Roadway Alignments and Profiles

NOTES Module 15 Roadway Alignments and Profiles In this module, you learn how to create horizontal alignments, surface profiles, layout (design) profiles, and profile views in AutoCAD Civil 3D. This module is the first in a series of four modules that address road and highway transportation design tasks using AutoCAD Civil 3D. The road design concepts presented in Modules 8 to 11 are applicable to subdivision design projects. The process for corridor design for subdivisions is different from the process for corridor design for road and highway transportation projects. Modules 15 to 18 introduce extended road design functionality typical for road and highway projects. Objectives After completing this module, you will be able to: Create a horizontal alignment using the Alignment Layout tools. Assign station reference points and design speeds, and calculate and apply superelevations. Assign an alignment style, label the alignment, and create a table. Create a surface profile and profile view. Create, edit, and annotate layout profiles.

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES Notes to Instructor Data for this module resides in the \AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum\Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles\ folder. Exercises The following exercises are provided in step-by-step format. Open the AutoCAD Civil 3D program prior to beginning the lesson by double-clicking the Civil 3D icon on the desktop. For those working in the Imperial system use the drawing files beginning with the letter I, while those working in the metric system should use the drawing files beginning with the letter M. You are provided with a drawing for each exercise in the lesson. You must open the drawings provided with each exercise. The exercises in this module are as follows: 1. Create a Horizontal Alignment Using the Alignment Layout Tools 2. Use Station Reference Points, Design Speeds, and Superelevations 3. Assign and Alignment Style, Label the Alignment, and Create a Table 4. Create a Surface Profile and a Profile View 5. Create, Edit, and Annotate Layout Profiles 15-2

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES Roadway Alignments and Profiles Roadway alignments and profiles set the horizontal and vertical positions for transportation corridor models. The horizontal alignment is created to not only serve a functional purpose, but to meet the design standards criteria of the local jurisdiction. Alignment objects can represent centerlines, lanes, edge of pavement, shoulders, rightof-ways, or construction baselines. Design speeds can be assigned to different positions along the horizontal alignment. You use commands on the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar to create the alignment geometry. There are a number of useful commands to create tangents, curves, and spirals. You can also assign design speeds to different station locations on an alignment. These station locations and design speeds are referenced when superelevation is calculated for the alignment. 15-3

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES Civil 3D comes with both Imperial (AASHTO) and Metric design speed and superelevation tables. Once superelevation is applied, Civil 3D calculates and displays the critical superelevation points along the alignment. The station locations, superelevation descriptions (types), and slopes can be manually adjusted for each station to suit the needs of the design. Alignment styles control the display of alignment objects. Major Station, Minor Station, and Geometry Point label styles are collected in a label set and applied to an alignment object. 15-4

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES You can also apply tag labels on an alignment and create an associated segment table. In Civil 3D, profile objects are used to represent existing ground profiles (surface profiles) and design (layout) profiles. Surface profiles are calculated for an alignment from a selected DTM surface. The Profile style controls the display of the surface profile. Surface profiles dynamically react to changes in alignment geometry and surface data. The profile view is the object representing the profile grid that displays the profile object data. The Profile View style controls the display of the profile view. The profile view and a surface profile are as shown. 15-5

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES Design (layout) profiles are also displayed in the profile view. There are a number of commands on the Profile Layout Tools toolbar to help you create design profiles. Design profiles can be edited graphically using grips on the PVI s, tangents, and vertical curves. The design profile can also be edited in a table. As with horizontal alignments, a profile label set is a collection of individual profiles styles and is applied to a design profile. The position of profile 15-6

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES labels can be edited graphically. 15-7

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES Key Terms Alignment Alignment Component Alignment Style Alignment Label Set Alignment Label Style Design Speed Profile Profile (Existing Surface) Profile (Design) Profile (Layout) Profile View Profile View Style Profile Style The alignment controls the horizontal location of a transportation corridor model. Alignments can be made from lines, curves, and arcs. Alignments are created from commands on the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar. Alignments can also be created from AutoCAD objects such as lines, arcs, and polylines. Alignments are created and displayed with components. The alignment components are the line, curve, spiral, arrow, line extensions, and curve extensions. The alignment style controls the display of an alignment object. You can apply specific markers to alignment geometry points and assign the display properties for the alignment component. An alignment label set is a collection of alignment label styles and is applied to an alignment. An alignment label style is used to annotate stationing and geometric data along an alignment. Individual alignment label styles are used to annotate major stations, minor stations, and geometry points. Design speeds are assigned to an alignment and are part of the design criteria. Design speeds are established based on safety parameters and are used to indicate substandard horizontal and vertical curves and for superelevation calculations. A profile represents surface and design (layout) profiles. The existing surface profile is a dynamic profile and is calculated from a Civil 3D DTM surface. The existing surface profile automatically updates when the alignment geometry or surface data changes. Design profiles are created from commands on the Profile Layout Tools toolbar. In Civil 3D, the design profile is called a layout profile. The design profile. The object that represents the profile grid. Existing surface and design profiles are displayed in the profile view. Controls the display of the profile view. Controls the display of the profile object. 15-8

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES Profile Label Set Profile Label Style Tags A collection of profile label styles that is applied to a design profile. Used to annotate tangent and vertical curve data on a design profile. Used to assign tag labels to an alignment and then show corresponding data in an alignment table. 15-9

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES EXERCISE 1: CREATE A HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT USING ALIGNMENT LAYOUT TOOLS In this exercise, you create the 8 th Avenue horizontal alignment using the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar. In the drawing area, notice the 8 th Avenue alignment. This alignment runs along the west side of the proposed subdivision. The south part of the centerline alignment has been designed and is represented with AutoCAD tangents and arcs. Your task is to create the 8 th Avenue alignment and design the north part of the alignment. Use the alignment layout tools to: Convert the existing AutoCAD lines and arcs to an alignment object. Create a spiral in, curve, spiral out, and tangent geometry. When you are finished, the 8 th Avenue alignment displays as shown: For this exercise open \Module 15 Roadway Alignments and Profiles I_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles-EX1.dwg (M_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles- EX1.dwg). 15-10

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES Create the Alignment Click Alignments menu > Create Alignment by Layout. 1. In the Create Alignment Layout dialog box, for Name, enter 8 th Avenue. For Site, select <None>. For Alignment Style, select Proposed. For Alignment Label Set, select Major Minor and Geometry Points. 2. Click the Design Criteria tab. You can assign a design speed and use criteria-based design to help you design the alignment. 3. Click OK. Civil 3D displays the Alignment Layout Tools 8 th Avenue toolbar. 15-11

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 4. Hover your cursor over the icons on the toolbar and review the tooltips. 5. Click the down arrows and review the commands on the toolbar. 6. Click Convert AutoCAD Line and Arc. 7. At the Convert AutoCAD Line and Arc prompt, from left to right, select the five centerline alignment entities (three tangents and two arcs in the order: tangent, arc, tangent, arc, and tangent) that form the south part of 8 th Avenue. 8. Press ENTER. Civil 3D creates an alignment object from the selected entities. 15-12

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES The original line and arc entities are still in the drawing and unnecessarily duplicate the alignment object. In the next few steps, you remove the original line and arc entities. Remove Lines and Arcs 1. Select the alignment in the drawing area. 2. Right-click and click Display Order > Send to Back. 3. Erase the three tangents and two arcs you selected to create the alignment. Construct the Remainder of the Alignment You now construct the remainder of the alignment, which begins with a floating curve attached to the north end of the alignment. 1. On the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar, select Floating Curve with Spiral (From Entity End, Radius, Length). 15-13

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 2. Select a point on the tangent near the north end of the alignment. 3. At the Specify Radius prompt, enter 500 (185 m). Press ENTER. 4. At the Specify Spiral in Length prompt, enter 175 (50 m). Press ENTER. 5. At the Specify Curve Direction prompt, press ENTER to accept Clockwise curve direction. 6. At the Specify Length prompt, enter 400 (170 m). Press ENTER twice. The entrance spiral and the curve of the new portion of the alignment are complete. Now create the exit spiral and tangent. 7. On the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar, select Floating Line with Spiral (From Curve End, Length). 8. At the Select Entity To Attach To prompt, select the last curve near the endpoint 15-14

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES of the new curve. 9. At the Specify Spiral in Length prompt, enter 175 (50 m). Press ENTER. 10. At the Specify Line Length prompt, enter 100 (30 m). Press ENTER twice. Civil 3D applies stationing to the remainder of the alignment. Now review the alignment data in a table. 11. On the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar, click Alignment Grid View to view the alignment data. Civil 3D displays the alignment data in the Panorama window. 12. Close the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar. 13. Close the drawing and do not save the changes. 15-15

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES EXERCISE 2: USE STATION REFERENCE POINTS, DESIGN SPEEDS, AND SUPERELEVATIONS In this exercise, you assign a station reference point and design speeds, and you calculate the superelevation values for the 8 th Avenue alignment. You also edit the alignment geometry and modify the substandard curves. Superelevation rates for the design speeds are drawn from industry standard tables that are included with Civil 3D. When you create an alignment, the station reference point defaults to the alignment beginning. When you change the station reference point, you assign a new location on the alignment from which alignment stationing is based. You can assign design speeds for different station locations. In this exercise, the first design speed is assigned at the beginning of the alignment. The second design speed is assigned at the intersection of 8 th Avenue and Orchard Road. Once the design speeds have been assigned, you calculate the superelevation for the 8 th Avenue alignment. For this exercise, open \Module 15 Roadway Alignments and Profiles\I_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles-EX2.dwg (M_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles- EX2.dwg). Label Station and Offset Begin by labeling the station for 8 th Avenue at the intersection of 8 th Avenue and Orchard Road. You will use this information later. 15-16

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES 1. Click Alignments menu > Add Alignment Labels > Add Alignment Labels. 2. In the Add Labels dialog box, for Label type, select Station Offset Fixed Point. 3. For Station Offset Label Style, select Station and Offset. 4. Click Add. 5. At the Select Alignment prompt, in the drawing area, click the 8 th Avenue centerline. 6. At the Select Point prompt, snap to the intersection of 8 th Avenue and Orchard Road. Civil 3D creates a Station and Offset label. Now drag the label away. 7. In the Add Labels dialog box, click Close. 8. In the drawing area, click the Station and Offset label. 9. Click the square drag label grip. 10. Drag the label to the left of the alignment and select a new location for the label. Press ESC. 15-17

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES Assign a Station Reference Point 1. In the drawing area, click the 8 th Avenue alignment. 2. Right-click and click Alignment Properties. Civil 3D displays the Alignment Properties dialog box. 3. In the Alignment Properties dialog box, click the Station Control tab and review the settings. When the alignment was created, the reference point for the station defaulted to the beginning of the alignment in the southwest corner. You now change the location of the reference point for the alignment stationing. 4. Click Pick Reference Point to graphically pick the station reference point. 5. Read the warning. Click OK. 6. At the Select Alignment Reference Point Location prompt, use the intersection object snap and snap to the intersection of 8 th Avenue and the southerly alignment that runs in the west-east direction. 15-18

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES 7. For Station, enter 1000 (10000 m). Press ENTER. 8. Click OK on the warning. 9. Click OK and in the drawing area, notice the updated station labels. Assign Design Speeds You now assign design speeds and use design criteria to check the alignment. 1. In the drawing area, click the 8 th Avenue alignment. Right-click and click Alignment Properties. 2. In the Alignment Properties dialog box, click the Design Criteria tab. West of the subdivision, the design speed for 8 th Avenue is 20 mph (30 km/h). The design speed for 8 th Avenue north of Orchard Road increases to 50 mph (70 km/h). In these next few steps, you assign design speeds to the 8 th Avenue alignment. 3. Click Add Design Speed to assign a design speed at the start station. Civil 3D displays the first design speed entry at the alignment start station. 15-19

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 4. For the first Start Station, enter 151.86 (9741.22). 5. For the first Design Speed, enter 20 (30 km/h). 6. Click Add Design Speed again. 7. For the second Start Station, enter 1488.40 (10148.87). 8. For the second Design Speed, enter 50 (70 km/h) Note: You can also graphically select the station location using the icon in the Start Station field. 9. Click Apply. Use Criteria Based Design You now use design criteria to check the alignment. 10. On the Design Criteria tab, select the Use Criteria-Based Design check box. 11. Clear Use Design Check Set. 12. For the Default Criteria Minimum Radius Table, select AASHTO 2001 emax 6%. 13. Click OK. 14. Notice that the curve in the 50 mph (70 km/h) zone has a design speed violation. 15-20

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES 15. Click Alignments menu > Design Criteria Editor. 16. Expand the Alignments and Minimum Radius Tables trees. 17. Select AASHTO 2001 emax 6% and review the minimum radius associated with each design speed. Note: You may need to select the appropriate table to match your drawing units (imperial or metric). In the Design Criteria Editor, click the file folder icon and browse to \Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\Autodesk\C3D 2009\enu\Data\Corridor Design Standards. Select the appropriate units folder and design standards file. 18. Click Cancel to close the Design Criteria Editor. 19. In the drawing area, click the 8 th Avenue alignment. 20. Right-click and click Edit Alignment Geometry. 21. On the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar, click Alignment Grid View. 22. The Panorama window displays the data for the substandard curve. 15-21

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 23. In Panorama, change the substandard radius to 930 (195 m). Press ENTER. 24. Close the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar. In the drawing area, the alignment geometry updates and the warning symbol disappears. Calculate Superelevation You now apply the superelevation. 1. In the drawing area, click the 8 th Avenue alignment. Right-click and click Alignment Properties. 2. In the Alignment Properties dialog box, click the Superelevation tab. 3. Click Set Superelevation Properties to calculate the superelevation. 4. Scroll up and down in the dialog box. Notice the three superelevation regions. Each superelevation region represents a curve in the alignment. For this exercise, you apply superelevation to the third curve only. 5. Close the Superelevation Region 1 and Superelevation Region 2 trees. 15-22

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES 6. For Superelevation Region 3 under Design Rules, change the Superelevation Rate Table to AASHTO 2001 emax 6%. 7. Click OK. Civil 3D calculates superelevation for the three curves. For this exercise, you concentrate on the third curve. Delete the superelevation data for the first two curves. 8. Use the scroll bar in the Superelevation tab to scroll to the top of the superelevation data. 9. Select the 1 st row. 15-23

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 10. Scroll down to last entry for Superelevation Region 2. 11. Hold the SHIFT key and click in the row with the last entry for Superelevation Region 2. All entries for superelevation regions 1 and 2 (curves 1 and 2) are highlighted. You now delete the superelevation entries for regions 1 and 2. 12. Click Delete Transition Station. Only the superelevation entries for the third curve remain. 13. Analyze the values in the superelevation table. 14. Click in the cells. Notice that you can modify superelevation stations, types, and values in this table. You 15-24

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES can also add other locations for superelevation. 15. Click OK. 16. Close the drawing and do not save the changes. 15-25

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES EXERCISE 3 ASSIGN AN ALIGNMENT STYLE, LABEL THE ALIGNMENT, AND CREATE A TABLE In this exercise, you assign an alignment style, label the alignment, and create a table. The alignment style controls the display of the alignment. You select an alignment style based on the task, which could be either design or publish. You can also set display parameters for the line, curve, tangent, PI, and other alignment components. The component color can be assigned by a layer or directly within the style. You can also assign Markers to alignment geometry points. You then use station label sets to assign multiple types of station label styles to an alignment. Station label styles are used for major station, minor station, and geometry point labels. The next step is to label the 8 th Avenue alignment with tag labels. Tag labels are applied to the alignment tangents, curves, and spirals. The final step in the exercise is to create and modify an alignment table. The alignment table references the alignment tags and shows the geometry values for the alignment. 15-26

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES For this exercise, open \Module 15 Roadway Alignments and Profiles\ I_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles-EX3.dwg (M_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles-EX3.dwg). Review Alignment Style You now review the alignment styles. 1. In Toolspace, click the Prospector tab. 2. Expand the Alignments tree. 3. Right-click 8 th Avenue and click Properties. 4. In the Alignment Properties dialog box, click the Information tab. 5. Change the Object Style to Layout. Click OK. Civil 3D displays the alignment object with a different style. 6. Select the alignment in the drawing area. 7. Right-click and click Edit Alignment Style. 8. Click the Display tab. 15-27

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 9. Change the colors of the line, curve, and spiral components to colors red, cyan, and magenta (colors 1, 4 and 6). 10. Click OK. You modified the style used to display the 8 th Avenue Alignment. Notice that the display of the alignment changes. Now review the alignment styles in Toolspace. 11. In Toolspace, click the Settings tab. 12. Expand the Alignment and Alignment Styles trees. Notice the collection of alignment styles. These were developed for the designer and originated in the drawing template. The yellow triangle marker indicates styles in use. In the next few steps, you learn how to label an alignment with stations. Label Alignment with Stations When you created the alignment, you assigned a label set, which is a collection of label styles used for alignment station labeling. Review the Alignment Label Set. 1. Under the Alignment tree, expand the Label Styles and Label Sets trees. 2. Right-click Major Minor and Geometry Points. Click Edit. 15-28

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES Notice the label types in use in the Alignment Label Set. The Major Minor and Geometry Points label set includes a Major Stations label style, Minor Stations label style, and a Geometry Points label style. When an alignment is created, the alignment label set is applied. You can either modify and apply the alignment label set, or you can modify the labels directly on the alignment. You now modify the labels on the alignment. 3. Click OK. 4. Select the 8 th Avenue alignment in the drawing area. 5. Right-click and click Edit Alignment Labels. 6. In the Alignment Labels dialog box, for Major Stations Increment, enter 50 (100 m). 7. For Minor Stations Increment, enter 10 (20 m). 8. For Type, select Design Speeds. 9. Click Add. 10. Click OK. 15-29

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES You have now modified the alignment to display labels for design speed. Add Alignment Segment Labels You add tag labels to the alignment segments. The tag labels are later referenced when creating an alignment segment table. 1. Click Alignments menu > Add Alignment Labels > Add Alignment Labels. 2. For Label Type, select Multiple Segment. 3. For Line Label Style, select Tag. 4. For Curve Label Style, select Tag. 5. For Spiral Label Style, select Tag. 6. Click Add. 7. Select the Alignment. 8. On the Add Labels dialog box, click Close. Civil 3D has added tag labels to the alignment tangents, curves, and spirals. 15-30

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES Now create the alignment table. Create Alignment Table 1. Click Alignments menu > Add Tables > Add Segments. 2. In the Alignment Table Creation dialog box, review the settings. Click OK. 3. At the Select Upper Left Corner prompt, click a location in the drawing to create the table. Notice the table does not include a station column. You modify the Segment Table Style to add a column for stations. 4. In the drawing area, select the table. 5. Right-click and click Edit Table Style. 6. Click the Data Properties tab. 7. Click Add Column to add a column. 8. Scroll to the right and notice the blank column. 9. Double-click the blank column header. 10. On the right side of the dialog box, enter Station. 11. Click OK. 15-31

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 12. For the Value: Line row, double-click Station. 13. For Properties, select Start Station. 14. Click. 15. Click OK. 16. Repeat the last three steps for the Value: Curves row and Value: Spiral row. Now drag the column to the left. 17. Click the column header and drag the new column to the left and release over the Radius column. 18. Scroll to the left. 15-32

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES The Station column is between the Number and Radius columns. 19. Click Apply. 20. Select Sort Data. 21. Change Sorting Column to 2. 22. Click OK. Civil 3D updates the display of the table to reflect the redefined label style. Note: You can renumber the alignment tags with Alignments menu > Add Tables > Renumber Tags. 23. Close the drawing and do not save the changes. 15-33

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 15-34

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES EXERCISE 4: CREATE SURFACE PROFILE AND PROFILE VIEW In this exercise, you create an existing ground surface profile and a profile view. A surface profile is a dynamic profile that reacts to changes in the alignment and the surface. For example, if you edit the horizontal alignment geometry, the surface profile dynamically updates. The profile style controls the display of the profile. The profile view is the grid that contains the surface profile. The profile view style is used to control the display of the profile view. For this exercise, open \Module 15 Roadway Alignments and Profiles\I_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles-EX4.dwg (M_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles-EX4.dwg). Create the Surface Profile 1. Click Profiles menu > Create Profile from Surface. 2. For Alignment, select 8 th Avenue. 3. In the Select Surfaces box, select Existing Ground. Click Add. 15-35

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES Civil 3D assigns a name to the surface profile and adds it to the Profile List. 4. Click OK. The Panorama window displays a message indicating that a profile has been created. 5. In the Panorama Window, click Action menu > Clear All Events. 6. Close the Panorama window. 7. In Prospector, expand Alignments, 8 th Avenue, and Profiles. The 8 th Avenue Existing Ground profile is displayed in the Profiles collection. Now create the profile view. Create the Profile View 1. Click Profiles menu > Create Profile View. Civil 3D displays the Create Profile View dialog box. 2. On the General page, review the settings. Click Next. 3. On the Station Range page, review the settings. Click Next. 4. On the Profile Display Options page, review the settings. Click Next. Use Profile Display Options to control which profiles you show in the profile view, grid clipping, and profile split parameters. 5. On the Data Bands page, review the settings. Data bands are used to annotate profile data and other Civil 3D data adjacent to (usually below) the profile view. 6. Click Create Profile View. 7. At the Select profile View Origin prompt, select a location in the drawing for the profile view origin. The origin is the left bottom corner of the profile view. 15-36

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES Note that a profile view for Orchard Road already exists in the drawing. Civil 3D creates the profile view for 8 th Avenue in the drawing area. Now make an adjustment to the alignment. 8. On the command line, enter VPORTS. Press ENTER. 9. Select Two: Horizontal. Click OK. 10. Double-click in the top viewport to make it active. 11. Zoom so you can see the northeast curve and tangent on the 8 th Avenue alignment. 12. Double-click in the bottom viewport. 15-37

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 13. Zoom so you can see the profile view for 8 th Avenue. 14. In the top viewport, select the 8 th Avenue alignment. 15. Click the blue triangle grip on the tangent end. The grip turns red. 16. Select a new location for the tangent endpoint. Notice that Civil 3D updates the profile and the profile view. 17. On the command line, enter VPORTS. 18. Select Single. Click OK. Now review the profile properties. Review Profile and Profile View Properties 1. In the profile view, select the existing ground profile. Note: This is the green line. 2. Right-click and click Profile Properties. The Object Style is the profile style and controls the display of the profile. The current profile style is Existing Ground Profile. Now review the Existing Ground Profile style 15-38

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES 3. Click Edit Current Selection to the right. 4. In the Profile Style dialog box, click the Markers and Display tabs and review the settings. 5. Click OK twice. Now review the profile styles collection in Toolspace. 6. In Toolspace, click Settings. 7. Expand the Profile and Profile Styles trees. The yellow triangle marker indicates the profile styles that are in use. Now review the profile view styles. 8. Collapse the Profile tree. 15-39

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 9. Expand the Profile View and Profile View Styles trees. Notice the collection of profile view styles in this drawing. These are provided to the designer and originate in the drawing template. 10. In the Profile View Styles tree, right-click Profile View. Click Edit. 11. In the Profile View Style dialog box, click the Graph tab. Note that profile Vertical Exaggeration is controlled by the Profile View Style. The style can be controlled by either Vertical Scale or Vertical Exaggeration. 12. Click the Display tab. 13. Click the remaining tabs and review the settings for the Profile View Style. 14. Click OK. Now review the Profile View Properties. 15. Select the profile view in the drawing area. 16. Right-click and click Profile View Properties. 17. In the Profile View properties dialog box, click the Information tab. Here you can rename the profile view and assign a different profile view style. 15-40

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES 18. Change the profile style to Major Grids and click Apply. Civil 3D assigns the Major Grids Profile View Style to the profile view. 19. Change the style back to Profile View. Click Apply. 20. Click the other tabs in the Profile View Properties dialog box and review the settings. 21. Click OK. Close the drawing and do not save the changes. 15-41

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES EXERCISE 5: CREATE, EDIT, AND ANNOTATE LAYOUT PROFILES In this exercise, you create, edit, and annotate design profiles in AutoCAD Civil 3D. You use the Profile Layout Tools to create a design profile. In Prospector, design profiles are found in the Alignments 8 th Avenue collection. When you create a design profile, you assign a site, name, profile style, and profile label set. Commands on the Profile Layout Tools toolbar are used to design the design profile within the profile view. A preliminary profile is created by picking the PVI locations to match the existing surface profiles as close as possible. Vertical curves are automatically added based on preset values for length or K values. You then graphically edit the profile using the profile grips. 15-42

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES The final step in the exercise is to import the design profile from a Land XML file and apply annotation. For this exercise, open \Module 15 Roadway Alignments and Profiles\I_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles-EX5.dwg (M_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles- EX5.dwg). Begin by navigating to the 8 th Avenue profile view. 1. In Toolspace, click the Prospector tab. 2. Expand the Alignments, 8 th Avenue, and Profile View trees. 3. Right-click PV1 and click Zoom To. Create the Design Profile Now use the Profile Layout tools. 1. Click Profiles menu > Create Profile by Layout. 2. At the Select Profile View prompt, in the drawing area, select the PV1 8 th Avenue Profile View. 3. In the Create Profile dialog box: For Name, enter Design 1. 15-43

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES For Profile Style, select Design Profile. For Profile Label Set, select Complete Label Set. 4. Click the Design Criteria tab and review the settings. 5. Click OK. Civil 3D displays the Profile Layout Tools toolbar for the Design 1 profile. The toolbar contains a number of commands to help you create design profiles. 6. Hover your cursor over the icons on the toolbar and review the tooltips. 7. Click the down arrows and review the commands on the toolbar. You now create a preliminary profile design for 8 th Avenue. First, set the default vertical curve value. 15-44

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES 8. On the Profile Layout Tools toolbar, click the down arrow on the first icon. 9. Select Curve Settings. 10. In the Vertical Curve Settings dialog box, for Crest Curve Length and Sag Curve Length, enter 400 (100 m). 11. Click OK. 12. On the Profile Layout Tools toolbar, click the down arrow again on the first icon. 13. Select Draw Tangents with Curves. 14. For start point, in the drawing area, snap to the endpoint of the beginning of the existing ground surface profile. 15-45

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES Note: If the running object snaps are on, you can use the F3 function key to turn object snaps on and off. 15. Select three or four PVI locations while trying to match the grade of the existing ground surface profile as much as possible. 16. After you select the last PVI location, press ENTER. Civil 3D creates and annotates the Design 1 profile. 17. Zoom into any 8 th Avenue PVI with a vertical curve. 18. In the drawing area, select the Design 1 profile again. Notice the grips that appear on the vertical curve and tangents. 19. Click the red grip and move the PVI. Civil 3D displays graphics showing the resultant tangents and vertical curves before you select a new location. The labels also update. 15-46

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES 20. Select a new location for the PVI. Civil 3D recalculates the vertical curves and tangents. The blue triangle grips on either side of the red PVI grip are used to adjust the position of the PVI and maintain the grade of one of the tangents. The circular grips are used to adjust the length of the vertical curves. The square grips are used to adjust the position of the tangents. 21. Using the different grips, graphically edit the Design 1 profile to match the existing grade as close as possible. Note: You may need to adjust the length of the vertical curves near the north end of the alignment. Now review the tabular editing techniques. 22. On the Profile Layout Tools toolbar, click Profile Grid View. Civil 3D displays profile data in the Panorama window. Note: You can right-click column headers to control the display of columns. You can also drag columns left and right to preferable positions. 23. Make slight adjustments to the Grade In and Grade Out values. Round the grades to the nearest tenth of a percent. Notice that the Design 1 profile updates in the drawing area. 24. Close the Panorama window. 25. Close the Profile Layout Tools toolbar. 15-47

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES Import Final Design Profile From XML You now import the final design profile for the project from a Land XML file. The Land XML file contains the 8 th Avenue alignment, the existing ground profile, and the Design 1 profile. First, delete the 8 th Avenue alignment. 1. Zoom to the 8 th Avenue alignment in plan view. 2. Use the standard AutoCAD Erase command to erase the alignment. Notice that the profile view, the existing ground surface profile, and the Design 1 profile are removed. These cannot exist without the alignment. Also notice that the alignment table is now blank. 3. Click File menu > Import > Import LandXML. 4. Browse to \Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles\. 5. Select I_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles-EX5.xml (M_RoadwayAlignmentsAndProfiles- EX5.xml). 6. Click Open. 7. Review the settings in the Import LandXML dialog box. Click OK. 8. Close the Panorama window. Civil 3D displays the alignment in the drawing area. Now review the data in Prospector. 9. In Toolspace, click the Prospector tab. 10. Expand the Alignments 8 th Avenue Profiles trees. 11. Notice that profiles exist but the profile view still needs to be created and the design profile needs to be renamed to Design 1. 12. Click Profiles menu > Create Profile View. 15-48

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES 13. For Alignment, select 8 th Avenue. 14. For Profile View Name, enter PV1. 15. Click Create Profile View. 16. Select a location in the drawing to create the profile view. The existing ground surface profile and the Design 1 Profile are displayed using the same style. Change the style for the Design 1 profile. 17. Zoom into and select the Design 1 profile. 18. Right-click and click Profile Properties. 19. Click the Information tab. 20. For Name, enter Design 1. 21. Change the Object Style to Design Profile. Click OK. The display of the Design 1 Profile changes. Now add the labels. 22. Select the Design 1 profile again if it is not already selected. 23. Right-click and click Edit Labels. Civil 3D displays the Profile Labels dialog box. 24. Click Import Label Set. 25. Select Complete Label Set. Click OK. 15-49

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES 26. Review the settings. Click OK. Civil 3D places the labels in the drawing. You can grip the labels to control their placement. 27. Zoom to the last vertical curve and select the vertical curve label. The diamond-shaped grip is used to control the vertical placement of the vertical curve label. The square-shaped grip is used to drag the entire label away from the vertical curve. When this grip is used, the label adopts its dragged state display property. 28. Use the grips to modify the label positions for the vertical curve, PVI, and tangent labels. 29. Close the drawing and do not save the changes. 15-50

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES Questions Answers 1. Explain how horizontal alignments are labeled. 2. What is the purpose of the station reference point? 3. The Alignment Style controls the display of the alignment. What are the six components in the Alignment Style? Explain how you can control the display properties. 4. Explain how superelevation is calculated for a horizontal alignment. 5. What are the two types of profile objects in Civil 3D? Offer an explanation of each. 6. What is a profile view? 7. Explain the process for applying labels to a design profile. 1. Individual alignment label styles are collected in an alignment label set and applied to an alignment. 2. The station reference point is the point on the alignment about which horizontal stationing values are calculated. 3. The six components in the Alignment Style are the line, curve, spiral, arrow, curve extensions, and line extensions. For each of these components you can turn them on/off, assign display properties from a layer, or assign the display properties from directly within the style. 4. The engineer determines the design speeds of an alignment for different locations along the alignment. Superelevation tables that are included with Civil 3D reference the assigned design speeds and are used to calculate the superelevation points along the alignment. 5. The surface profile is calculated from a Civil 3D surface object. The surface profile is dynamic and reacts to changes in alignment geometry and surface data. The layout profile is a static profile and represents the design profile. Layout profiles are created from tangents and vertical curves. 6. The profile view is the object that represents the profile grid. Surface and design profiles are displayed in a profile view. 7. Profile label styles to annotate tangent grades and vertical curve data are collected in a profile label set. The profile label set is applied to the profile. 15-51

AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 Education Curriculum NOTES You can use grips to modify the position of profile labels. 15-52

Module 15 - Roadway Alignments and Profiles NOTES Module Summary In this module, you learned how to create horizontal alignments using the Alignment Layout Tools toolbar. They also assigned a station reference point, design speeds, and calculated superelevation rates for the alignment. You then edited the alignment using both graphical and tabular editing techniques. Alignment labels were then placed with an alignment label set. Once the alignment was complete, you created an existing surface profile for the 8 th Avenue alignment from the Existing Ground DTM surface. You then created a profile view to display the surface profile. Next, you created a design profile that represented a design scenario. You then modified the design profiles and applied profile labels. 15-53