1 Dispatch Training Simulator - Worksheet Name: Date: Purpose: To demonstrate DTS navigation and Island creation/control. 1. DTS Status: DTS Practice Exercise Selecting the DTS (purple) button will display the DTS Status: 2. Overview Displays: Display the overviews that are available in the DTS. Do this by selecting the folder icon on the control bar (Display Directory): This will display a frame to the left side of the viewport. In the Filter field, type overview and the press the Apply button. This will bring up a list of all of the overview displays in the DTS:
3. Establishing an Island: In order to establish an island in the DTS (and bus parameters to populate), the following must be established: Two busses energized Generation connected Load connected As an example, an island will be established by first going to the Apache station. We can start by going to the SCADA application by selecting SCADA SUBS here: Enter the station Apache here: The Apache station display in SCADA view below. Change to DTS application by selecting the blue DTS Display button on the far right side of the menu here: 2
The Apache station display in DTS application (below): Next, go to the lower right-hand corner of the station display to configure a new island. From the above screen shot, open/check open the following devices (note a confirmation pop-up will require action for the device to actually complete the operation): PCB 010 PCB 011 PCB 012 PCB 013 PCB 014 PCB 015 PCB 016
By opening or checking open the devices listed above, the loads and generation have been isolated from the rest of the Apache station. The objective is to start generation, adjust load, and restore a path to the load from the generation. Your system should look like the screen shot shown below: At this point bring up the DTS Island Summary display in a new viewport. Select this icon to create new viewport 4
In the new viewport, select the DTS Island Summary from the drop-down menu beside the purple DTS button. In this display we will see all of the islands in our scenario. Continuing with the system restoration, prior to restoring the load, adjust the load to 5 MW / 1 MVAR. To do this, select the MW value at the Cochise load at the Apache station. 5
The following popup should come up: Select the Transfer Manual button to enable load adjustment: Input the load values of 5 MW and 1 MVAR then press enter. Make sure you scale the reactive power along with the real power component. Next, you should see the values entered shift to the new Nominal Load fields because this is now the new nominal load. As devices are closed in the path of the load to be energized, you may notice that values of MW, MV, or bus voltage may not be populating. If a station load has not been modeled, then these values will not populate until load is connected. Otherwise, after you close the unit breaker you should see parameters populate. We are creating this island with two generators (GT1 & GT2). 6
Once the load is connected in this example, these values begin to populate. The DTS Island Summary display now shows the new Apache Island. This information shows that the frequency is low on this island. In order to raise/control the frequency of this island we will use the DTS Island Frequency Control tool by selecting the icon below. 4. Frequency Control (CFC): Upon selecting, the following will be displayed (below). In order to place units in frequency control, select the generation station APACHE listed here: 7
This will bring up a display of units at the APACHE station. From here we can see there are two units running (GT1, GT2), AGC status and signal, their maximum output capability (PMAX), actual output, they are not in FRQ CTRL, they are in AVR (automatic voltage regulation), and target voltage in 1.0 per unit (pu). In this step, unit GT1 will be selected as the unit for frequency control by selecting the box beside the unit in the FRQ CTRL column. It is important to note that the unit is not yet controlling to a frequency target. Back to the frequency controller, select the box under Freq. Control, then set target frequency to 60.0 (can use slightly higher for anticipated load pickup), Tolerance of.03 is recommended, Timeout of 0 (seconds) should be entered by default. Now that the target parameters are set, the controller can be started by pressing the START button. It is important to note here that if the controller does not seem to start, the cause may be that the current frequency is within the target frequency +/- tolerance. If this is the case, the controller frequency or tolerance can be adjusted to a value outside of the current range. Once the controller is running, simply adjust the target values back to desired values (while the controller is running). 8
Once the START button is pressed, the controller will take control of the units (Local Local), and begin ramping towards the target values set in the controller. 5. Isochronous Unit: If it is desired to emulate an isochronous (zero droop) generator in the island, then when selecting generation for Frequency Control, only select the one unit that is desired to be the isochronous unit. Other units can be started in the island and left in AGC (to assist in arresting frequency decline). In the screen shot below, it can be seen that GT1 is the isochronous unit (only unit in Frequency Control), and GT2 is in AGC controlling to a target load of 2.0 MW. If GT1 loading needs to be lowered to increase regulating room, simply increase the target AGC Signal for GT2. This will increase GT2 load while lowering GT1 load It is important to note here that in order to change frequency controlling units, the controller must be momentarily stopped and then re-started after changes have been made. Also, if you are not emulating isochronous mode, you can add units that can be in frequency control in an island. 9
6. Voltage Control: Voltage control of a unit can be accomplished from the DTS Island Control at the desired station. In this case we are at the Apache station. We can see that the Target voltage set point of the two units online is 1.1000 pu. From the display below I can see that the bus voltage is rather high at 75.7 KV. In order to adjust the voltage on that bus, I will set my target set point to 1.0000 By adjusting my target value to 1.00 pu, the bus voltage is lowered to a value much closer to nominal (69 KV). 10
Apache Bus Voltage: Note the voltage regulator remained in auto (AVR) for this adjustment. There is no need to take the unit out of AVR mode for this setting adjustment. Also, if the AVR for the reference units on an island are taken out of AVR control, the reference for the island will be lost resulting in the island crashing. 7. Ramp Rates: If the units in your island do not seem to be responding as desired, it may be because the ramp rate is modeled for a lower value. This section will show how to adjust the ramp rate of a unit. A word of caution be conservative with ramp rate adjustments as ramp rate that is unreasonably large will likely cause large frequency swings (excursions) in your island. This section will demonstrate how to adjust ramp rate on an Apache unit. In order to open the display for generator characteristics, select the arrow (to display the drop-down menu) next to the DTS purple button in the upper left corner of your display and then select Generation Unit Status. Generation Unit Status 11
You should now see the following display: Unless the intended changes are to take place within the AESO balancing authority (BA), you will need to navigate to the BA with the units targeted to be adjusted. There are a couple of ways to do this. The first method is to type the following command in the field located in the upper right-hand section of the display and press enter: find opa=walc **In this case the BA is WALC so that is the search but if the intended BA is say PACW, then that would be entered instead of WALC. Another method to use is to simply page down using the up/down arrows located in the screen shot below. This will scroll through the BAs alphabetically. 12
Since we are changing the units at the Apache station that is located in the WALC BA, the display for those units is shown below and the unit ramp rate that is to be adjusted is GT2. In the Unit details, the ramp rate is displayed here: To adjust the ramp rate, select either field (Ramp Rate Up or Down), input the desired value, and press enter. This will be the new (default) unit ramp rate. Note if a unit is in manual control, the unit may need to be ramped again for the new setting to take effect.
8. Reserve Monitoring: Select Island Reserve from the drop-down menu beside the purple DTS button. This DTS Island Reserve Status display provides a visual indication of the generation reserves available in your island. Of course only generation capacity of units in frequency control are indicated since they would be responsive. Island Reserve DTS Island Reserve Status (SCADA Display) The island numbers in the display above align with the island numbering in the DTS Island Summary. The company ID will not be displayed in the Reserve Status display as this can change when islands are merged, etc. DTS Island Summary (DTS Display) 13
DTS AGC Modes Quick Reference Island Frequency Controller (Constant Frequency Control Only) Open dropdown next to the DTS (purple) button Select DTS Island Summary Select next to the right side of the island you are working with Enter parameters for island control here: Note If island frequency is within the target range, change the target or tolerance to be outside the current frequency, then start the conroller. Return settings to desired after controller starts. Generator voltage control target: Select Generator Station Then adjust generator AVR target (per unit) voltage: Note Make sure the units connected to common bus or close stations have similar (or same) target values. Also, changes should be small (~increments of.01). PLC Setpoint Control - Generator target loading (recommended): Keeping the unit in AGC mode (not local local), enter desired load value in the AGC Signal field. BA AGC Controller AGC Mode / Frequency Select the DTS (purple) button drop-down menu. Then go to Generation Unit Status and navigate to appropriate BA (either by using arrows, or enter in the upper RH field find opa= (with BA e.g. WALC, PACE). Here you can change the AGC mode by right clicking the selecting desired mode (TLBC, CNIC, or CFC)., and 1
DTS AGC Modes Quick Reference Selecting Units to Control: Units can be selected to control to this BA AGC mode by navigating to Generation Unit Status (in drop down by DTS button). Navigate to desired BA by entering find opa=xxxx in the field in the upper RH corner of the display. All of the generation in the BA will come up. To have the generator control to BA AGC, right click on the MAN Control Status and select Auto. If a change to the unit ramp rate is needed, this can be input into the Ramp Rate (up or down) field. Schedules: In order to view current interchange schedules, navigate from DTS purple button > Related Displays > Generation Monitor and Control > Gen Tie-line Status. Navigate to the BA with the command find opa=xxx in the field located in the upper RH corner of the display. Zero Droop: This setting is no longer changed. To emulate zero droop setting it is suggested that the zero droop unit be utilized as the unit in frequency control as set in the Island Frequency Control. If using the BA AGC control, set mode to CFC and desired unit to Auto in the Generation Unit Status display. Keyboard Shortcut Summary: Zoom** F7 F8 Ctrl + Mouse wheel Pan** Scroll Bars side and bottom Mouse wheel button Display overview F6 Display previous F2 Zoom In Zoom Out Move wheel forward for zoom in. Move wheel back to zoom out. Side bar for up and down Bottom bar for side to side While holding down button, move mouse in direction desired. Grab the smaller box in the overview window and move to the area desired and the display will move to that area as well. Previous (Back one page) **To perform any of these options, the display must be selected first. This can be done by clicking within the display area (avoiding links). 2