5 th European IFMBE MBEC, Budapest, September 14-18, 2011 Semantic Annotation and Linking of Medical Educational Resources N. Dovrolis 1, T. Stefanut 2, S. Dietze 3, H.Q. Yu 3, C. Valentine 3 & E. Kaldoudi 1 1 Democritus University of Thrace, Greece 2 Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania 3 The Open University, UK
the real-world need enormous and fast expansion in bio-medical knowledge wide and deep access to specialized state-of-the-art biomedical educational resources is needed by educators: updated synchronized with current trends exposed to alternative resources to introduce refreshed and contemporary educational experiences by learners: self-directed learning, personalized learning pathways, etc
the real-world need share biomedical educational resources variety of types: conventional specific to a domain biomedical educational resources interactive, engaging, participatory, variety of types heterogeneous sources/repositories
the real-world need share biomedical educational resources users: educators learners biomedical educational resources
share educational resources biomedical educational resources
share educational resources the social network forms around the educational resources educational resource biomedical educational resources social object
a semantic social network for educational content sharing a heterogeneous social network of humans and educational resources social profiles enriched and linked via semantic technologies controlled vocabularies Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud (semantic ) resource descriptions are exposed to LOD cloud
goal: facilitate educational content sharing by rich interlinking among resources & users rich social profile for resources & users link resources link resources and users
the aim an environment for sharing educational content submit one s own content (description, rather than content) including IPR declaration search and find relevant educational content browse educational content descriptions and view educational information about the object history of usage and repurposing, usage related info,.. related resources (e.g. publications, curricula, etc) interact with educational content review, rate, comment, link,
the concept 1) educational resources (of any type) reside somewhere on the, on: dedicated Learning Content Management Systems personal homepages of authors professional/scientific pools of content (e.g. PubMed PMC Open Archives) 2) educational resources are described in MM+ based on a metadata scheme (meducator metadata) only metadata about resources and links to the actual resource are kept in MM+ educational resources reside in their own URL (external to MM+)
the concept 3) the description of educational resources is enriched via controlled vocabularies and semantic linking metadata lifting to the meducator schema enrichment & linking via controlled vocabularies (e.g. SNOMED, ICD9/10, MESH, etc) (further semantic enrichment via the LOD cloud) 4) search and rich linking are based on enriched descriptions as well as their usage (attention metadata) organization of family trees as developed through resource repurposing dynamic grouping via their common profile characteristics and usage (linking to other related resources, e.g. scientific publications, certification, etc)
meducator metadata scheme a set of fields that describe an educational resource general fields: title, URL, Intellectual Property Rights license, identifier (e.g. OKKAM), general resource description: authors, creation date, keywords, content description, technical requirements, educational aspects: context, educational objectives, expected learning outcomes, assessment methods, prerequisites, instructions, classification: language, type, discipline, subdiscipline, level, repurposing history: parents & repurposing context meducator metadata scheme: http://purl.org/meducator/ns/
http://metamorphosis.med.duth.gr/ implemented based on the ELGG open source social network engine (http://elgg.com)
semantic linking of data and services service linking & metadata lifting RDF store metadata enrichment Linked Data service service sources of educational resources on the the LMS LMS based repository or pages
application layer: user interface & social environment semantic linking of data and services harvest whatever metadata is available about the resource map it to the meducator metadata scheme (fields may be left empty) the resource is now described in the system it is a MM+ entity! service linking & metadata lifting RDF store metadata enrichment Linked Data service service educational resources on the the the LMS based repository personal pages
user application interface layer: user & interface & social environment social environment semantic linking of data and services service linking & metadata lifting RDF store metadata enrichment via the UI the user can also manually create the profile of a resource enrich (or edit) the profile of an existing resource Linked Data service service educational resources on the the the LMS based repository personal pages
user interface application layer: & user interface & social environment social environment semantic linking of data and services service linking & metadata lifting RDF store metadata enrichment Linked Data service service educational resources on the the the LMS based repository personal pages
application layer: user interface & social environment semantic linking of data and services stores the descriptions of educational resources exposes them as triples to become part of the Linked Open Data cloud in the semantic service linking & metadata lifting RDF store metadata enrichment Linked Data service service the LMS based repository personal pages
Linked Data the semantic done right (by Tim Berners-Lee) a way to publish and connect structured application layer: data on the user interface & social environment using URIs and RDF semantic linking of data and services service linking & metadata lifting RDF store metadata enrichment Linked Data service service the LMS based repository personal pages
Linking Open Data cloud diagram (September 2010) by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch, http://lod-cloud.net/
Linking Open Data cloud diagram (October 2007) by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch, http://lod-cloud.net/
building a social profile for resources 1) factual data, as expressed by tags common tags among resources common tags among resources and users 2) dynamic data, based on users actions on resources attention metadata 3) resource families based on inheritance/evolution repurposing history 4) semantic connections and similarities of metadata
semantic linking & enriching semantic enrichment of resource profiles by harvesting domain specific controlled vocabularies further linking of enriched resources via the Linked Data Cloud e.g. scientific publications, formal curricula, ECTS, etc exposing enriched resource profiles to the Linked Data cloud to be part of the semantic
NCBO Bioportal http:// bioportal.bioontology.org an open repository of biomedical ontologies application layer: user interface & social environment 258 ontologies 5 million standardized terms semantic linking of data and services accessed via APIs service linking & metadata lifting RDF store metadata enrichment Linked Data service service the LMS based repository personal pages
resource description before metadata enrichment
resource description after metadata enrichment
latest statistics over 350 educational resources 80+ repurposed 100+ registered users exposing over 17,00 triples just for the resources
work in progress use Actor-Network Theory to analyze and organize the complex network of each individual resource (and human) apply the notion of heterogeneous networking to link patients and healthy citizens risk factors, medical conditions, therapies & interventions professionals, healthcare providers & services to enable personalized patient empowerment services
towards patient empowerment services application & presentation service portal & social network data & services integration exploratory search linked services RDF store Linked Data data & services service service service sources of information about real-world objects sources of personal health related information sources of medical and other evidence the
towards patient empowerment services basic demographic data genetic & familial history manually adjusted Linked Data Cloud life style related data healthcare related data manually adjusted or automatically harvested from related system personal monitoring data on lifestyle and health condition sources of personal information service creating a health related profile for healthy or at risk individuals and patients the Web
towards patient empowerment services medical evidence patient pages educational resources health/medical conditions manually adjusted or automatically harvested from related system health/medical interventions Linked Data Cloud reference sources sources of formal information creating a profile for conditions and interventions the Web
acknowledgements project title: meducator: Multi-type Content Repurposing and Sharing in Medical Education project type: Best Practice Network programme: econtentplus Information Society & Media Directorate General, Εuropean Commission contract: ECP 2008 EDU 418006 duration: 2009-2012 site: http://www.meducator.net/
cite as N. Dovrolis, T. Stefanut, S. Dietze, H.Q. Yu, C. Valentine and E. Kaldoudi, Semantic Annotation and Linking of Medical Educational Resources, 5th European Conference of the International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering, Budapest, Hungary, September 14-18, 2011 (pages: 1400-1403) IFMBE Proceedings, vol. 37, 1400-1403, 2011