Industrial Internet Connectivity Framework (IICF) IIC Liaison Workshop with onem2m Dr. Rajive Joshi Co-Chair, Connectivity Task Group, Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC) Principal Solution Architect, Real-Time Innovations Inc (RTI) 2018 Feb 08 16:30
Industrial Internet Connectivity Framework (IICF) Released Feb 28, 2017 Comprehensive treatment of Connectivity as a means of Building Interoperable IIoT systems https://www.iiconsortium.org/iicf.htm 2
IICF : A Roadmap for IoT Practitioners & System Architects Rich Landscape of Connectivity Guide Map What is the role of connectivity in an IIoT architecture? What connectivity layers does an IIoT system need, and what are each layer s core functions, considerations and trade-offs? How can communication extend from a generic IIoT design to participants using a domain-specific connectivity technology? What must core connectivity standards provide? How to categorize and evaluate a given connectivity technology? How to assess suitability of a connectivity technology against system requirements? How to choose the right core connectivity standard for a problem domain?
IICF Goals Guide map to the rich but often confusing landscape of IIoT connectivity Clarity Stable long term foundation for IIoT interoperability Industry Connectivity Architecture Useful, practical, tangible guidance for requirements assessment, technology evaluation and selection For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Operations Information Application Connectivity IIoT Connectivity Function Human Users Functional Domains Business Sense Actuation Ability to exchange information among endpoints in a system of interest sensor updates commands alarms events status changes configuration updates Physical Systems Green Arrows: Data/Information Flows Grey/White Arrows: Decision Flows Red Arrows: Command/Request Flows 5
Levels of interoperability Industrial Internet (IIoT) Shared data context Shared data structure Shared opaque data Horizontal stack that can span across verticals! http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/conceptual_interoperability
Industrial Internet Connectivity Stack Layers Core Functions Typical Considerations
Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Framework Transport Network Link Physical Evolution of the IIoT Connectivity Stack 4-Layer Internet Stack Model (1989) 7-Layer OSI Stack Model (1994) Industrial IoT (2014) IIoT Connectivity Stack Model (2017) For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Industrial Internet Connectivity Stack Participant X Participant Y Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Information (Data in Context) Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Framework Data (State, Events, Streams) Framework Transport Messages Transport Network Packets Network Link Frames Link Physical Bits Physical
Industrial Internet Connectivity Stack Participant X Participant Y Information Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Information (Data in Context) Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Semantic Interoperability (data context) Data Framework Transport Data (State, Events, Streams) Messages Framework Transport Syntactic Interoperability (data structures) Technical Interoperability (opaque blobs) Packets Network Packets Network Link Frames Link Physical Bits Physical
IICF Document Focus Participant X Participant Y Information Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Information (Data in Context) Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Semantic Interoperability (data context) Data Document Focus Framework Transport Data (State, Events, Streams) Messages Framework Transport Syntactic Interoperability (data structures) Technical Interoperability (opaque blobs) Packets Network Packets Network Generally understood Beyond current scope Link Frames Link Physical Bits Physical
Connectivity Transport Layer Core Functions Typical Considerations
Connectivity Transport Layer Participant X Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Information (Data in Context) Participant Y Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Above: Technical Interoperability Share byte sequences Opaque data Framework Data (State, Events, Streams) Framework Transport Network Messages Packets Transport Network Below: Byte protocol May observe byte flows & optimize byte sequence sharing and delivery Link Frames Link Physical Bits Physical Any computing platform
Connectivity Transport Layer Distributed Data Interoperability & Management Framework Transport Connectivity Transport Functions Messaging Protocol Communication Modes Technical Interoperability Endpoint Addressing Connectedness Prioritization Timing & Synchronization Security Network Link Physical For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Connectivity Framework Layer Core Functions Typical Considerations
Connectivity Framework Layer Participant X Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Information (Data in Context) Participant Y Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Above: Syntactic Interoperability Share structured datatypes Common and unambiguous data format Framework Transport Data (State, Events, Streams) Messages Framework Transport Below: Opaque Data May observe data flows & optimize datatype sharing and delivery Network Packets Network Link Physical Frames Bits Link Physical Any computing platform Any programming environment
Connectivity Framework Layer Distributed Data Interoperability & Management Framework API Governance Connectivity Framework Functions Publish-Subscribe Request-Reply Discovery Data Resource Model Exception Handling Quality of Servic e Securit y Syntactic Interoperability Id and Addressing Data Type System Lifecycle (CRUD) State Management Transport Network Link Physical For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Connectivity Reference Architecture Standards & Gateways Core Connectivity Core Standards Criteria
Fundamental N 2 Connectivity Challenge Brownfield Existing technologies May be specific to verticals Greenfield Innovation O(N 2 ) Reality Check Accept that there will be multiple connectivity technologies N x (N-1) 2
Connectivity Reference Architecture Functional Domain Endpoints Other Endpoints Gateway Connectivity Core Standards (baseline) Other Functional Domain Gateway Other Connectivity Technologies Gateways bridge domain specific connectivity technologies to Core Standards Core Standards enable data sharing with domain other domain-specific connectivity technology endpoints Choose a core standard that best matches system needs
For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Connectivity Reference Architecture Many domain technologies Standard Core Gateways Few Core Standards Connectivity Core Standards Provide syntactic interoperability Stable, deployed, open standard Standard Core Gateways to all other CCS Domain-Specific Connectivity Technologies Connect via non-standard gateway to any connectivity core standard
How to Assess a Connectivity Technology? Assessment Template Worksheet Business, Usage, Functional, Implementation Viewpoints
Assessment Template Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Framework Transport Network Link Physical Which layers(s) of the Connectivity Stack does it provide? May span multiple layers What Core Functions does it provide? Prioritize the functions for your use case How does it rank against the Typical Considerations (of the layers spanned)? Prioritize the considerations for your use case How does it support the Architectural Qualities? Prioritize the qualities for your use case Does it fit Connectivity Core Standards Criteria? Is a gateway to a Core Connectivity Standard available? Is the gateway standardized?
Assessment Template Worksheets For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
IICF Catalog of Connectivity Standards! Frameworks DDS OPC-UA onem2m Assessment Template Worksheets Transports HTTP MQTT CoAP For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Connectivity Standards : Putting it all Together Relevant Connectivity Standards Assessment Template Applied Potential Core Connectivity Standards
For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc. Connectivity Standards Energy & Utilities Healthcare Manufacturing Transportation Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Telecommunications Origin Manufacturing Origin Framework DDS onem2m Web Services OPC-UA Transport DDSI-RTPS CoAP MQTT HTTP OPC-UA Bin TCP UDP TCP Network Internet Protocol (IP) Link Physical TSN / Ethernet (802.1, 802.3) Wireless PAN (802.15) Wireless LAN (802.11 Wi- Fi) Wireless 2G/3G/LTE (3GPP) Wireless Wide Area (802.16)
Connectivity Core Standards Criteria Applied Core Standard Criterion DDS Web Services OPC-UA onem2m 1 Provide syntactic interoperability Need XML or JSON 2 Open standard with strong independent, international governance 3 Horizontal and neutral in its applicability across industries 4 Stable and deployed across multiple vertical industries Software Integration & Autonomy 5 Have standards-defined Core Gateways to all other core connectivity standards Web Services, OPC-UA*, onem2m* Manufacturing Home Automation DDS, OPC-UA, onem2m Web Services, DDS*, onem2m* Web Services, OPC-UA*, DDS* 6 Meet the connectivity framework functional requirements Pub-Sub in development 7 Meet non-functional requirements of performance, scalability, reliability, resilience 8 Meet security and safety requirements 9 Not require any single component from any single vendor Real-time in development Reports not yet documented or public 10 Have readily-available SDKs both commercial and open source GREEN = Gating Criteria * = work in progress = supported, = not supported
Distributed Data Interoperability and Management Framework Transport N e t w o r k Link Physical T C P TS N / Eth ern et (80 2.1, 80 2.3 ) Energy & Utilities DDS DDSI-RTPS UDP Wi rel es s PA N (8 02. 15 ) Healthcare C o A P Telecommunicati ons Origin onem2m M Q T T Internet Protocol (IP) Wi rel es s LA N (8 02. 11 Wi - Fi) Manufacturin g We b Ser vic es HTTP Wire less 2G/3 G/LT E (3GP P) TCP Transportatio n Manufacturing Origin OPC-UA OPC -UA Bin Wi rel es s Wi de Ar ea (80 2.1 6) IICF Architecture Process Use assessment template worksheet to determine your system requirements Pick the potential connectivity core standard best aligned with your system requirements Build a gateway for other domain-specific connectivity technologies For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
How to Choose? System Aspect Example User Approach Standard Software Integration & Autonomy Software Architect integrating components Data-centric DDS Device interchangeability Device manufacturer selling devices to technicians Devicecentric OPC-UA Web & Mobile User I/F App builder supporting back-end services RESTful Web services/http ICT integration Wide-area wireless telecom integrator Common services layer onem2m For IIC Member use only. Portions 2017 Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Summary Accelerating IIoT
Accelerate Your IIoT Guide map to the rich but often confusing landscape of IIoT connectivity Clarity Stable long term foundation for IIoT interoperability Industry Connectivity Architecture Useful, practical, tangible guidance for requirements assessment, technology evaluation and selection
Get It! FREE 1. Introduction 2. Connectivity Framework 3. Connectivity Reference Architecture 4. Connectivity Framework Layer 5. Connectivity Transport Layer 6. How to Assess a Connectivity Technology? 7. Connectivity Standards 8. Core Connectivity Standards 9. Other Connectivity Standards 10. Assessment Templates https://www.iiconsortium.org/iicf.htm
Thank You! Rajive Joshi, Ph. D. Real-Time Innovations, Inc. (RTI) rajive@rti.com