Information Systems Infrastructure APPA-Institute for Facilities Management J. Craig Klimczak, D.V.M., M.S. Vice-chancellor for Technology St. Louis Community College 300 South Broadway St. Louis, MO 63102 cklimczak@stlcc.edu Learning Objectives Examine the issues surrounding telecommunications deregulation and evaluate its potential impact on college and university utility infrastructures Become familiar with the physical layer components of information system infrastructures that provide audio, video, and data communications. Describe different types of network topologies Understand the significance and the implications of the telecommunications physical infrastructure on information speed and usability Discuss digital telecommunication options provided by Ethernet, DSL and Cable Modems Telecommunications Deregulation Telecommunications Act of 1996 enacted on February 8, 1996 Chargeg Usher in a new era of market-driven competition Encourage rapid deployment of new information technologies and services Keep prices low 1
Components of Campus Telecommunications Infrastructure Private Branch Exchange (PBX) Outside Cable Plant Inside Cable Plant Local Area Network Wide Area Network Engineering Emergency Response Telecommunications For Dummies (Experts) Open Systems Interconnection Application Layer Presentation Layer Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer Physical Layer Circuits: Physical: the complete path of an electric current including the source of the energy Virtual:??????? 2
Physical Layer Elements Telecommunications Media Topology Transmission Rate Transmission Mode Channels and Multiplexing Telecommunications Media Bounded Media: signals are confined to the medium; they never leave it. Unbounded Media: signals are not confined to the medium; they are free to propagate through the atmosphere, the ocean, and outer space Types of Bounded Media Twisted Pair Coaxial Cable Conductive Shield Core Insulation Fiber-Optic Cable Protective Jacket Core Protective Jacket Cladding 3
Types of Unbounded Media Test your knowledge Why is the type of media so important? Topology Point to Point Complete Star Bus Ring Tree Irregular 4
Which topology is chosen for its ability to recover from a cable cut? Ring or Mesh Transmission Rate The capacity of a communication channel, measured as the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies carried by the channel. The greater the bandwidth, the greater the amount of information that can be simultaneously transmitted over the channel. Bandwidth = Tx Rate 56K Modem ISDN Phone 384 DSL T-1 Cable Modem 10M Ethernet 100M Ethernet 1G Ethernet 4,525 sec 1,980 sec 660 sec 169 sec 84 sec 25 sec 2.5 sec.2 sec 5
Which network connection would allow you to watch a movie in real time? 10M Ethernet t or Greater Transmission Mode Synchronous versus Asynchronous Synchronous: moves several characters at the same time 0011 1101 1111 1101 0000 1111 1010 0101 1110 0110 Time Asynchronous: moves one character at a time 001111011111 110100001111 11100110 Time Telecommunication Channel Channel: Part of a telecommunication system that forms the link between message source and message destination. 6
Statistical Multiplexing Based on probability that no two people transmit at the same time Channel Capacity Bandwidth Time Time Division Multiplexing Transmission media is divided up into repeating time periods. (channelized transfer mode) Channel Capacity Bandwidth Frequency Division Multiplexing A type of multiplexing where channels are separated by frequency Example TV Radio Frequency Time 7
How do you get more out of single channel? Multiplexing Many into one Why do you choose one multiplexing scheme over another? Depends upon type of traffic Interactive t ti voice and video are continuous fixed rate streams for a designated period of time between designated receivers. Broadcast video is fixed rate continuous to nondiscriminate receivers Data is variable rate bursty streams between designated receivers. In Building Wiring Supports LAN Phone Cable TV Structured Cabling System Category 5 Category 6 8
Local Area Network (LAN) Data transferred in Frames Peer to Peer Networking Low level protocols IEEE 802.# Ethernet 802.3 Token Ring 802.5 Token Bus 802.4 Transport level Novell IPX/SPX TCP/IP BICSI Building Industry Consulting Services International Promotes the economical and efficient design and implementation of telecommunications distribution systems in commercial and multi-family buildings International non-profit professional association Founded in 1974 Approximately 20,000 members in >85 countries! TDM Manual The BICSI Telecommunications Distribution Methods Manual 9
LAN Design Manual Topics include: LAN Overview Cabling Standards LAN Design Ethernet, Token-Ring, FDDI, ATM Internetworking Wide Area Networks and much more... Contact BICSI BICSI World Headquarters 8610 Hidden River Parkway Tampa, FL 33637-1000 USA Phone: 800-242-7405or 813-979-1991 Fax: 813-971-4311 E-mail: bicsi@bicsi.org Closing Remarks Networks can be complex to understand, we can simplify them by breaking them down into layers Voice, video, and data are all now represented as bits Technologies are allowing special purpose networks to converge into a single infrastructure 10
Information Systems Infrastructure APPA-Institute for Facilities Management J. Craig Klimczak, D.V.M., M.S. Vice-chancellor for Technology St. Louis Community College 300 South Broadway St. Louis, MO 63102 cklimczak@stlcc.edu 11