VNS3 Configuration IaaS Private Cloud Deployments
Table of Contents Requirements 3 Remote Support Operations 12 IaaS Deployment Setup 13 VNS3 Configuration Document Links 19 2
Requirements 3
Requirements You have an IaaS account or local IaaS infrastructure (Citrix, RedHat, VMware, OpenStack, Eucalyptus, etc) where you can run a Virtual Machine instance via an image template provided by Cohesive Networks. You have the ability to deploy image templates to the IaaS infrastructure and create instances of them. Instance Requirements include: 10gig+ ephemeral or block storage-backed image capacity per image template needed 2gig memory and 2 virtual cores are practical production minimum When using L4-L7 plugins, more cores and memory may be needed AES-NI available via hardware - to hypervisor - to VM guests is ideal "Jumbo" ethernet frames in the underlying network (9000 MTU) vs. standard 1500 MTU is ideal Ability to configure a client (whether desktop based or cloud based) to use OpenVPN client software. 4
Additional Elements VNS3:ms - When running multiple (more than a handful) virtual VNS3 Controllers it is recommended that VNS3:ms (management system is used). It makes managing virtual networks at scale much easier. VNS3 Routing Agent - When running more than the simplest topologies, especially ones where different network paths (routes) may come and go, it is recommended that you use the VNS3 routing agent on each of the virtual hosts connecting to VNS3 as their network overlay controller. VNS3 overlay uses TLS tunneling technology, for which there is not a standard routing protocol. The VNS3 routing agent allows hosts on an overlay to receive dynamic route updates, eliminating a need for tunneling agent restarts. 5
IPsec Requirements In order to be interoperable with other data centers via IPsec, VNS3 supports a wide range of systems and standards. Preferred Most models from Cisco Systems*, Juniper, Watchguard, Dell SONICWALL, Netgear, Fortinet, Barracuda Networks, Check Point*, Zyxel USA, McAfee Retail, Citrix Systems, Hewlett Packard, D-Link, WatchGuard, Palo Alto Networks, OpenSwan, pfsense, and Vyatta. Best Effort Any IPsec device that supports: IKE1 or IKE2, AES256 or AES128 or 3DES, SHA1 or MD5. *Known Exclusions Checkpoint R65+ requires native IPSec connections as Checkpoint does not conform to NAT-Traversal Standards and Cisco ASA 8.4(2)-8.4(4) bugs prevent a stable connection from being maintained. 6
Getting Help with VNS3 Custom IaaS deployments will require interaction with the Cohesive team around basics of your deployment. This is required to ensure the product shipped is compatible with your environment. If you are interested in more custom use cases and would like Cohesive to advise and help setup the topology contact sales@cohesive.com for services pricing. This guide covers a very generic VNS3 setup. If you need specific help with project planning, POCs, or audits, contact our professional services team via sales@cohesive.net for details. Please review the VNS3 Support Plans and Contacts before sending support inquiries. 7
Firewall Considerations VNS3 Controller instances use the following TCP and UDP ports. UDP port 1194 For client VPN connections; must be accessible from all servers that will join VNS3 topology as clients. UDP 1195-1203* For tunnels between Controller peers; must be accessible from all peers in a given topology. TCP port 8000 HTTPS admin interface; must be accessible from hosts where you will want to obtain runtime status or configure peering, also needs to be open to and from the Controllers at least for the peering process, and needs to be accessible when downloading credentials for installation on overlay network clients. UDP port 500 UDP port 500 is used the phase 1 or IKE (Internet Key Exchange) component of an IPsec VPN connection. ESP Protocol 50 and possibly UDP port 4500 Protocol 50 is used for phase 2 or ESP (Encapsulated Security Payload) component of an IPsec VPN connection only when negotiating with native IPsec. UDP port 4500** is used for the phase 2 or ESP (Encapsulated Security Payload) component of an IPsec VPN connection when using NAT-Traversal Encapsulation. *VNS3:vpn and VNS3:net Lite Edition will not require UDP ports 1195-1197 access as it is not licensed for Controller Peering. ** Some public cloud providers require IPsec connections to use NAT-Traversal encapsulation on UDP port 4500 8
Sizing Considerations Image Size and Architecture VNS3 Controller Images are available as 64bit images to allow the greatest flexibility for your use-case. We recommend Controller instances be launched with at least 512MB of RAM. Smaller sizes are supported but the performance will depend on the use-case. Clientpack Key Size VNS3 Controllers currently generate 1024 bit keys for connecting the clients to the overlay network via the clientpacks. Smaller or larger encryption keys can be provided upon request (from 64 bit to 2048 bit). Future releases of VNS3 will provide the user control over key size and cipher during initialization and configuration. 9
Network Considerations Docker for Layer 4-7 Network Function Services VNS3 3.5 provides the ability for users to import and launch Docker and/or LXC application containers inside VNS3 Managers. This allows customization of the VNS3 NFV appliance and adds options for how an application can be deployed to the clouds. In order to provide this functionality, the Docker system needs a subnet to run and communicate to/from the running application containers. Users can edit this subnet but the default is 198.51.100.0/28. If you plan on using the default make sure there is no network overlap with the environments you plan to connect using VNS3. 10
Address Considerations Restrictions Your VLAN CIDR and Subnets cannot not overlap with the VNS3 Overlay Network Subnet. VLANs Virtual machine deployments are launched in VLAN CIDRs. VNS3 VNS3 provides an encrypted subnet in addition to the VLAN subnets. Servers that are configured to join the VNS3 encrypted Overlay Network do so via OpenVPN connections using the VNS3 generated Client Packs. Each Client Pack is tied to a specific Overlay Network Address VLAN Subnets (eth0) Not Encrypted OpenVPN is not required on Client Servers Clients Packs are not required on Client Servers Cannot join generic EC2 directly (public Internet connection required) No Additional Overhead VNS3 Overlay Network Subnet (tun0) Encrypted OpenVPN is required on Client Servers Client Packs are required on Client Servers Can join generic EC2 services directly (OpenVPN or Peer Controller required) Additional Overhead (minimal) 11
Remote Support Note that TCP 22 (ssh) is not required for normal operations. Each VNS3 Controller is running a restricted SSH daemon, with access limited only to Cohesive for debugging purposes controlled by the user via the Remote Support toggle and key exchange generation. In the event Cohesive needs to observe runtime state of a VNS3 Controller in response to a tech support request, we will ask you to open Security Group access to SSH from our support IP range and Enable Remote Support via the Web UI. Cohesive will send you an encrypted passphrase to generate a private key used by Cohesive Support staff to access your Controller. Access to the restricted SSH daemon is completely controlled by the user. Once the support ticket has been closed you can disable remote support access and invalidate the access key. 12
IaaS Deployment Setup 13
Get Access to the current release Cohesive Networks will make an OVF / OVA file applicable for your virtual infrastructure available to you. This should be used to create your standard VNS3 image template in your virtual infrastructure library. Before providing you with the image, Cohesive will need to know if your VNS3 Controllers will have a public Internet edge; regardless of whether directly of via NAT-ing and port/ protocol forwarding. If the VNS3 Controllers will be connectable via the Internet there is a slight, but significant distinction in their boot up sequence. If your controllers will be wholly on-prem wrapping a local application and not providing public edge services you will need a different image. We call this the running local private configuration. 14
Initial Network Configuration Many private virtual infrastructures do not have the dynamic association of static IP addresses (like Amazon does). They also do not have a way to assign an IP address to a virtual adapter (vsphere for example). As a result the Virtual Infrastructure edition ships with a VERY simple configuration script for setting the initial ETH0 address via the virtual infrastructure console. When using VNS3 on prem assume the ETH0 is the outer address of the VNS3 Controller and ETH1 is the inner address of the controller. 15
Running the set_net.sh script Once you create a VNS3 instance, you then need to access it via the virtual infrastructure console. From the console you log in as a simple user which is locked to a single script; the set-net.sh script. The username is console-user The password is console-user Run sudo./set_net.sh. It will prompt you to Add or Create. Use the create option and enter the address you will use to do initial administration of the instance via its Web UI or API via ETH0. Enter the address, CIDR, and gateway. Then Add DNS entry - you can only add one DNS entry. If your controller will have a public edge, this DNS needs to be able to resolve public names. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO SET ETH1 with this script. That is done via WEB UI/API. SEE FOLLOWING PAGES FOR SCREEN SHOTS. 16
VMware Console to access "set_net.sh" Click on "Preview" 17
Login via console as "console-user" 18
Run "sudo./set_net.sh" 19
Use the "C" option to enter static IP info Use the "C" option and enter network information for the outer network adapter (usually eth0). Do not enter information for any other adapters or you may break your VNS3 installation. 20
Use the "E" option to save static IP info Use the "Ex" option to save the information. The network interface will be restarted with the network information provided. IGNORE the resolveconf warning message. 21
Create port access for your instance VNS3 uses the ports listed on the previous page discussing ports. Use the IaaS firewall and/or hypervisor firewall utilities to ensure that access to those ports are set. You should then be able to reach the Web UI for configuration via: https://<vns3 instance ETH0 ip>:8000 22
VNS3 Configuration Document Links 23
VNS3 Configuration Document Links VNS3 Product Resources - Documentation Add-ons VNS3 Configuration Instructions (Free & Lite Editions BYOL) Instructions and screenshots for configuring a VNS3 Controller in a single or multiple Controller topology. Specific steps include, initializing a new Controller, generating clientpack keys, setting up peering, building IPsec tunnels, and connecting client servers to the Overlay Network. VNS3 Administration Document Covers the administration and operation of a configured VNS3 Controller. Additional detail is provided around the VNS3 Firewall, all administration menu items, upgrade licenses, other routes and SNMP traps. VNS3 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting document that provides explanation issues that are more commonly experienced with VNS3. 24