, gross profit by 99% and total assets by 6%), mainly due to the economic performance of HELLAS ON LINE, FORTHNET and CYTA HELLAS. It should be noted that the difficulty in arriving at conclusions still persists due to the fact that some operators apply the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on their balance sheets whereas other operators continue to apply the Greek accounting standards. The intense competition in the fixed telephony market persisted throughout 21. With regard to the volume of outgoing traffic, OTE suffered a decline in its share from 65% in 29 to 6.6%. a fact that benefited the three biggest operators, which increased their total share from 22.1% in 29 to 27.2%. Furthermore, OLOs share in terms of the number of direct connections rose significantly from 18.7% at the end of 29 to 27.3% at the end of 21. At the same time, the retail revenues from fixed telephony kept on falling and registered a further 7% reduction compared to the respective period of 29, mainly due the decrease of traffic revenues (14%). Mobile telephony subscriptions in Greece decreased significantly during 21. Particularly, the total number of connections declined from 2.3 million at the end of 29 to 14.8 million at the end of 21 (a drop by 27%). This reduction pertains mostly to prepaid cards connections and is attributed to the implementation of the Law on the identification of owners and users of mobile telephony services and equipment. Respectively, the number of active connections fell from 13.3 million at the end of 29 to 12.3 million at the end of 21 (a decline by 7.5%). A direct result of this decline was that mobile telephony penetration fell for the first time below the European average in October 21, according to the European Commission data. At the same time, the use of mobile telephony networks was significantly increased despite the aforementioned decline in the number of subscriptions. Specifically, the total volume of voice calls in 21 increased by 14% compared to 29, mostly due to the rise of on-net traffic (26%). Also, the total number of Short Message Services (SMS) rose by 26%, of multimedia messages (MMS) by 11%, and of packet-switched 1 http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/digital-agenda/scoreboard/index_en.htm. After the revision of the above-mentioned report, a significant portion of the Charts concerning fixed and mobile telephony retail tariffs was left out. Market Review for the Year 21 5

data services by 83%. It should be noted that from 28 the number of mobile calls exceeded that of fixed calls corresponding to 58% of total traffic. As regards Interconnection, call termination increased by 9% compared to 29 mainly due to the rise in the volume of calls serviced by OLOs. On the contrary, OTE s call collection decreased by 26% compared to 29 due to the continuing growth of Local Loop Unbundling (LLU) lines (full access). LLU lines increased by 44% reaching 1,346, at the end of 21 compared to 938, at the end of 29. Interconnection traffic in mobile telephony decreased by 11% compared to 29 but financially speaking, this drop was fully counterbalanced, as mentioned before, by the significant increase of on-net traffic (26% compared to 29), which amounts now to nearly 6% of total interconnection traffic. Interconnection rates to OTE s network in October 21 fell by more than 1% compared to the respective period of 29 and remain below the European average with the exception of double interconnection rates. On the other hand, mobile termination rates are still higher than the European average by 14%, despite their steady decrease (the average national termination rate from fixed to mobile fell by 21%). Number Portability continues to facilitate consumers and boost competition between Electronic Communications operators. During 21, 648, mobile numbers and 632, fixed numbers were ported. With regard to Broadband, broadband lines continued to grow reaching 2.3 million lines and registering a 17.5% increase compared to 29. Broadband penetration in Greece amounted to almost 2% of the population, achieving the highest increase among the member states of the EU (2.9 lines per 1 residents compared to a European average of 1.7 lines). However, the fact that the growth rate is steadily declining (4.7% in 27, 4.3% in 28, and 3.6% in 29) makes convergence with the rest of Europe more and more difficult, given that European average penetration amounts to 26.6%. The ongoing rise of LLU is still of the utmost importance, since the number of lines increased by 4% compared to 29, reaching 1.4 million lines (compared to 1 million lines at the end of 29). Full and shared access rates still remain more affordable in Greece compared to the European average (the average cost is 9.28 Euros/month in Greece compared to 9.61 in the EU) in terms of full access, but the shared access rate exceeded the European average for the first time (the average cost is 3.62 Euros/month in Greece compared to 3.29 in the EU). Furthermore, the access speed of broadband lines kept rising with nearly 57% of lines exceeding 1 Mbps and 8% of lines ranging from 2 to 1 Mbps. Similarly, the speed of ADSL lines (wholesale and retail) reached 9.7 Mbps at the end of 21 compared to 4.4 Mbps at the end of 29. Finally, according to the report produced by the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) concerning the retail prices of broadband packages in its member states, the retail cost in Greece is one of the lowest. Especially for speeds ranging from 2.5 to 3 Mbps the retail cost is the lowest among the EU countries which are also members of the OECD. Market Review for the Year 21 6

1.1. Consumer Price Index The general progress of the cost of Electronic Communications services is reflected in the annual course of the general Consumer Price Index (CPI) presented in Charts 1.1 and 1.2. The Communications Sub-Index remains in the upward path that began in mid-29, mainly as a result of the double rise in Value Added Tax (VAT) during 21. Chart 1.1: Progress of the Monthly Consumer Index 13 12 11 1 9 8 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Communications Sub-Index General Consumer Index Source: EETT (based on the National Statistical Service of Greece NSSG) Chart 1.2: Variation of the Monthly Consumer Price Index (%) Compared to the Respective Index of the Previous Year 6. 4. 2.. -2. -4. -6. -8. -1. -12. -14. -16. 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Communications Sub-Index General Consumer Index Source: EETT (based on the National Statistical Service of Greece NSSG) Market Review for the Year 21 7

1.2. Financial Data of the Electronic Communications Market This section presents the basic financial data of the Greek Electronic Communications market derived from the published balance sheets of the licensed operators for the period 2-21. For 21, the various financial data regarding the operators listed in the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE) are based on those operators annual financial statements in conformity with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Additionally, data regarding turnover, investments, etc. that are collected by EETT from licensed operators on a six-month basis have also been taken into account. As depicted in Chart 1.3, the indicators of the entire market 2 are characterized by significant decreases. The operators turnover (Chart 1.4) suffered an 11% decline because of the reduction in OTE s (by 1%) and in MTOs (by 16%) turnover. On the contrary, OLOs registered a 21% increase mainly due to the rise of revenues for HELLAS ON LINE (3%), FORTHNET (27%), and CYTA HELLAS (11%). The decline in gross profit is significantly higher, given that the reduction for OTE is 59% (the company s operational costs were reduced by 1.4% and turnover by 1%) and for MTOs is 11% (mainly due to WIND). OLOs registered an increase by almost 1% due to the significant rise of FORTHNET s gross profit by 3 million Euros. On the other hand, the reduction of assets (Chart 1.6) by 6% is attributed to the decrease of OTE s assets by 3%, mostly due to the reduction of its current assets and of MTOs by 13% (a reduction of WIND s assets by 44% due to the depreciation of its goodwill by 913 million Euros and its inventories by 1 million Euros). Table 1.1 summarizes the financial data as presented in the Charts below. Additionally, Charts 1.7 to 1.1 present a series of ratios that show in detail the financial progress of the operators based on the published balance sheets of fixed and mobile telephony providers 3. When reading the charts, please note that CYTA HELLAS, which started to operate actively in the telephony sector during 21, is included among the alternative fixed telephony operators. Specifically: The Acid Test Ratio (Chart 1.7) presents a decrease by 9% for fixed telephony operators and by 14% for MTOs, showing a significant reduction in their ability to respond promptly to their direct needs. Despite this reduction, the acid test ratio for almost all fixed telephony operators ranges near or over 1, contrary to that of the MTOs which is much less than 1. The Gross Profit Margin Ratio (Chart 1.8) fell by 29% for fixed telephony operators and rose by 3% for MTOs, mainly due to WIND s negative profit margin. The Equity to Total Liabilities Ratio (Chart 1.9) increased by 14% for MTOs (VODAFONE shows a substantial improvement), whereas it fell by 6% for fixed telephony operators, with the average amounting to exactly one unit. The average collecting period (Chart 1.1) decreased for both fixed telephony operators (improvement of the ratio for OTE, HELLAS ON LINE, FORTHNET, NET ONE, and VOICENET) and for MTOs due to the improvement in WIND s performance. 2 All financial data for licensed operators are taken into account. 3 Since the relevant procedure for 21 had not been concluded at the time, the ratios calculation was based on the published balance sheets of 29. Market Review for the Year 21 8

Chart 1.3: Progress of the Financial Data of Licensed Operators Prices (in billion euros) 22 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 19.6 19.5 18.3 18.1 16.7 14.6 12. 12.6 12.8 12.3 9.9 6.3 7.6 7.9 7.7 8.4 8.5 8.2 7.8 7.1 6.9 5.4 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.5 1.6 2. 1.1.2 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21* *Estimation Turnover Gross Profit Total Assets Source: EETT (based on the published balanced sheets) Chart 1.4: Turnover of Electronic Communications Operators Prices (in billion euros) 5. 4.5 4. 3.5 3. 2.5 2. 1.5 1..5. 3.2 1.9 3.4 2.3 Turnover of Electronic Communications Operators 3.3 3.1 3.6 3.1 4.1 2.8 4. 2.7 4.5 4.6 2.7 2.7.5.6.1...3.4.5.6.5.5 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21* 4.5 2.6 4.3 2.4 3.6 2.2 *Estimation OTE Mobile Telephony Operators Alternative Fixed Telephony Operators Source: EETT (based on the published balanced sheets) Market Review for the Year 21 9

Chart 1.5: Gross Profit of the Electronic Communications Operators Prices (in billion euros) 2.5 2. 1.5 1..5. -.5-1. *Estimation 1.87 2.5 1.99 2.6 1.94 1.67 1.67 1.33 1.13.78.89.77 1.4.55.1.1.3.8.2.31.31.31.35.14.13.14.13.8.5.3.7 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 -.14 21* -.82 OTE Mobile Telephony Operators Alternative Fixed Telephony Operators Source: EETT (based on the published balanced sheets) Chart 1.6: Total Assets of Electronic Communications Operators Prices (in billion euros) 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 8.36 8.87 8.41 8.35 7.78 7.55 7.63 8.24 7.95 7.9 7.16 8.14 8.46 6.79 6.21 6.8 7.11 4.27 3.9 3.39 3.64 2.4 1.18.93 1.53 1.32 1.4.5.58.65.13.18.36 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21* *Estimation ΟΤΕ Mobile Telephony Operators Alternative Fixed Telephony Operators Source: EETT (based on the published balanced sheets) Market Review for the Year 21 1

Table 1.1: Progress of the Financial Data of the Electronic Communications Operators Turnover (billion Euros) 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 * ΟΤΕ 3.21 3.45 3.34 3.12 2.85 2.71 2.71 2.66 2.59 2.41 2.17 Mobile Telephony Operators Alternative Fixed Operators (**) Other Operators (***) 1.95 2.95 3.5 3.58 4.8 3.96 4.53 4.59 4.5 4.27 3.58.4.5.1.29.44.53.56.54.53.47.56.25.43.57.61.54.53.56.7.6.62.61 Total 5.45 6.88 7.6 7.61 7.91 7.72 8.36 8.49 8.22 7.77 6.92 Gross Profit (in billion euros) ΟΤΕ.78.89.77.55.2 -.82.31.31.31.35.14 Mobile Telephony Operators Alternative Fixed Operators (**) Other Operators (***) 1.13 1.33 1.67 1.87 2.5 1.67 1.99 2.6 1.94 1.4 -.14.1.1.3.8.14.13.13.8.5.3.7.7.5.3.15.17.12.12.15.17.14.14 Total 1.99 2.28 2.48 2.64 2.55 1.11 2.56 2.59 2.47 1.56.22 Total Assets (in billion euros) ΟΤΕ 7.9 7.55 7.78 7.63 6.79 7.16 6.8 8.36 8.87 8.24 7.95 Mobile Telephony Operators Alternative Fixed Operators (**) Other Operators (***) 2.4 3.39 3.64 3.9 4.27 6.21 8.41 8.14 8.46 8.35 7.29.13.18.36.5.58.65.93 1.18 1.53 1.32 1.4.32.83.86.74.64.6.6.66.77 1.6 1.65 Total 9.94 11.96 12.65 12.77 12.27 14.62 16.74 18.34 19.63 19.51 18.29 * Estimation ** All licensed operators that offer fixed telephony services are included *** All remaining licensed operators are included Source: EETT (based on the published balanced sheets) Market Review for the Year 21 11

Chart 1.7: Acid Test Ratio 1.6 1.4 1.2 1..8.6.4.2. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Fixed Telephony Operators Mobile Telephony Operators Source: EETT (based on the published balanced sheets) Chart 1.8: Gross Profit Margin Ratio Gross Profit Margin Ratio 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Fixed Telephony Operators Mobile Telephony Operators Source: EETT (based on the published balanced sheets) Market Review for the Year 21 12

Chart 1.9: Equity to Total Liabilities Ratio 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1..8.6.4.2. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Fixed Telephony Operators Mobile Telephony Operators Source: EETT (based on the published balanced sheets) Chart 1.1: Activity Ratios 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Average Collecting Period of Fixed Telephony Operators Average Collecting Period of Mobile Telephony Operators Average Paying Period of Fixed Telephony Operators Average Paying Period of Mobile Telephony Operators Source: EETT (based on the published balanced sheets) Market Review for the Year 21 13

1.3. Licensing Table 1.2 shows the number of licensed operators active in the main sectors of the Electronic Communications market by the end of 21. Table 1.2: Licensed Operators Per Category Activity Number of Operators Voice Telephony and Fixed Network Development 158 Voice Telephony 151 Fixed Network Development 51 Satellite Networks 38 2nd Generation Mobile Telephony 7 3rd Generation Mobile Telephony 8 TETRA 5 W-LAN 79 Source: ΕΕΤΤ 1.4. Access to the Public Telephone Network In December 21, the number of main telephony lines reached 5,23,292 (a 46.1% penetration rate) compared to 5,248,56 in December 29 (a reduction by.85%). These include OTE s PTSN and ISDN lines as well as LLU full access lines. Chart 1.11: Penetration of Main Telephony Lines to Greek Population 6% 5% 52.6% 52.9% 52.6% 51.4% 5.8% 4% 49.8% 48.5% 47.7% 46.9% 46.6% 46.1% 3% 2% 1% % 12/2 12/21 12/22 12/23 12/24 12/25 12/26 12/27 12/28 12/29 12/21 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 14

Chart 1.12: Annual Percentage Change of Main Telephony Lines 2% 1%.9% % -.1% -1% -.8% -.8% -.9% -1.3% -1.4% -2% -2.% -1.7% -2.3% -3% -4% 21/2 22/2123/22 24/23 25/24 26/2527/26 28/27 29/28 21/29 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Table 1.3: Progress of Telephony Lines OTE s Main Telephony Lines PSTN ISDN BRA ISDN PRA LLU Full Access Lines Total Lines Dec. 2 5,659,274 96,972 3,946 5,76,192 Dec. 21 5,67,726 199,33 5,385 5,812,144 Dec. 22 5,412,796 349,751 6,23 93 5,768,658 Dec. 23 5,2,231 448,542 6,766 65 5,656,39 Dec. 24 5,78,98 525,499 7,138 1,787 5,613,6 Dec. 25 4,927,622 578,55 7,94 5,18 5,518,239 Dec. 26 4,778,245 597,867 6,213 12,176 5,394,51 Dec. 27 4,59,564 579,533 6,185 232,582 5,327,864 Dec. 28 4,11,12 548,388 5,971 589,234 5,253,695 Dec. 29 3,787,132 517,369 5,677 937,878 5,248,56 Dec. 21 3,378,86 473,449 5,259 1,346,498 5,23,292 Market Review for the Year 21 15

1.5. Fixed Telephony 1.5.1. Retail Outgoing Traffic Throughout 21, the intense competition in the fixed telephony market persisted, with OTE suffering losses in its market share. More specifically, OTE s share in terms of outgoing traffic volume 4 in the basic types of calls (local, long-distance, calls from fixed to mobile and international calls) is estimated to amount to 6.6% in 21 compared to 65% in 29 (see Chart 1.13). With the exception of card resellers and a few operators who are active mainly at the local level and who serve a small number of subscribers, there are 12 alternative operators, beside OTE, who offered retail services in fixed telephony for 21. Out of those operators, only three (included among the biggest alternative operators) increased their share, while the rest saw their share either falling or remaining relatively stable. The distribution of outgoing traffic between OTE, the three biggest OLOs per year, and the remaining OLOs is presented in Chart 1.14. It is worth noting that the three biggest OLOs increased their total market share from 22.1% in 29 to 27.2% in 21, while OTE and the smaller operators suffered losses of 4.4% and.7% respectively during the same period. OTE s share per type of call (Chart 1.15) showed a similar declining trend. Specifically, OTE s share in national calls to fixed phones (i.e., all local and long-distance calls) fell from 67.4% in 29 to 63.3% in 21. For the same period, OTE s share in national calls from fixed to mobile phones, despite its relative stability in the preceding years, fell from 7.5% to 66.2%. Finally and in relation to international calls, including calls via pre-paid cards where competition is stronger, OTE s share fell from 25.6% to 22.6% in 21. The volume of outgoing traffic in fixed telephony continued falling in 21to 2.2% compared to 29, which is the greatest annual drop since 26 (see Charts 1.16 and 1.17). Table 1.15 shows the volume of outgoing traffic per type of call 5. Out of the types of calls presented in Charts 1.18 and 1.19, only international calls show an increasing trend. Dial-up calls, as expected, kept falling dramatically as a result of the continuous shift of Internet users towards broadband access services. National calls to fixed phones, which remained stable from 27 to 29, fell by 2.4% in 21. This decline is due to local calls since, according to EETT s estimations, the duration of long-distance calls is constantly rising. Chart 1.2 and Table 1.5 show the progress of traffic distribution between OTE and OLOs in terms of both directly connected (mainly via LLU) and indirectly connected (mainly via Carrier Selection/Pre-Selection) subscribers. Based on this data, we can easily observe the shift of OLOs towards the provision of services via LLU, with the percentage of traffic coming from their directly connected subscribers amounting to 81.6% of total outgoing traffic in 21 compared to 68.6% in 29. Today, only three OLOs use Carrier Selection/Pre-Selection as their basic model of commercial activity, while the remaining OLOs are either gradually abandoning it or have never adopted it. 4 Henceforth, unless stated otherwise, all references to outgoing traffic concern the outgoing traffic of the basic types of calls, i.e., local, long-distance, calls from fixed to mobile, and international calls. 5 Taking into account the fact that some operators (since 26) do not distinguish between local and long-distance traffic when submitting their data, EETT had to conduct this distribution on its own. The proportion of local to long-distance calls chosen in the aforementioned distribution was 8:2. Market Review for the Year 21 16

Chart 1.13: Progress of ΟΤΕ s Annual Market Shares based on the Outgoing Traffic Volume 8% 75.1% 6% 71.8% 69.5% 67.9% 66.7% 65.% 6.6% 4% 2% % 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Chart 1.14: Progress of Market Shares based on the Outgoing Traffic Volume 1% 8% 1.% 14.9% 12.3% 15.8% 15.% 15.5% 14.7% 17.4% 15.1% 18.2% 12.9% 22.1% 12.2% 27.2% 6% 4% 75.1% 71.8% 69.5% 67.9% 66.7% 65.% 6.6% 2% % 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 OTE Three Biggest Alternative Operators Residual Alternative Operators Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 17

Chart 1.15: OTE s Market Shares per Type of Call based on the Outgoing Traffic Volume 8% 6% 76.7% 71.% 73.2% 7.1% 7.9% 69.9% 71.2% 69.1% 68.% 71.6% 7.5% 67.4% 66.2% 63.3% 54.7% 5.5% 4% 43.% 43.1% 34.6% 2% 25.6% 22.6% % 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 National to Fixed Calls Calls to Mobile International Calls (via prepaid cards) Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Chart 1.16: Progress of the Outgoing Traffic Volume Million Minutes 25, 21,85 21,42 2,855 2,655 2,498 2,557 2,98 2, 15, 1, 5, 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 National to Fixed Calls International Calls (via prepaid cards) Calls to Mobile Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 18

Chart 1.17: Annual Percentage Change (%) of the Outgoing Traffic Volume 2% % -2% -4% -6% -8% -1% -12% -14%.3% -1.9% -1.% -.8% -2.6% -2.2% -6.1% -5.1% -5.6% -9.% -12.6% -13.2% 25/24 26/25 27/26 28/27 29/28 21/29 Total Excluding Dial-up Total Including Dial-up Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Chart 1.18: Progress of Outgoing Traffic Volume Million Minutes 2, 18,444 17,921 17,283 16,898 16,968 16,971 15, 13,697 11,935 16,561 1, 8,273 5, 4,635 3,53 3,585 3,536 3,361 3,481 3,571 3,757 55 2,58 1,267 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 National to Fixed Calls excl. Dial-up Other calls, i.e., to Mobile, International (via cards) Dial-up Calls Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 19

Chart 1.19: Progress of Outgoing Traffic Volume International Calls (via cards) and Calls to Mobile Million Minutes 3, 2,5 2, 2,425 2,513 2,566 2,592 2,439 2,248 2,58 1,5 1, 936 968 1,6 1,166 1,91 1,337 1,478 5 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 International calls (via cards) Calls to mobile Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Table 1.4: Outgoing Traffic Volume per Type of Call (million minutes) 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Local Calls* 15,74 15,15 14,584 14,12 13,738 13,542 13,45 Long-distance Calls* 2,741 2,77 2,699 2,885 3,23 3,429 3,516 National to Fixed Calls 18,444 17,921 17,283 16,898 16,968 16,971 16,561 Dial-up Callls 13,697 11,935 8,273 4,635 2,58 1,267 55 International Calls (via cards) 936 968 1,6 1,166 1,91 1,337 1,478 Calls to Mobile 2,425 2,513 2,566 2,592 2,439 2,248 2,58 Total excl. Dial-up 21,85 21,42 2,855 2,655 2,498 2,557 2,98 Total incl. Dial-up 35,52 33,337 29,128 25,29 23,6 21,824 2,62 *All data regarding the local and long-distance calls after 26 are based on EETT s estimations derived from allocating some providers total of local and long-distance traffic to local and long-distance, based on a 8:2 local to long-distance analogy. Market Review for the Year 21 2

Chart 1.2: Progress of the Outgoing Fixed Calls Volume Distribution Between OTE and Directly and Indirectly Connected Customers of Other Operators Million minutes 25, 2, 15, 5,251 169 5,799 233 6,2 35 5,644 99 3,649 3,184 2,256 4,939 1,454 6,462 1, 5, 16,385 15,369 14,484 14,21 13,665 13,362 12,182 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 ΟΤΕ Other Operators - Directly Connected Subscribers Other Operators - Indirectly Connected Subscribers Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Table 1.5: Distribution of the Volume of Outgoing Traffic Volume between OTE and Directly and Indirectly Connected Subscribers of Other Operators (million minutes) 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 ΟΤΕ 16,385 15,369 14,484 14,21 13,665 13,362 12,182 Other Operators - Directly Connected Subscribers 169 233 35 99 3,184 4,939 6,462 Other Operators - Indirectly Connected Subscribers 5,251 5,799 6,2 5,644 3,649 2,256 1,454 Total 21,85 21,42 2,855 2,655 2,498 2,557 2,98 1.5.2. Revenues of Retail Telephony The declining course of fixed telephony revenues persisted in 21, as depicted in Chart 1.21. Apart from monthly rentals and traffic revenues, this Chart includes one more category covering revenues from bundled services packages, for which no further analysis was provided by the operators. These packages include, beside the telephony revenues (monthly rentals and calls) for certain operators, also the revenues from Internet access services and/or Internet protocol television (IPTV). Market Review for the Year 21 21

Chart 1.21: Retail Revenues of Fixed Telephony Million Euros 2,5 2, 1,5 791 853 891 88 815 766 72 1, 5 1,277 1,164 1,86 29 949 133 786 19 697 228 596 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Connection, Monthly Rentals and Additional Facilities Telephony Packages (access and traffic) Traffic (local, long-distance, to mobiles and international excluding the traffic via prepaid Cards) Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) 1.5.3. Alternative Operators Lines The share of OLOs 6 in terms of the number of access lines increased by 27.3% at the end of 21 (1,419, connections) compared to 18.7% at the end 29 (981, connections). The greatest percentage of OLOs connections (approximately 95%) concerns LLU lines which increased by 44%, reaching 1,346, at the end of 21 compared to 938, at the end of 29. At the same time, Carrier Pre-Selection lines fell even further from 276, at the end of 29 to 24, at the end of 21 (a fall by 26%). The rise in LLU lines and the parallel decrease in Carrier Pre-Selection lines observed since 27 (Chart 1.22) is attributed to the considerable shift, especially until 29, of a substantial part of OLOs customers from Carrier Selection/Pre- Selection to LLU. Chart 1.23 shows Carrier Pre-Selection lines as a percentage of OTE lines (PTSN and ISDN- BRA), which reached 5.3% at the end of 21. Moreover, the Wholesale Line Rental (WLR) 7 service seems to be limited since it was only offered by two operators until the end of 21, and the number of relevant lines rose from 42, at the end of 29 to nearly 72, (Chart 1.24). 6 This share concerns full access LLU, ISDN PRA, and Wholesale Line Rental (WLR) lines. 7 It must be reminded that WLR, which became available in the Greek market since the first semester of 29, allows alternative operators to rent a subscriber line from OTE wholesale and to resell it to the final user in combination with the Carrier Pre-Selection service. As a result, subscribers are charged both for their calls and for their monthly rentals via a single account which they receive from the alternative operator through which they have activated their Pre-Selection. Market Review for the Year 21 22

Chart 1.22: Alternative Operators Lines via Carrier Pre-Selection or LLU (at semester s end) Lines (thousands) 1.6 1.4 1.2 1. 8 6 4 2 12 8 5 7 233 412 4 589 2 1 96 926 956 952 742 789 636 673 533 53 1,346 1,16 773 938 371 276 231 24 H1 24 H2 24 H1 25 H2 25 H1 26 H2 26 H1 27 H2 27 H1 28 H2 28 H1 29 H2 29 H1 21 H2 21 H: Semester Carrier-Pre-Selection Lines LLU Lines Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Chart 1.23: Pre-Selection Lines as a Percentage of OTE Lines (at semester s end) Lines (thousands) 2,% 15,% 1,% 5,% 9.5% 11.3% 13.4% 16.5% 17.% 17.8% 18.% 15.5% 13.8% 1.8% 8.3% 6.4% 5.7% 5.3%,% H1 24 H2 24 H1 25 H2 25 H1 26 H2 26 H1 27 H2 27 H1 28 H2 28 H1 29 H2 29 H1 21 H2 21 H: Semester Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Note: ISDR-PRA lines are not taken into account, since for this type of lines pre-selection is meaningless Market Review for the Year 21 23

Chart 1.24: Activated Lines for Wholesale Line Rental 8, 7, 6, 59,56 71,883 5, 4, 42,45 3, 2, 1, 8,941 H: Semester H1 29 H2 29 H1 21 H2 21 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) 1.5.4. Homezone Services Until mid-29, the number of subscribers for homezone services, as depicted in Chart 1.25, had increased significantly. Subsequently, however, it followed a declining course reaching 14, subscribers at the end of 21. The progress of homezone outgoing traffic was similar (Chart 1.26): it rose up until 29 and has been declining ever since, amounting to 193 million minutes in the second semester of 21 (compared to 279 in the second semester of 29). Chart 1.25: Homezone Subscriptions at the end of the semester Subscriptions (thousands) 25 2 15 144 187 191 178 156 14 1 99 5 H: Semester H2 27 H1 28 H2 28 H1 29 H2 29 H1 21 H2 21 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 24

Chart 1.26: Outgoing Traffic from the Provision of Telephony Services from Homezone Packages Million Minutes 3 25 274 267 279 2 15 181 215 193 1 121 5 H2 27 H1 28 H2 28 H1 29 H2 29 H1 21 H2 21 H: Semester Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) 1.6. Internet 1.6.1. The Internet Market The number of Internet subscribers (Chart 1.27) kept rising and approximated 2,284, lines (dial-up and broadband) at the end of 21 compared to 1,987, at the end of 29 registering an annual increase of 14.9%. Dial-up connections have kept declining (Chart 1.28) and contribute currently only 1% of total connections. These figures do not take into account occasional users through pre-paid access cards. Chart 1.27: Internet Subscribers 1998-21 Thousands 2,4 2,2 2,284 2, 1,8 1,987 1,6 1,4 1,667 1,2 1, 8 6 4 2 1,257 952 886 687 52 392 297 173 45 18 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 25

H1 2 H2 2 H1 21 H2 21 H1 22 H2 22 H1 23 H2 23 H1 24 H2 24 H1 25 H2 25 H1 26 H2 26 H1 27 H2 27 H1 28 H2 28 H1 29 H2 29 H1 21 Chart 1.28: Internet Subscribers, 1998-21 Thousands 2.5 2. 1.5 1. 5 2,258 1,57 1,917 16 51 488 1,17 297 392 52 635 725 464 45 18 173 24 235 7 26 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Dial-Up Access Broadband Access Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) 1.6.2. [.gr] Domain Names The significant increase of both the number of applications and of the total assigned [.gr] Domain Names persisted throughout 21. The total number of Domain Names, including sub-domains (com.gr, net.gr, org.gr, edu.gr, gov.gr) reached almost 4, at the end of the year. Chart 1.29 shows the progress of the total number of Domain Names for the period 2-21. Accordingly, Chart 1.3 presents the progress of the requested and the assigned Domain Names, Chart 1.31 shows the progress of the assignment percentage over the submitted applications and Chart 1.32 indicates the annual progress of the average assignment percentage for the period 22-21, which fell to 87% from 88% in 29. Chart 1.29: Progress of Domain Names, 2-21 45. Progress of Domain Names, 2-21 4. 35. 3. 25. 2. 15. 1. 5. Source: EETT Market Review for the Year 21 26

Jan.-27 Feb.-27 March-27 Apr.-27 May-27 June-27 July-27 Aug.-27 Sept.-27 Oct.-27 Nov.-27 Dec.-27 Jan.-28 Feb.-28 March-28 Apr.-28 May-28 June-28 July-28 Aug.-28 Sept.-28 Oct.-28 Nov.-28 Dec.-28 Jan.-29 Feb.-29 March-29 Apr.-29 May-29 June-29 July-29 Aug.-29 Sept.-29 Oct.-29 Nov.-29 Dec.-29 Jan.-21 Feb.-21 March-21 Apr.-21 May-21 June-21 July-21 Aug.-21 Sept.-21 Oct.-21 Nov.-21 Dec.-21 Jan.-27 Feb.-27 March-27 Apr.-27 May-27 June-27 July-27 Aug.-27 Sept.-27 Oct.-27 Nov.-27 Dec.-27 Jan.-28 Feb.-28 March-28 Apr.-28 May-28 June-28 July-28 Aug.-28 Sept.-28 Oct.-28 Nov.-28 Dec.-28 Jan.-29 Feb.-29 March-29 Apr.-29 May-29 June-29 July-29 Aug.-29 Sept.-29 Oct.-29 Nov.-29 Dec.-29 Jan.-21 Feb.-21 March-21 Apr.-21 May-21 June-21 July-21 Aug.-21 Sept.-21 Oct.-21 Nov.-21 Dec.-21 Chart 1.3: Number of Requested and Assigned Domain Names Number of Requested and Assigned Domain Names 12. 1. 8. 6. 4. 2. Note: Lighter colors present the volume of applications, while darker ones present the volume of assigned Names. Source: Institute of Computer Science of the Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (ICS-FORTH) Chart 1.31: Assignment Percentage Over the Applications Number 12% Assignment Percentage Over the Applications Number 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% % Source: Institute of Computer Science of the Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (ICS-FORTH) Market Review for the Year 21 27

Chart 1.32: Average Assignment Percentage 22-21 1% 9% 8% 7% 84% 89% 91% 94% 94% 88% 87% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 49% 54% % 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: EETT 1.7. Mobile Telephony 1.7.1. Mobile Telephony Subscriptions During 21 mobile telephony connections 8 started declining gradually. Specifically, as shown in Table 1.6 and Chart 1.33, total connections decreased from 2.3 million at the end of 29 to 14.8 million at the end of 21 (a 27% drop), while active connections 9 fell from 13.3 million at the end of 29 to 12.3 million at the end of 21 (a 7.5% fall). This fall pertains almost exclusively to pre-paid cards connections (Chart 1.34). The latter fell by almost 5.4 million (from 15.6 million at the end of 29 to 1.3 million at the end of 21), while active connections decreased by almost 93, (from 8,712, at the end of 29 to 7,783, at the end of 21). On the contrary, post-paid connections only fell by 73, (from 4,583, at the end of December 29 to 4,51, at the respective period of 21). Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that this decline is mainly due to the implementation of the new Law on the identification of owners and users of mobile telephony equipment and services. Comparatively, COSMOTE suffered the smallest losses and its share in terms of the total number of subscribers exceeded 5% for the first time (Chart 1.35). Accordingly, the penetration rate (of active connections) presented a gradual decline and amounted to 116.2% in 21 compared to 125% in 29 (October data), falling below the European average for the first time (12.3%) according to data from the Digital Scoreboard 211 (Chart 1.36). 8 We use the term connection or subscription instead of subscriber. We don t refer to the number of subscribers as physical persons or entities but to the total number of connections/subscription, since a subscriber may have more than one subscription/connection. 9 By active connections or active subscriptions we mean the subscriptions/connections that have generated retail or wholesale revenues within the last quarter. Market Review for the Year 21 28

Number of Subscribers (mil.) Table 1.6: Total and Active Connections/Subscriptions Dec. 4 Dec. 5 Dec.6 Dec. 7 Dec. 8 Dec. 9 Dec. 1 Total Connections 11,59,92 12,448,473 13,874,674 16,226,675 18,918,92 2,298,12 14,815,75 Number of Active Connections 1,14,233 1,243,395 11,97,515 12,294,912 13,799,34 13,295,93 12,292,716 Chart 1.33: Progress of Mobile Telephony Subscriptions/Connections 25 Progress of Mobile Telephony Subscriptions/Connections 2 15 1 5 Dec-1 Dec-9 Dec-8 Dec-7 Dec-6 Dec-5 Dec-4 Dec-3 Dec-2 Dec-1 Total Number Number of Active Subscriptions/Connections Source: EETT (based on mobile operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 29

Chart 1.34: Progress of the Post-paid and Pre-paid Mobile Connections Number Number of Subscribers (mil.) 22 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Dec-1 Dec-2 Dec-3 Dec-4 Dec-5 Dec-6 Dec-7 Dec-8 Dec-9 Dec-1 Pre-paid Post-paid Source: EETT (based on mobile operators data) Chart 1.35: Mobile Operators market shares on the number of Mobile Telephony Connections Mobile Operators market shares on the number of Mobile Telephony Connections 1% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Dec-1 Dec-9 Dec-8 Dec-7 Dec-6 Dec-5 Dec-4 Dec-3 Dec-2 Dec-1 COSMOTE VODAFONE WIND Q-TELECOM Source: EETT (based on mobile operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 3

Chart 1.36: Mobile Telephony Penetration in Europe Italy Portogal Finland Lithouania Austria Luxembourg Denmark Latvia Bulgaria UK Germany Sweden Cyprus Czech Republic Spain Estonia EU Ireland Netherlands Greece Romania Poland Malta Hungary Belgium Slovakia Slovenia France 154.5% 146.% 151.7% 146.2% 15.8% 136.7% 147.% 147.3% 145.6% 133.5% 144.% 142.1% 136.6% 126.% 136.1% 12.4% 133.4% 138.9% 131,7% 126.2% 13.9% 131.9% 128.% 12.9% 127.6% 135.7% 123.6% 134.% 12.6% 117.6% 12.6% 116.1% 12.3% 121.9% 118.3% 119.3% 116.5% 128.5% 116.2% 125.2% 113.6% 115.3% 11.8% 18.% 18.8% 11.% 18.4% 16.2% 18.3% 12.9% 17.9% 1.% 12.6% 12.2% 94.1% 9.2% 29 21 Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 Market Review for the Year 21 31

1.7.2. The Use of Mobile Telephony Networks Despite the significant fall in the subscribers number, the use of mobile telephony networks presents a continuous increase in terms of the volume of voice calls and the number of short message services (SMS), multimedia messages (MMS) and the packet-switched data services. Specifically, the volume of voice calls realized within the year follows a continuous increasing trend, reaching 27.2 billion minutes in 21 compared to 24 billion minutes in 29 (a 14% rise) (Chart 1.37). This rise is due exclusively to on-net traffic, which increased from 15.7 billion minutes in 29 to 19.8 billion minutes in 21 (a 26% rise), amounting to 73% of the volume of mobile telephony voice calls (Charts 1.38 and 1.39). On the contrary, all the other types of calls (calls to mobile phones off-net, calls to fixed phones, and international calls) presented a small decline during 21. The number of SMS messages has almost doubled within the last 5 years, reaching 9.8 billion messages (Chart 1.4) at the end of 21 compared to 7.8 billion at the end of 29 (a 25.5% rise) and 3.6 billion at the end of 26. The increase for 21 is entirely due to on-net messages, since all other types of messages declined. The on-net messages amount to 84.2% of the total messages for 21 compared to 73.2% in 29 (Chart 1.41). MMS messages show a smaller decrease, reaching 32.33 million at the end of 21 compared to 29.6 million in 29 (a rise by 11.3%) (Chart 1.42). Lastly, packet-switched data services via mobile telephony networks increased considerably in 21, reaching 7.68 billion Mb at the end of the year compared to 4.2 billion Mb at the end of 29 (a 83% rise) (Chart 1.43). Chart 1.37: Volume of Voice Calls Originated from Mobile Telephony Billion Minutes 3 27.2 25 24. 2 16.9 2.9 15 14. 1 9.1 11.3 5 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 32

Chart 1.38: Volume of Voice Calls per Category Billion Minutes 25 2 19.8 15 12.2 15.7 1 5 3.6 3.5 6.4 9. 4.8 4.3 5.1 5.1 5.2 4.8 4.2 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.4.4.4.5.7.9.9.8 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 On-net Off-net Mobile to Fixed Mobile to International Destinations Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Chart 1.39: Volume of Voice Calls per Category (percentages) 12% 1% 8% 6% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 4% 3% 17% 15% 14% 12% 12% 11% 9% 38% 38% 37% 31% 25% 2% 15% 4% 2% 4% 42% 46% 53% 59% 65% 73% % 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 On-net Off-net Mobile to Fixed Mobile to International Destinations Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 33

Chart 1.4: Total Number of SMS Billions 12 1 9.8 8 7.8 6 5.4 5.7 4 3.6 2 26 27 28 29 21 Source: EETT (based on mobile operators data) Chart 1.41: Total Number of SMS per Category Billions 9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. 5,727 8,271 1,58 1,123 On-net Off-net To Fixed Destinations 66 3 218 185 137 13 34 41 64 73 To Value Added International Services Destinations Roaming Other 29 21 Source: EETT (based on mobile operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 34

Chart 1.42: Total Number of MMS Millions 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 29.1 32.3 1, 5,, 29 21 Source: EETT (based on mobile operators data) Chart 1.43: Total Number of Data via Mobile (MB) Billions 9 8 7 7.68 6 5 4 3 4.2 2 1 29 21 Source: EETT (based on mobile operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 35

1.8. Comparing Traffic from Fixed and Mobile Phones Charts 1.44 and 1.45 show the volume of traffic from both fixed and mobile phones and their respective market shares, including calls to fixed phones, calls to mobile phones and international calls, but excluding dial-up calls and calls to special numbers (such as short codes and numbers with zero, reduced or additional charge). Calls from mobile phones, which have exceeded the volume of calls from fixed phones since 28, represent 58% of total traffic in 21. This change is due more to the rapid increase in the volume of calls from mobile phones (which had increased by 2% compared to 24) than to the relatively small decrease in the traffic volume from fixed phones (8% compared to 24). Chart 1.44: Volume of Calls Originated from Fixed and Mobile Telephony Billion Minutes 3 27.2 25 2 21.8 21.4 2.9 2.7 2.9 24. 2.5 2.6 2.1 15 16.9 1 11.3 14. 9.1 5 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Volume of Calls form Fixed Telephony Volume of Calls form Mobile Telephony Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 36

Jan.-27 Feb.-27 March-27 Apr.-27 May-27 June-27 July-27 Aug.-27 Sept.-27 Oct.-27 Nov.-27 Dec.-27 Jan.-28 Feb.-28 March-28 Apr.-28 May-28 June-28 July-28 Aug.-28 Sept.-28 Oct.-28 Nov.-28 Dec.-28 Jan.-29 Feb.-29 March-29 Apr.-29 May-29 June-29 July-29 Aug.-29 Sept.-29 Oct.-29 Nov.-29 Dec.-29 Jan.-21 Feb.-21 March-21 Apr.-21 May-21 June-21 July-21 Aug.-21 Sept.-21 Oct.-21 Nov.-21 Dec.-21 Chart 1.45: Market Shares of Fixed and Mobile Telephony 24-21 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 71% 29% 65% 35% 6% 4% 55% 45% 5.4% 49.6% 54% 46% 58% 42% 2% 1% % 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Fixed Telephony Market Share Mobile Telephony Market Share Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) 1.9. Number Portability The applications for Number Portability continued to grow in 21. The progress of applications and of ported numbers for fixed and mobile telephony is presented in Charts 1.46 and 1.47. Chart 1.48 shows the progress of ported numbers per month. During 21, 1,13,4 applications for mobile telephony were submitted (a 47% rise compared to 75,375 applications in 29), and 648,74 numbers were ported (a 33% increase). For fixed telephony, 83,883 applications were submitted and 631,611 numbers were ported (a 16% increase in both cases). Chart 1.46: Number Portability: Applications and Ported Numbers of Mobile Telephony Number Portability: Applications and Ported Numbers of Mobile Telephony 3.. 2.5. 2.. 1.5. 1.. 5. Applications Ported Numbers Source: EETT Market Review for the Year 21 37

Jan.-27 Feb.-27 March-27 Apr.-27 May-27 June-27 July-27 Aug.-27 Sept.-27 Oct.-27 Nov.-27 Dec.-27 Jan.-28 Feb.-28 March-28 Apr.-28 May-28 June-28 July-28 Aug.-28 Sept.-28 Oct.-28 Nov.-28 Dec.-28 Jan.-29 Feb.-29 March-29 Apr.-29 May-29 June-29 July-29 Aug.-29 Sept.-29 Oct.-29 Nov.-29 Dec.-29 Jan.-21 Feb.-21 March-21 Apr.-21 May-21 June-21 July-21 Aug.-21 Sept.-21 Oct.-21 Nov.-21 Dec.-21 17.487 16.68 19.88 31.945 24.986 34.623 36.437 42.389 39.615 3.734 26.95 28.81 28.555 28.15 34.489 24.13 28.79 31.947 29.22 32.93 31.487 42.78 43.474 43.973 4.818 42.234 4.192 32.377 38.221 4.62 41.351 49.918 49.792 45.425 57.152 6.826 56.62 62.219 59.179 44.8 49.182 49.73 54.326 59.633 41.918 36.512 3.947 25.325 4.81 6.456 8.791 18.489 21.163 24.663 27.688 35.439 46.467 46.98 46.776 57.292 37.74 39.533 65.629 45.625 45.987 39.949 16.393 26.139 45.112 4.689 47.699 6.516 47.78 44.493 5.917 48.893 47.252 39.58 47.897 37.54 36.75 42.387 52.559 55.867 41.43 43.551 53.59 42.386 48.65 49.615 51.969 63.86 61.64 6.586 59.51 56.57 Jan.-27 Feb.-27 March-27 Apr.-27 May-27 June-27 July-27 Aug.-27 Sept.-27 Oct.-27 Nov.-27 Dec.-27 Jan.-28 Feb.-28 March-28 Apr.-28 May-28 June-28 July-28 Aug.-28 Sept.-28 Oct.-28 Nov.-28 Dec.-28 Jan.-29 Feb.-29 March-29 Apr.-29 May-29 June-29 July-29 Aug.-29 Sept.-29 Oct.-29 Nov.-29 Dec.-29 Jan.-21 Feb.-21 March-21 Apr.-21 May-21 June-21 July-21 Aug.-21 Sept.-21 Oct.-21 Nov.-21 Dec.-21 Chart 1.47: Number Portability: Applications and Ported Numbers of Fixed Telephony Number Portability: Applications and Ported Numbers of Fixed Telephony 3.. 2.5. 2.. 1.5. 1.. 5. Applications Ported Numbers Source: EETT Chart 1.48: Number Portability: Ported Numbers per Month Number Portability: Ported Numbers per Month 13. 12. 11. 1. 9. 8. 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. Mobile Telephony Fixed Telephony Source: EETT Market Review for the Year 21 38

1.1. Interconnection 1.1.1. Fixed Telephony Chart 1.49 presents the historical progress of Interconnection traffic for the OLOs, including call origination and termination from/to OTE s network. During 21, call origination dropped significantly compared to 29 and reached 1.85 billion minutes (a 26% drop compared to 29). In contrast, call termination increased by 9% compared to 29 (4.4 billion minutes as opposed to 4 billion minutes, respectively). The reduction in the call origination volume is mainly related to the significant growth of full LLU lines since, in this case, the subscriber is directly connected to the alternative operator s network without the interference of OTE s network and the call origination procedure is consequently rendered unnecessary. According to the European Commission s report (Digital Agenda Switchboard 211), the local and double Interconnection fees in Greece in October 21 were lower than the European average, whereas the single Interconnection fee was marginally higher. Charts 1.5 to 1.52 show the Interconnection fees to the incumbent Electronic Communications operator s network for each EU member state depending on Interconnection type (local, single, or double). Greece has the most affordable prices among the EU member states, since it ranks 8 th for local, 14 th for single, and 12 th for double Interconnection. Chart 1.49: Interconnection Traffic of Alternative Operators via OTE Million minutes 7. 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 21 21 Call Origination Call Termination Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 39

France Denmark Poland UK Sweden Cyprus Bulgaria Italy Hungary Portugal Slovenia Ireland Netherlands Greece Estonia Malta Spain Belgium Germany Luxembourg Romania Slovakia Latvia Czech Republic Austria Finland Eurocents/minute,,,65,,1,1,24,29,4,35,55,55,89,56,63,57,64,64,75,67,68,68,76,7,69,71,82,71,78,78,8,8,93,86,87,87,89,89 1,,96,97,97 1,28 1,15 1,54 1,21 1,47 1,39 1,28 1,58 2,27 2,39 Poland UK Italy Sweden Cyprus Slovenia France Greece Hungary Netherlands Ireland Germany Portugal Bulgaria Spain Belgium Luxembourg Denmark Slovakia Estonia Malta Austria Romania Czech Republic Lithuania Finland,1,1,16,2,36,3,38,32,34,34,39,39,43,4,48,42,51,51,48,52,56,53,54,54,54,54,66,54,6,6,62,62,76,73,48,74,86,77,78,78,8,8,82,82,84,84 1,23 1,56 2,27 Eurocents/minute 1,23 1,27 2,39 Chart 1.5: Local Interconnection Fees, 21 3, Local Interconnection Fees, 21 2,5 2, 1,5 1,,5,47, October 29 October 21 Weighted Average EU 26 Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 Chart 1.51: Single Interconnection Fees, 21 3,5 Single Interconnection Fees, 21 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1,,86,5, October 29 October 21 Weighted Average EU 26 Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 Market Review for the Year 21 4

France Denmark Italy Poland Spain Sweden UK Cyprus Hungary Portugal Malta Greece Ireland Slovenia Bulgaria Romania Belgium Latvia Germany Slovakia Lithuania Czech Republic Austria,,,86, 1,,,1,1,12,12,46,4,41,49,63,63,69,69 1,2,78,8,8 1,7,88 1,3,91,95,95 1,84 1,6 1,12 1,54 1,34 1,65 2,9 1,84 2,25 1,2 1,6 1,12 Eurocents/minute 1,21 1,34 1,51 1,82 1,84 2,16 Chart 1.52: Double Interconnection Fees, 21 4, Double Interconnection Fees, 21 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1,,8,5, October 29 October 21 Weighted Average EU 23 Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 1.1.2. Mobile Telephony The Interconnection traffic of the MTOs (on-net traffic not included) fell slightly in 21, as shown in Chart 1.53 which presents the national and international Interconnection traffic (both incoming and outgoing) for mobile telephony. In total, the fall amounted to 11% compared to the 29 figures and is equivalent to a 1.5- billion-minute reduction on an annual basis. Additionally, national outgoing traffic fell by 1% and national incoming traffic by 12%. Chart 1.54 shows on-net traffic for the three MTOs which reached 19.7 billion minutes in 21 and registered a further increase by 26% compared to 29 (around 4 billion minutes), thus amounting to 6% of total Interconnection traffic. At the same time, the gradual reduction in the termination fees of mobile networks continued, as shown in Chart 1.55. Finally, Chart 1.56 presents the Average National Termination Fee on mobile telephony networks for the 27 EU member states (data as of October 21). Greece is the 19 th most expensive country with an average termination fee of 6.24 eurocents/minute compared to 5.46 of the European average. However, its distance from the European average (Chart 1.57) is decreasing, since in 21 Greece was more expensive from the European average by 14.3% (compared to 19.5% in 29). Market Review for the Year 21 41

Million minutes Chart 1.53: Interconnection Traffic of the Mobile Telephony Operators Million minutes 4, 3,5 3, 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 H1 H2 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 21 21 National Incoming National Outgoing International Incoming International Outgoing Source: EETT (based on mobile operators data) Chart 1.54: On-net Traffic of the Mobile Telephony Operators On-net Traffic of the Mobile Telephony Operators 12. 7% 1. 57% 6% 6% 8. 41% 43% 49% 5% 5% 6. 24% 24% 25% 27% 29% 3% 35% 37% 4% 3% 4. 2% 2. 1% Α' Semester 24 Β' Semester 24 Α' Semester 25 Β' Semester 25 Α' Semester 26 Β' Semester 26 Α' Semester 27 Β' Semester 27 Α' Semester 28 Β' Semester 28 Α' Semester 29 Β' Semester 29 Α' Semester 21 Β' Semester 21 % On-net Traffic Percentage over the Total Interconnection Traffic Source: EETT (based on mobile operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 42

Cyprus Sweden Latvia Finland Austria Slovenia Romania France UK Portugal Spain Germany Hungary Denmark Estonia Belgium Luxembourg Italy Netherlands Malta Ireland Greece Lithuania Slovakia Poland Czech Republic Bulgaria 1,98 1,84 3,47 2,82 8,74 5,94 5,2 4,9 4,25 3,26 5,46 4,92 5,44 5,7 5,82 3,93 5,5 4,85 6,5 5,5 7,8 5,59 6,78 6,78 6,1 5,16 7,45 6, 8,69 7,8 8,8 4,94 8,51 8,53 8,23 6,97 7,4 5,6 8,66 6,17 9,88 8,5 7,86 6,24 8,34 5,22 8,3 6,53 4,12 4,3 9,46 6,8 11,76 6,65 Eurocents/minute Chart 1.55: Progress of Mobile Termination Fees Eurocents/minute 25 2 2 15 1 5 18 17 17 17 15 14.5 14.5 12.59 12 11.74 12.5 11.74 11.71 1.71 1.67 9.911.41 9.89 7.86 7.86 6.24 6.24 6.24 24 25-26 27 28 29 21 Cosmote Vodafone Wind Source: EETT Chart 1.56: Average National Interconnection Fee for Call Termination on Mobile Networks 25 Average National Interconnection Fee for Call Termination on Mobile Networks 2 15 1 5,46 5 October 29 October 21 Weighted Average EU 27 Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 Market Review for the Year 21 43

Chart 1.57: Average National Interconnection Fee for Call Termination on Mobile Networks Eurocents/minute 16 14.86 14 12.4 12 1 8 6 4 12.65 11.1 1.96 9.67 1.3 8.55 7.86 6.58 6.24 5.46 2 October 25 October 26 October 27 October 28 October 29 October 21 EU Weighted Average Greece Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 1.11. Broadband 1.11.1. Evolution of Broadband Lines Broadband connections reached 2,252,653 at the end of 21 compared to 1,916,63 at the end of 29, registering an annual increase of 17.5% (Charts 1.58 and 1.59). Broadband penetration amounted to 19.9% compared to 17% in 29 (Chart 1.6). The growth of the broadband penetration rate in Greece during 21 (2.9%) was the highest in the EU and substantially higher than the European average (1.7%), which is an indication of the ongoing convergence of Greece with the rest of Europe (Charts 1.61 and 1.62). As a result of this progress, Greece improved its ranking among EU states and reached the 22 nd place compared to the 24 th place at the end of 29. However, it should be noted that the growth rate of broadband penetration is declining (from 4.7% in 27 to 2.9% in 21) despite the relatively low broadband penetration in Greece (Chart 1.62). Market Review for the Year 21 44

Chart 1.58: Progress of Broadband Lines Progress of Broadband Lines 2.4. 2.2. 2.. 1.8. 1.6. 1.629.322 1.794.295 1.753.434 2.252.653 2.154.282 2.38.75 2.15.76 1.916.63 1.4. 1.2. 1.. 8. 6. 623.155 94.256 761.79 1.125.257 1.17.475 1.311.221 1.56.614 1.245.974 4. 488.179 2. Dec.-26 March-27 June-27 Sept.-27 Dec.-27 March-28 June-28 Sept.-28 Dec.-28 March-29 June-29 Sept.-29 Dec.-29 March-21 June-21 Sept.-21 Dec.-21 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 45

Chart 1.59: EU Broadband Lines by Member State on 1/1/211 Germany 26,161,95 France UK 21,261, 19,61,363 Italy Estonia 1,892,519 13,274,398 Netherlands Poland Belgium Romania Sweden Czech Republic Greece Portugal Denmark Hungary Austria Finland Bulgaria Ireland Slovakia Lithuania Slovenia Latvia Estonia Cyprus Luxembourg Malta 6,416,886 6,115,85 3,373,143 2,999,761 2,981,962 2,268,468 2,252,653 2,175,679 2,15,221 2,57,82 2,2,37 1,559,4 1,125,59 1,35,772 893,221 684,52 494,65 434,655 357,797 194,455 166,259 121,88 5,, 1,, 15,, 2,, 25,, 3,, Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 Market Review for the Year 21 46

Chart 1.6: Broadband Penetration Rate on 1/1/211 Netherlands Denmark Luxembourg France Germany Sweden UK Belgium Malta Finland Estonia EU - 27 Cyprus Slovenia Austria Spain Ireland Italy Czech Republic Hungary Lithuania Portugal Greece Latvia Slovakia Poland Bulgaria Romania 16.5% 16.% 14.9% 14.% 33.1% 32.9% 32.% 31.9% 31.6% 31.2% 29.5% 29.1% 26.7% 26.6% 24.4% 24.1% 23.9% 23.7% 23.2% 22.% 21.6% 2.6% 2.5% 2.5% 19.9% 19.3% 38.9% 38.8% % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25% 3% 35% 4% Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 Market Review for the Year 21 47

Chart 1.61: Increase of Broadband Penetration Rate in the EU Member States in 21 Greece Malta Czech Republic Poland France Spain Cyprus Belgium Portugal Hungary Bulgaria EU - 25 Slovakia Lithuania Germany Italy Slovenia Netherlands UK Romania Luxembourg Ireland Denmark Estonia Sweden Latvia.%.4%.7% 1.2% 1.2% 1.% 1.% 1.% 1.% 1.% 2.2% 2.2% 2.1% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 1.7% 1.7% 1.6% 1.6% 1.5% 2.9% 2.7% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% % 1% 2% 3% 4% Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 Market Review for the Year 21 48

Chart 1.62: Annual Increase of Broadband Penetration Rate in Greece and the EU (broadband lines per 1 inhabitants) 5 4 3.3 3.9 4.2 3.9 4.7 4.3 3.6 3 2.9 2.6 2.9 2 2. 1.7 1.4 1. 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 EU Greece Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 1.11.2. Broadband Lines by Technology The xdsl lines via LLU exceeded 49% of broadband lines at the end of 21 constituting the basic mode of broadband access. In contrast, the percentage of OTE s retail ADSL lines on 31-12-21 fell even further to 48.9% compared to 55.3% on December 31 st, 29, while ADSL lines reached 1.66% compared to 2.7% on the same date. Finally, the level of broadband lines of other technologies remains very low at a percentage of less than.5%. Chart 1.63: Distribution of Broadband Lines by Technology, December 21.4% 49.% 48.9% 1.7% ADSL Lines of OTE ADSL Lines of OLOs via ARYS xdsl Lines of OLOs via LLU Lines of Other Technologies Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 49

Chart 1.64: Progress of Broadband Lines by Technology 2,4, 2,2, 2,, 1,8, 1,6, 1,4, 1,2, 1,, 8, 6, 4, 2, Dec. 21 Sept. 21 June 21 March 21 Dec. 29 Sept. 29 June 29 March 29 Dec. 28 Sept. 28 June 28 March 28 Dec. 27 Sept. 27 June 27 March 27 Dec. 26 ADSL Lines of OTE xdsl Lines of OLOs via LLU ADSL Lines of OLOs via ARYS Lines of Other Technologies Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Chart 1.65: Distribution of Broadband Lines by Access Type 1% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5%.4% 49.2% 1.66%.2% 47.6% 1.89%.4% 45.84% 2.9%.4% 44.% 2.32%.4% 41.46% 2.75%.5% 4.1% 3.3%.4% 4.5% 3.7%.4% 37.3% 4.6%.4% 36.% 6.3%.4% 34.% 8.6%.5% 28.6% 12.9%.5% 24.2% 16.5%.5% 2.% 21.9% 4% 3% 48.94% 5.35% 51.67% 53.28% 55.35% 56.1% 55.3% 57.6% 57.3% 57.% 58.% 58.8% 57.6% 2% 1% % Dec. 21 Sept. 21 June 21 March 21 Dec. 29 Sept. 29 June 29 March 29 Dec. 28 Sept. 28 June 28 March 28 Dec. 27 ADSL Lines of OTE ADSL Lines of OLOs via ARYS xdsl Lines of OLOs via LLU Lines of Other Technologies Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 5

1% 98% 93% 91% 88% 84% 8% 79% 71% 71% 69% 58% 58% 57% 55% 54% 53% 52% 51% 44% 44% 4% 4% 38% 31% 31% % 2% 7% 9% 12% 16% 2% 21% 29% 29% 31% 42% 42% 43% 45% 46% 47% 48% 49% 56% 56% 6% 6% 62% 69% 69% 29% 71% Chart 1.66: Fixed Broadband Lines by Technology, December 21 1% Fixed Broadband Lines by Technology, December 21 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Greece Italy France Cyprus Germany Luxembourg Spain UK Finland Ireland Austria Slovenia Denmark Netherlands Sweden Belgium Portugal Malta Poland Slovakia Estonia Latvia Hungary Czech Republic Lithuania Bulgaria Romania DSL Broadband other means Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 1.11.3. Speeds of Broadband Lines Chart 1.67 presents the distribution of all broadband lines by access speed. Most broadband lines now operate at speeds (download) equal to or more than 1Mbps (56.6%). 8% of lines operate at speeds ranging from 2 up to 1Mbps, whereas the remaining 35.5% of lines operate at speeds equal to 2Mbps. At the end of 29, the percentages were 35.9%, 16% and 48% respectively, indicating the gradual shift of users towards high speed products (Chart 1.68). Lastly, Chart 1.69 shows the progress of the average speed of ADSL lines (wholesale and retail), which over-doubled though 21, reaching a speed of 9.7Mbps compared to 4.4Mbps at the end of 29. Chart 1.67: Percentage Distribution of Broadband Line Speeds, December 21 35.5% 56.6% 7.9% =2 Mbps > 2 Mbps & <1 Mbps > 1 Mbps Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 51

Μbps Chart 1.68: Progress of Broadband Line Speeds 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% % March 8 July 8 Sept.8 Dec.8 March 9 July 9 Sept. 9 Dec. 9 March 1 July 1 Sept. 1 Dec. 1 =2 Mbps > 2 Mbps & <1 Mbps?1 Mbps Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Chart 1.69: Progress of Average Access Speed 12 Progress of Average Access Speed 1 8,8 9,3 9,7 8 6 4,6 4 2 1,1 2, 2,5 2,8 2,8 2,9 4, 4,1 4,4 Dec-7 March-8 June-28 Sept.-28 Dec.-28 March-29 June-29 Sept.-29 Dec.-29 March-21 June-21 Sept.-21 Dec.-21 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 52

1.11.4. Local Loop Unbundling ASDL access via LLU (Chart 1.7) kept rising during 21 and reached 1,379,743 lines at the end of the year compared to 987,31 at the end of 29, registering a 4% increase approximately and constituting the biggest part of broadband lines. This increase is entirely due to full access lines, which rose by 43.5% compared to the end of 29 (they amounted to 1,346,493 compared to 937,878 on 31-12-29). On the contrary, the shared access lines are decreasing constantly reaching 33,25 on 31-12-21 compared to 49,432 lines on 31-12-29 (a 32.7% reduction). The average monthly access cost for a LLU line in Greece amounted to 9.28 Euros compared to 9.61 Euros of the European average, making Greece the 1 th most affordable country of the EU (Chart 1.71). The relevant price for 29 was 9.14 Euros (a 2% rise due to the double increase in VAT). Accordingly, the average monthly access cost for a shared access LLU line amounted to 3.62 Euros compared to 3.29 Euros of the European average, making Greece the 13 th most affordable country of the EU (Chart 1.72). The relevant price for 29 was 3.24 Euros (an increase by 12%). Chart 1.7: Progress of LLU Lines Thousands 1,5 1,4 1,3 1,2 1,1 1, 9 8 7 6 5 4 274 3 361 465 412 546 491 828 733 646 677 773 589 887 834 1,38 1,281 1,21 1,346 1,12 1,244 987 1,16 1,56 938 2 1 55 57 56 55 53 49 46 41 38 33 12/27 3/28 6/28 9/28 12/28 3/29 6/29 9/29 12/29 3/21 6/21 9/21 12/21 Full Access Lines Shared Access Lines Total LLU Lines Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) Market Review for the Year 21 53

,94,83 1,5 1,52 1,7 1,87 2,2 2,33 2,33 2,97 2,67 2,61 2,74 2,78 2,78 3, 2,9 2,96 2,96 3,27 3,27 3,57 3,57 3,24 3,62 3,72 3,78 3,78 4,6 3,81 4,95 4,27 4,57 4,57 Euros 5,87 4,78 4,81 4,81 5,5 5,5 5,77 5,64 6,34 6,34 6,61 6,42 7,59 6,91 7,57 7,57 8,46 8,11 9,66 5,44 5,98 7,23 6,75 7,15 7,8 9,9 7,35 7,47 7,67 7,7 7,7 8,46 8,46 Euros 8,51 1,19 8,97 9,14 9,28 11,1 9,38 9,57 9,44 9,63 9,63 9,49 9,72 9,52 9,93 1,5 1,5 1,39 1,39 1,53 1,42 1,51 1,51 11,33 1,53 11,19 11,6 11,16 11,16 11,97 11,97 12,12 12,12 13,28 13,28 17,68 13,66 15,25 13,98 Chart 1.71: Monthly Average Total Cost per Fully Unbundled Loop 2, 18, 16, 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2,, 9,61 Poland Austria Netherlands Lithuania Estonia Hungary Monthly Average Total Cost per Fully Unbundled Loop Spain Bulgaria Slovakia Greece Belgium Slovenia Latvia Italy October 29 October 21 UK Portugal France Sweden Romania Denmark Germany EU Average Cyprus Malta Czech Republic Luxembourg Ireland Finland Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 Chart 1.72: Monthly Average Total Cost per Shared Access 1, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1,, 3,29 Netherlands Belgium Poland Ireland Hungary Italy Monthly Average Total Cost per Shared Access UK Cyprus Germany Spain Czech Republic Portugal Greece Slovakia Malta Austria Bulgaria France Sweden Slovenia Latvia October 29 October 21 EU Average Denmark Romania Estonia Lithuania Luxembourg Finland Source: European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 211 Market Review for the Year 21 54

March-27 June-27 Sept.-27 Dec-27 March-8 June-28 Sept.-28 Dec.-28 March-29 June-29 Sept.-29 Dec.-29 March-21 June-21 Sept.-21 Dec.-21 41 62 OTE s L/Es 1 116 152 152 152 152 154 154 168 168 168 169 173 173 1.11.5. Collocation Chart 1.73 presents the progress of OTE s Local Exchanges providing physical collocation to OLOs, whose number stabilized at 173 at the end of 21 compared to 168 at the end of 29. Chart 1.73: Progress of Physical Collocation 18 Progress of Physical Collocation 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Source: EETT (based on the licensed operators data) 1.11.6. Retail Cost of Broadband Access OECD recently published a series of data on the retail price of broadband access packages in its member states during September 21 1 which are presented in the following Charts. The following points must be taken into account so as to fully understand the Charts: The prices appearing in the Charts are weighted in terms of equivalent Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), with the US dollar being the reference currency. The Charts present and compare average prices (medians) per country. The absence of certain EU member states from the relevant Charts is due to the fact that no retail access packages are offered in their markets for these particular speed categories. In the current report, special effort has been made to present all statistic data concerning Greece that can be used seamlessly for statistical assessments. For example, the report avoids statistical data on the price range of retail access packages (total and per Mbps) because in Greece no retail access packages are offered for two of the five speed categories that were included in the relevant assessment. 1 http://www.oecd.org/document/54/,3746,en_2649_34225_386912_1_1_1_1,.html Market Review for the Year 21 55

Hungary Estonia Slovakia Austria Finland Greece Belgium Slovenia Poland Sweden Germany Ireland Portugal Spain 18,4 21,3 21,15 23,22 25,27 26,13 27,69 Cost in USD PPP 3,68 31,6 31,93 32,33 41,53 56,62 58,8 The report does not include prices for bundled service packages (combining broadband access to the Internet with other services, such as access to the public telephone network, telephony, television or Internet video etc.). The basic conclusions are the following: - For the nominal speed categories up to 2.5 Mbps (Chart 1.74) and among 14 EU member states, Greece has the 6 th lowest price in retail broadband access ($26.13 PPP). - For the nominal speed categories ranging from 2.5 to 15 Mbps (Chart 1.75) and among 2 EU member states, Greece has the lowest price in retail broadband access ($22.25 PPP). - For the nominal speed categories ranging from 15 to 3 Mbps (Chart 1.76) and among 21 EU member states, Greece has the lowest price in retail broadband access ($29.9 PPP). Chart 1.74: Monthly Subscription Fee for Speeds up to 2.5 Mbps 7 Monthly Subscription Fee for Speeds up to 2.5 Mbps 6 5 4 3 2 1 Source: OECD Market Review for the Year 21 56

Greece Estonia Slovakia Austria Sweden Finland Italy Germany Denmark UK France Slovenia Poland Netherlands Czech Republic Belgium Hungary Portugal Ireland Spain Luxembourg 29,2 31,66 32,55 35,96 35,96 36,47 37,32 37,63 38,43 38,72 4,45 Cost in USD PPP 44,78 46,41 47,34 51,69 52,55 55,31 56,46 57,39 7,8 87,59 Greece Austria Finland UK Denmark Slovakia Sweden Hungary Belgium Italy Estonia Germany Poland Netherlands Slovenia Czech Republic Ireland Portugal Spain Luxembourg 22,25 26,82 26,99 Cost in USD PPP 29, 29,51 31,26 31,97 32,49 33,24 34,41 35,2 35,25 36,33 41, 42,32 42,65 48,48 53,78 58,75 59,21 Chart 1.75: Monthly Subscription Fee for Speeds 2.5 to 15 Mbps 7 Monthly Subscription Fee for Speeds 2.5 to 15 Mbps 6 5 4 3 2 1 Source: OECD Chart 1.76: Monthly Subscription Fee for Speeds 15 to 3 Mbps 1 Monthly Subscription Fee for Speeds 15 to 3 Mbps 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Source: OECD Market Review for the Year 21 57

2. The Postal Market Market Review for the Year 21 58

Introduction The Greek postal market includes the following sub-markets: a) the Universal Service (US) market, within which the Universal Service Provider (USP) and postal service providers under Individual License operate and (b) the Courier Market, within which postal services providers under General Authorisation operate. The Courier market is fully liberalized. In contrast, in the US market, the USP (ELTA) monopolizes the handling postal items weighing up to 5gr. However, this restriction is not applied if the price is equal to or greater than 2.5 times the basic fee for the domestic A priority letter weighing 2gr. Based on the 3 rd Postal Directive 6/28, the full market opening in Greece is expected to be completed on January 1, 213, while it should be noted that the Public Consultation on the Draft Law integrating this Directive into Greek law has already been concluded. Besides, the postal markets of most European Union (EU) countries, which represent 95% of the total European market, have already been fully liberalized since January 1, 21. In a critical period for the liberalization of the postal market in Europe, and given the adverse economic climate in which the mail volume is substantially declining in all the advanced European markets, close cooperation between independent national regulators is very important. In this framework, on August 1, 21, the European Commission established the European Regulators Group for Postal Services (ERGP), in which EETT is an active participant. ERGP s aim is to develop efficient regulatory practices within a single European postal market. 2.1. The Greek Postal Market For 21, the total revenues of the postal market reached the amount of 76 million Euros, corresponding to the distribution of 678 million items. The decline in postal traffic observed in 21 concerns both revenues (- 5%, compared to 29) and the number of postal items handled (-6.8%, compared to 29). This reduction came mainly from the USP (ELTA) and to a lesser extent from the Courier operators. Table 2.1.: Postal Items Volume 29-1 (in pcs) 29 21 21 /9 Universal Service Provider (Hellenic Post) Postal Service Providers under Individual License 671,668,468 622,525,829-7.3% 6,71,881 6,765,362.8% Postal Service Providers under General Authorisation (Courier) Total Postal Market (in Volume) 49,986,523 49,186,647-1.6% 728,365,872 678,477,838-6.8% Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 59

Table 2.2.: Postal Items Revenue 29-1 (in euros) 29 21 21 /9 Universal Service Provider (Hellenic Post) Postal Service Providers under Individual License 448,63,625 417,133,96-7.% 2,549,272 2,497,758-2.% Postal Service Providers under General Authorisation (Courier) Total Postal Market (in Value) 291,97,16 286,149,11-2.% 743,87,57 75,78,774-5.% Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data 2.2. The Evolution of the Postal Market (in items) Τhe decline in the handling of postal items, which was first observed in 29, continued in 21. The postal items handled in total (letter post and parcels) reached 678 million, decreased by 5 million compared to 29. In 21, the number of postal items handled experienced a record drop in the history of the Greek market. It must be noted that this drop came from letter post and not from parcel mailing. Chart 2.1.: Volume Evolution of Postal Market (base year 2) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 6

Chart 2.2.: Annual Percentage Evolution of Postal Market in Volume 21-21 (%) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Chart 2.3.: Annual Percentage Evolution of Universal Services & Courier (in volume) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data 2.3. The Evolution of the Postal Market (in revenues) Just as with the number of postal items, the decline in revenues, which was first observed in 29, continued in 21. The value of the postal market decreased by 37 million Euros compared to 29. In 21 the postal market experienced for the first time such a sharp decline in revenues, which is the result of the drop in handled volume and of the parallel preservation of prices/tariffs on the same levels due to intense competition. Just as with the number of postal items, the USP (ELTA) experienced the greatest drop in revenues in 21. Market Review for the Year 21 61

Chart 2.4.: Value Evolution of Postal Market (base year 2) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Chart 2.5.: Annual Percentage Evolution of Postal Market in Value (21-21) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Chart 2.6.: Annual Percentage Evolution of Universal Services & Courier (in value) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 62

2.4. Postal Services Providers The number of postal services providers under General Authorisation (Courier) enlisted in EETT s Registry (including their networks) amounted to 1,334 on December 31, 21, increased by 9% compared to 29. Approximately 38% of all providers have a Registry Number, with the rest participating in the network of other registered companies. ELTA is the market leader with a 91.7% share in the number of postal items handled in 21. Courier operators have a 7.3% share, while postal services providers under Individual License handle 1% of the market. Revenue shares are considerably different, since Courier operators have more than 4% of the market and the USP almost 6%. Postal Services providers under Individual License have a very small percentage, below.5%. Chart 2.7.: Registered Postal Service Providers Evolution Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 63

Chart 2.8.: Market Share in 21 (in volume %) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Chart 2.9.: Market Share in 21 (in value %) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 64

Chart 2.1.: Postal Items per category and weight (21) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Chart 2.11.: Postal Items Volume Change in % (21 vs. 29) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 65

Chart 2.12.: Letter Post - Market Share in volume Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Chart 2.13.: Total Parcels Volume Shares Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 66

2.5. The Postal Market per Type of Postal Item The majority of postal items concerns documents (up to 2kg) which account for 7% of the volume handled in 21. These are followed by standard parcels (from 2kg to 35kg) with 24% and, lastly, by small parcels (up to 2kg) with 6%. It is worth noting that the composition of postal items handled (letter post or parcels) was substantially altered in 21 compared to 29. More specifically, letter post decreased by 51.5 million items (-7.3% compared to 29), whereas parcels increased by almost 1.6 million items (+8.6% compared to 29). With regard to letter post, the USP (ELTA) dominates the market by handling 94% of the total volume of letter post in the Greek postal market. It is for this reason that ELTA experienced a much greater drop in volume (-13.3%) compared to Courier operators, where the drop was much lower (-1.6%). The decline in the number of letter post handled is also observed at the European level, mostly due to substitution by email. In contrast, the positive trend observed in the number of parcels handled in 21 is a result of the continuous growth of electronic commerce (e-shopping). 2.6. Pricing Policy For the consumer, the delivery of a domestic letter post using Courier operators costs 3.6 Euros on average (not including VAT), while the delivery of a domestic parcel costs twice more than a domestic letter post (7.28 Euros) Additionally, the delivery of a letter post /parcel abroad costs 5-6 times more than the respective domestic delivery. The prices for domestic delivery of letters have remained virtually stable in the years 29-21, while there was a small decline in the prices of domestic delivery of parcels and a more significant decline in the prices of international parcels (-32% compared to 29). The USP s relevant prices are much lower not only because of its obligation to offer affordable prices, but also due to the average delivery time which is higher compared to Courier operators. The customers of Courier operators are mainly companies specializing in commerce and services, with significant annual volumes of postal items. Hence, they have considerable bargaining power in their contracts with Courier operators. For 21, customers under contract amounted to 87% of the volume and 82.3% of the value in Courier services sector. Over time, couriers rely increasingly on big customers. Wholesale customers enjoy a discount of approximately 3% over retail customers. Table 2.3.: Average Price per Item (in EUR) Type of Postal Item Destination 28 29 21 Letter Post Domestic 3.5 3.57 3.6 Parcel Domestic 7.1 8.87 7.28 Letter Post International 13.5 23.9 23.29 Parcel International 42.8 56.5 38.37 Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 67

Table 2.4.: Average Price per Item of Universal Service Provider (Hellenic Post) (in EUR) Type of Postal Item Destination 28 29 21 Letter Post Domestic.58.62.63 Parcel Domestic 5.25 5.43 5.72 Letter Post International.8.83.8 Parcel International 2.37 12.92 11.99 Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Table 2.5.: Average Price per item per Client Category 28 29 21 Retail Customers (cash) 7.8 7.5 8.1 Business Customers (credit) 5.7 5.6 5.5 2.7. Employment in the Postal Market Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data The number of employees in the postal sector suffered an unprecedented decrease in the history of the Greek postal market. Thus, in 21 the staff was reduced by 2,179 workers compared to 29. 58% of all employees in the postal market work for the US provider, while the remaining 42% work for other postal service providers. The greatest reduction of staff came from Courier sector (-14.2%), while a smaller reduction was also observed in the US provider (-7%). Table 2.6.: Number of Employees in Postal Market 29 21 Difference 29-21 Universal Service Provider (Hellenic Post) Postal Service Providers under Individual Licence 11,746 1,929-7.% 191 184-3.7% Courier 9,184 7,829-14.2% Total Postal Market 21,121 18,942-1.8% Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 68

Chart 2.14.: Employment Evolution in Postal Market Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Chart 2.15.: Number of Employees per Postal Service Provider Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 69

Chart 2.16.: Annual Employment Evolution in Postal Market 2.8. Customer Complaints in the Postal Market Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data In 21 complaints increased by 16% compared to 29. The biggest increase concerned damage of postal items. Despite the general rise in complaints, the amount paid out for compensation decreased by 12% in total. As a result, the postal market in 21 spent in total 62,738 Euros for compensations. In most cases (98%), disputes are resolved through amicable settlements. Chart 2.17.: Evolution of Customer Complaints (per category) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 7

Table 2.7.: Customer Complaints Handling 25 26 27 28 29 21 Friendly Settlement 5,98 5,499 5,45 6,925 4,848 5,672 Dispute Settlement Committee 87 131 141 141 135 133 Settlement via EETT 1 1 5 17 2 Court 58 1 1 2 1 4 Total 5,244 5,631 5,197 7,73 5,1 5,811 Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Chart 2.18.: Average Compensation (per complaint category) Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data Market Review for the Year 21 71

Chart 2.19.: Average Compensation (per complaint category) 2.9. Postal Market Data per Inhabitant Source: EETT, based on postal service providers data In 21, 6.3 postal items per inhabitant were handled on average. In the region of Attica as expected due to population concentration postal traffic was above the Greek average and reached 116 postal items (letter post or parcels) per inhabitant. Chart 2.2.: Average Compensation (per complaint category) Market Review for the Year 21 72

Chart 2.21.: Courier Domestic Postal Items per capita (21) Chart 2.22.: Universal Service Provider - Domestic Postal Items per capita (21) 2.1. The European Postal Market According to the latest EU Report published in November 21, including data from 31 countries, the European market of Postal Services is a dynamic sector of 7.2 billion Euros and 1.6 million employees. The contribution of postal market to the more developed countries GDP is greater compared to the less developed countries. First comes Sweden with a 1.4% participation of the postal market in GDP, while Greece and Cyprus are in the last two positions. Market Review for the Year 21 73

Chart 2.23.: Postal Market as a percentage of GDP (29) Source: European union - Postal Market Report, November 29 In terms of the cost paid by European citizens for the delivery of a simple first priority domestic letter post (via the US provider of each country), it varies considerably among the countries ranging from.23 to.81 Euros (with an average of.5 Euros). A significant divergence is observed in the price of simple first priority domestic letter post (up to 2gr). Chart 2.24.: Prices in euros for a first priority domestic letter post (29) A significant price divergence is also observed in the delivery of parcels weighing 1 kg, which range from.9 to 15.1 Euros. Sweden, Norway and Finland rank highest with the most expensive prices in parcel delivery. Market Review for the Year 21 74

Chart 2.25.: Prices in euros for parcel of 1kg (29) The volume of handled items declined by 5% compared to 27. This decline concerns all postal items or services. There was an even greater decline with regard to services in postal items with no recipient address, in books, catalogues, newspapers and magazines as well as in direct mail services. Chart 2.26.: Growth Evolution 27-29, in 11 counties Market Review for the Year 21 75