Relay Configuration Tool

1MRS751903-MEN Issued: 30.10.2000 Version: D Program revision: 1.3.2 We reserve the right to change data without prior notice. Notice 1 The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by ABB. ABB assumes no responsibility for any error that may occur in this document. Notice 2 This document complies with the program revision 1.3.2. Notice 3 Additional information may be found in the Release Notes. Trademarks Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Windows NT is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. All Microsoft products referenced in this document are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN LIB 500 manuals LIB 500 Configuration Manual LIB 500 Operator s Manual 1MRS751880-MEN 1MRS751885-MUM LIB 510 manuals LIB 510 Configuration LIB 510 MV Process Configuration LIB 510 MV Process Operator s Manual LIB 510 Operator s Manual 1MRS751886-MEN 1MRS751887-MEN 1MRS751891-MUM 1MRS751888-MUM SMS 510 manuals SMS 510 Installation and Commisioning SMS 510 Operator s Manual 1MRS751897-MEN 1MRS751898-MUM CAP 501 manuals CAP 501 Installation and Commisioning CAP 501 Operator s Manual 1MRS751899-MEN 1MRS751900-MUM CAP 505 manuals CAP 505 Installation and Commissioning CAP 505 Operator s Manual Relay Mimic Editor Configuration Relay Configuration Quick Start Reference SPTO Configuration Tool Protocol Editing Tool Operator s Manual 1MRS751901-MEN 1MRS751902-MUM 1MRS751903-MEN 1MRS751904-MEN 1MRS751905-MEN 1MRS751906-MEN 1MRS751982-MUM CAP 505/LIB 510/SMS 510 common manuals Tools for Relays and Terminals 1MRS752008-MUM CAP 505/SMS 510 common manuals SM/Gateways Configuration 1MRS751870-MEN ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 1 Introduction 2 Getting familiar with IEC 1131 3 Realization of the IEC 1131-3 4 Getting started with 5 Editing the project structure 6 Declaring variables and user defined data types 7 Editing in FBD 8 Editing in SFC 9 Editing in IL 10 Compiling 11 Printing your project with a stylish pagelayout 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Making a backup of your project files 12 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN Contents Contents: 1. Introduction...7 1.1. What is?...7 1.2. What kind of documentation do you get?...7 1.3. Symbols and textual conventions...7 2. Getting familiar with IEC 1131...9 2.1. What is IEC 1131?...9 2.2. Configuration elements...9 2.3. POUs, Programs, function blocks and functions...10 2.4. Variables and data types...12 2.5. Programming languages...13 3. Realization of the IEC 1131-3...15 3.1. Project...15 3.2. Libraries...15 3.3. Data types...16 3.4. POUs in...16 3.5. Configurations elements in...17 4. Getting started with...19 4.1. Calling...19 4.2. Using mouse and keyboard...19 4.3. User interface...19 4.4. Menu...20 4.5. Using help for...23 4.6. Editors in...25 5. Editing the project structure...29 5.1. start-up...29 5.2. Changing the properties of existing POUs...30 5.3. Inserting new POUs...31 5.4. Inserting worksheets...32 5.5. Announcing libraries...33 5.6. Deleting worksheets, POUs or libraries...34 6. Declaring variables and user defined data types...35 6.1. Ways how to declare variables in...35 6.2. Symbolic and located variables...35 6.3. Global and local variables...36 6.4. Variable declaration keywords...36 6.5. Declaring variables via dialog...37 6.6. Instantiation...38 7. Editing in FBD...41 7.1. Calling the graphic editor with a FBD worksheet...41 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN Contents 7.2. Inserting functions and function blocks... 42 7.3. Inserting variables... 42 7.4. Connecting objects... 43 7.5. Saving the contents... 45 7.6. Exiting the worksheet... 45 8. Editing in SFC... 47 8.1. Calling the graphic editor with a SFC worksheet... 47 8.2. Introduction to SFC networks... 48 8.3. Inserting a first SFC network... 48 8.4. Inserting more steps and transitions... 49 8.5. Changing an initial step into a normal step or vice versa... 50 8.6. Inserting an alternative branch... 51 8.7. Inserting a simultaneous branch... 52 8.8. Connecting variables to actions... 53 8.9. Connecting variables to transitions... 55 8.10.Action and transition details... 57 8.11.Saving the contents... 58 8.12.Exiting the worksheet... 59 9. Editing in IL... 61 9.1. Calling the text editor with an IL worksheet... 61 9.2. Editing instructions... 61 9.3. Using jumps and labels... 63 9.4. Calling functions or function blocks... 63 9.5. Saving the contents... 64 9.6. Exiting the worksheet... 65 10.Compiling... 67 10.1.Inserting configurations, resources and tasks... 67 10.2.Associating programs to tasks... 68 10.3.Compiling the project... 68 11.Printing your project with a stylish pagelayout... 71 11.1.Calling the pagelayout editor... 71 11.2.Creating a new pagelayout... 72 11.3.Editing the pagelayout... 73 11.4.Editing environment items... 75 11.5.Saving the contents... 78 11.6.Exiting the worksheet... 79 11.7.Assigning the pagelayout to the project... 79 11.8.Printing the project... 80 12.Making a backup of your project files... 83 12.1.Zipping the project files... 83 12.2.Unzipping the project files... 84 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 1. Introduction 1. Introduction 1 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW The documentation for. Conventions used in this tutorial. 1.1. What is? is a standard programming system for IEC designed PLCs and traditional PLCs. It is based on the standard IEC 1131-3 and includes the full range of IEC features. allows especially handling several configurations and resources within one project, including libraries. A comfortable tool for project documentation is implemented and all features of a system based on windows technology can be used, such as zooming, scrolling, toolbar and drag & drop. consists of a PLC independent kernel for programming in the various IEC programming languages. The independent kernel is completed with specific parts adapted to the different PLCs. 1.2. What kind of documentation do you get? The documentation for is divided into several parts. For an understanding of all parts, we are assuming knowledge about using Microsoft 1 Windows 2. The 4XLFN6WDUW5HIHUHQFH0DQXDO gives you a short introduction on how Relay Configuration Tool works and how you can start working with it. The Quick Start Reference is dedicated to people who want to start quickly without reading too much. The 7XWRULDO0DQXDO provides all background information for a better understanding of the concepts of the and of the operations to be done. All steps from calling, editing worksheets up to exiting are described with several examples and figures. The tutorial should be used by people wishing to get a complete overview about what to do with for realizing a PLC program. The FRQWH[WVHQVLWLYHKHOS which can be called everywhere in Relay Configuration Tool by pressing F1, provides detailed and reference information for all parts in. It should be used by an experienced user having a concrete problem and searching for detailed information. 1.3. Symbols and textual conventions The following symbols are used in this tutorial: 1. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. 2. Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. ABB Automation 7

1MRS751903-MEN 1. Introduction is used for enumeration and for an operation which has to be done. is used for an operation which is optional. is used for a sequence of operations to be done with the mouse. is used for a sequence of operations to be done with the keyboard. is used to provide important information. The following textual conventions have been set up for this tutorial: commas are used for names of icons, menu items or proper names of objects e.g. menu item Cut ; function block Level. <ALT> brackets are used for the name of keys on your keyboard and for words, you have to enter. <ALT> + <F4> is used if you have to press two keys at the same time. editor name Italic letters are used as place holders for proper names. 8 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 2. Getting familiar with IEC 1131 2. Getting familiar with IEC 1131 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Purpose and contents of IEC 1131. Configuration elements. POUs, programs, function blocks and functions. Variables and data types. Programming languages. 2 2.1. What is IEC 1131? The standard IEC 1131 has been established to standardize the multiple languages, sets of instructions and different concepts existing in the field of automatization systems. The great variety of PLC concepts has led to an incompatibility between the different PLC platforms and manufacturers. The result was a great effort to be made for trainings, hard- and software investments. IEC 1131 standardizes the programming languages, the interfaces between PLC and programming system, the sets of instructions and the handling and structuring of projects. The advantage of using IEC 1131 conform PLCs and programming systems is a portability of all platforms and the use of same concepts reducing costs for automatization systems. The standard consists of several parts and technical reports. The third part of the standard is dedicated to programming languages. Obviously this standard must have a great influence on the concept, structure, features and their handling of a programming system such as Relay Configuration Tool and of the manner of programming with it. The main changes that have come with IEC 1131-3 are: Declaration of variables is similar to the variable declaration in higher programming languages. Declaration of data types is possible. Global and local data can be differentiated. Programming means symbolic programming. For a better comprehension of and an easier programming, some IEC basis and their realization are described in the following sections. 2.2. Configuration elements An IEC 1131-3 conform PLC programming system should try to reflect the hardware structure or the structure of automatization problems. Therefore, IEC 1131-3 prescribes configuration elements, which have to be declared in the PLC program to reflect this structure. These configuration elements are basically: Configurations ABB Automation 9

1MRS751903-MEN 2. Getting familiar with IEC 1131 Resources Tasks 2.2.1. Configurations A configuration can be compared to a programmable controller system, e.g. a rack. In a configuration, global variables can be declared. The communication between several configurations is done with access paths using VAR_ACCESS. A configuration consists of one or several resources. 2.2.2. Resources A resource can be compared to a CPU which can be inserted in the rack. In a resource, global variables can be declared. In a resource, one or several tasks can be executed. 2.2.3. Tasks Tasks determine the time scheduling of the invocation of different programs associated with them. This means that programs have to be associated to tasks. The properties of the task determine the time scheduling. The information for the time scheduling is not available in programs and function blocks, but it is stored in the associated task. IEC 1131-3 describes different time scheduling which lead to three different task types: &\FOLFWDVNV are activated in a certain time interval and the program is executed periodically. (UURUWDVNV will be activated if an error occurs in a different task. (YHQWRULQWHUUXSWWDVNV are activated if a certain event has happened, e.g. a variable has reached a certain value. 2.3. POUs, Programs, function blocks and functions 2.3.1. Program organization units - POUs Program organization units or POUs are the language elements of a PLC program. They are small, independent software units containing the program code. The name of a POU should be unique within the project. POUs must not be recursive. This means that the invocation of a POU should not cause the invocation of a POU of the same type. Formerly POUs were called program modules In IEC 1131-3 three types of POUs are distinguished referring to their different use: Functions Function blocks Programs 2.3.1.1. Functions Functions are POUs with multiple input parameters and exactly one output parameter. They do not have any internal memory. Consequently, calling a function 10 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 2. Getting familiar with IEC 1131 with the same values always results in the same return value. The return values can be either single data types or multi-element data types such as arrays or structures. IEC 1131-3 lists different types of standard functions: Type conversion functions, such as INT_TO_REAL Numerical functions, such as ABS. Standard arithmetic functions, such as ADD and MUL. Bit-string functions, such as AND and OR. Selection and comparison functions, such as SEL and GE. 2 2.3.1.2. Function blocks 2.3.1.3. Programs Function blocks are POUs with multiple input and output parameters. They do have an internal memory. The value that a function block returns depends of the value of its internal memory. IEC 1131-3 lists different types of standard function blocks: Bistable elements such as SR and RS. Edge detection function blocks, such as R_TRIG and F_TRIG. Counters such as CTU and CTD. Timer function blocks such as TON and TOF. Programs are POUs which contain a logical combination of functions and function blocks according to the needs of the controller process. The behaviour and the use of programs are similar to function blocks. Programs can have input and output parameters as well as internal memories or variables. Programs must be assigned to tasks. )LJ 'LDJUDPRIWKHGHIDXOWWDVNZLWKWZRSURJUDPV 2.3.2. Instantiation For reusing function block definitions IEC 1131-3 provides the possibility of instantiation. This means that the function block code body or a program is defined once and that its internal memory is allocated to different instances, different ABB Automation 11

1MRS751903-MEN 2. Getting familiar with IEC 1131 memory regions. Each instance has an associated identifier and contains the input and output parameter and the internal memory of the function block or program. A function block can be instantiated in another function block or in a program. The instance name of a function block has to be declared in the VAR declaration of the program or function block where it is going to be used. Programs can only be instantiated within resources. 2.3.3. Declaration and instruction part of a POU Every POU consists of two different parts: The declaration part and the code body part. In the GHFODUDWLRQSDUW all necessary variables are declared. These variables are all variables, which are used while editing the PLC program. The LQVWUXFWLRQRUFRGHERG\SDUW of a POU is the part in which the instructions are programmed in the desired programming language. 2.4. Variables and data types 9DULDEOHV are used instead of direct addressing of memory regions in IEC 1131-3 conform programming systems. Variables are names or placeholders, which are given by the user and which are representing the corresponding data. The variable is assigned automatically to a memory region while compiling. IEC 1131-3 distinguishes different types of variable declarations e.g. VAR or VAR_INPUT. Variables with its properties are declared in the declaration part of a POU. The declaration consists basically of the variable name and the data type. The most important elements of a variable declaration are shown in the following example: VAR Variable type level : INT:=42 Name : data type := Initial value VAR_END End of variable declaration 'DWDW\SHV determine what kind of value the variable can have. Data types define the initial value, range of possible values and the number of bits. IEC 1131-3 distinguishes three kinds of data types: Elementary data types. Generic data types. Derived data types. (OHPHQWDU\GDWDW\SHV are pre-defined data types whose range of possible values and number of bits is prescribed by IEC 1131-3. Elementary data types are e.g. BIT, WORD, BOOL or DATE. *HQHULFGDWDW\SHV are data types, which include groups of elementary data types. They are called e.g. ANY_BIT or ANY_REAL. ANY_REAL includes e.g. the elementary data types REAL and LREAL. Generic data types are necessary to define what kind of elementary data types can be connected to inputs or outputs of functions or function blocks. If a function block can be connected with ANY_REAL it means that variables of the data types REAL and LREAL can be connected. 12 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 2. Getting familiar with IEC 1131 'HULYHGGDWDW\SHV are user or manufacturer defined data types which can vary from PLC to PLC type. They are defined with a TYPE... END_TYPE declaration. Derived data types can be enumerated data types, subranges, structures or arrays. The most important elements of a user defined data type declaration are shown in the following example: TYPE Begin of data type declaration type1 : INT (-23..46) name1 : subrange data type type2 : type1 name2 : subrange data type END_TYPE End of data type declaration 2 2.5. Programming languages IEC 1131-3 defines the syntax of 5 programming languages, prescribes a certain representation and describes the different elements that can be used in the language. The programming languages supported by can be differentiated by the physical appearance into 1 textual language and 2 graphical languages. The WH[WXDOODQJXDJH is Instruction List (IL). The JUDSKLFDOODQJXDJHV are Function Block Diagram (FBD) and Sequential Function Chart (SFC). 2.5.1. Instruction List - IL A code body programmed in the textual language IL is composed of a sequence of instructions. Each instruction begins at a new line and shall contain an operator. Modifier and one or more operands are optional. Comments can be inserted at the end of a line using asterisks and brackets. Labels can be added at the beginning of a line if jumps are used. The manner how to edit IL and the basic characteristics of the programming language are described in the chapter Editing in IL on page 61. 2.5.2. Function Block Diagram - FBD A code body programmed in the graphical language FBD is composed of functions and function blocks which are connected with each other or with variables using lines. These lines can also be connected with each other putting together several information or multiplying the information. In FBD networks, it is not possible to connect outputs with outputs. The set of connected objects is called FBD network. Comments can be entered using asterisks and brackets. The programming language FBD has become a widely usable programming language for easy creating complicated networks with function or function blocks calls. The manner how to edit FBD and the basic characteristics of the programming language are described in the chapter Editing in FBD on page 41. ABB Automation 13

1MRS751903-MEN 2. Getting familiar with IEC 1131 2.5.3. Sequential Function Chart - SFC A code body programmed in the graphic language SFC is composed of steps and transitions which are connected with directed links. Associated with each step is one or more actions and with each transition a transition condition. In a step the actions to be executed while the step is active are programmed. A step can be either active or inactive. A transition represents the condition in which the process can pass from one step to another. The action block can be any Boolean variable or another code body worksheet. The transition condition can be a directly connected Boolean expression or another code body worksheet. If you are editing another code body this code body is called detail. The set of connected objects is called SFC network. A typical SFC network forms a closed loop and should have one initial step. Simultaneous or alternative branches can be inserted in the SFC network. Comments can be entered using asterisks and brackets. The manner how to edit SFC and the basic characteristics of the programming language are described in the chapter Editing in SFC on page 47. 14 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 3. Realization of the IEC 1131-3 3. Realization of the IEC 1131-3 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Projects Libraries Data types POUs Configuration elements 3 3.1. Project is a programming system based on the windows technology using the graphic user interface of MS-Windows. Therefore the IEC 1131-3 principles are mostly realized graphically with symbols and icons or dialogs are used where properties of elements can be set. A project represents the set of configuration elements, POUs, libraries and data types of one automatization system. This means that for realizing a PLC program you have to create a project, which contains all necessary elements. This project with its elements is represented in a tree structure, the project tree. )LJ 7KHSURMHFWZLWKLWVVXEWUHHV The subtrees which are always parts of the project tree can have one or several child elements. 3.2. Libraries Libraries in are other projects which have been announced as libraries. You can reuse the programs, function blocks, functions and the user defined data types of the library in the new project you are editing. Libraries have an own subtree in the project tree. )LJ 3URMHFWWUHHZLWKVXEWUHH/LEUDULHV ABB Automation 15

1MRS751903-MEN 3. Realization of the IEC 1131-3 The subtree Libraries consists of two or more icons. The first icon is a directory node. The child element of this directory node represents an announced library. In Figure 3.2.-1 you can see the announced library RECLIB01. 3.3. Data types Data types in are user defined or firmware data types. These data types have their subtree in the project tree where they can be viewed or edited. )LJ 3URMHFWWUHHZLWKVXEWUHH'DWDW\SHV The subtree Data types consists of two or more icons. The first icon of the subtree Data types is a directory node. The child elements of the directory node are the data type worksheets where the data types are edited. In Figure 3.3.-1 you can see the data type worksheet type1. 3.4. POUs in In programs, function blocks and functions can be edited. These POUs are represented in the project tree with an own subtree: The subtree Logical POUs. )LJ 3URMHFWWUHHZLWKVXEWUHH/RJLFDO328V A POU consists of several worksheets. One set of worksheets builds one POUs. These worksheets are: A GHVFULSWLRQZRUNVKHHW where texts describing the POU for documentation purposes can be edited. These worksheets are optional. 16 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 3. Realization of the IEC 1131-3 A YDULDEOHZRUNVKHHW where the declaration of the local variables is done. This worksheet contains the declaration part described by IEC 1131-3. A FRGHERG\ZRUNVKHHW where the instructions in the available programming languages can be edited. This worksheet contains the instruction part described in IEC 1131-3. These three worksheets are represented graphically in by icons: 3 )LJ :RUNVKHHWVRIDSURJUDPLQ)%' In the case of a SFC POU, you have two more icons, the directory nodes for actions and transitions: )LJ,FRQVRID6)&328 3.5. Configurations elements in Configuration elements are represented graphically in the project tree in Relay Configuration Tool. They are grouped together in the subtree 'Physical hardware'. ABB Automation 17

1MRS751903-MEN 3. Realization of the IEC 1131-3 )LJ $QH[DPSOHRIDSURMHFWWUHHLQ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RRO reflects the structure of configuration elements determined by the PLC. Therefore, the configuration elements available in the subtree Physical Hardware may differ from PLC to PLC. In general one or several configurations can be used in. In every configuration, one or several resources can be declared. Several tasks with their associated programs can be used within the resources. 18 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with 4. Getting started with 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Calling Using mouse and keyboard The user interface Using help for Editors in Exiting Exiting the worksheet 4 4.1. Calling is started through the Project Structure Navigator s object tool list. 4.2. Using mouse and keyboard 4.3. User interface supports full use of the mouse or the keyboard. For beginners it may be easier to start working with the mouse because it does not make necessary to learn the keyboard shortcuts. In rough industrial environments, the keyboard may be more appropriate. This tutorial explains both: the use of mouse and keyboard. In the next sections the general use of mouse and keyboard for the menu and toolbar are described. The use of the mouse and the keyboard in the different editors is described in the following chapters. The user interface you get having started consists basically of four parts: Menu, toolbar, main screen and status bar. ABB Automation 19

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with Relay Configuration )LJ 8VHULQWHUIDFHRI5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROZLWKDVDPSOHSURMHFW 3URMHFW 4.4. Menu The menu is represented in the line below the title bar. In the menu bar you find several submenus. The VXEPHQX)LOHcan be used to handle and to save all your projects. It contains also commands for printing, calling the pagelayout editor and preview. For the project tree editor the submenu 'File' has been extended with menu items for special operations. The VXEPHQX(GLWcontains all commands necessary for editing such as marking, choosing different working modes or cutting and pasting. The VXEPHQX6HOHFWLRQ has been implemented for selecting objects. The VXEPHQX2EMHFW is only available if you are using the graphic or the pagelayout editor. It is used to insert objects, which can be used in these editors. The VXEPHQX/D\RXWcan be used for designing what you get on your screen. You can display e.g. page borders or a grid for better organizing the content of your worksheets. 20 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with The VXEPHQX0DNHconsists of different commands for starting the compilation after editing. The VXEPHQX2QOLQHoffers you different commands for the online mode which is used for debugging. The VXEPHQX:LQGRZ can be used to arrange the windows and symbols on your screen. The VXEPHQX+HOScontains all commands for calling help. The menu items of these submenus change according to the program part or editor you are working with. In the context-sensitive help it is explained exactly where the different menu items are available. 4 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &DOOLQJDPHQXLWHPXVLQJWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the submenu 'Layout'. The submenu is opened and you can see the menu items. 2. Do a left mouse click on the menu item 'Zoom in'. The project tree is zoomed in once. &DOOLQJDPHQXLWHPXVLQJWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <ALT> + <L>. The submenu is opened and you can see the menu items 2. Press <I> as it is the underlined character of the menu item 'Zoom in'. The project tree is zoomed in. All submenus or menu items and dialog fields and boxes can be called pressing the underlined character of the corresponding word. 4.4.1. Toolbar The toolbar is located below the menu bar. It consists of one or two lines of different icons. The icons differ from editor to editor. In the context-sensitive help, each icon is explained. The toolbar has been implemented for realizing quickly often used operations with the mouse. In those cases one mouse click on a toolbar icon leads to the same result as doing several steps without the toolbar. In the toolbar two different parts can be distinguished: The general part and the specific part. The JHQHUDOSDUW contains icons, which are available everywhere in Relay Configuration Tool. The VSHFLILFSDUW contains icons, which can be used only in the editors. )LJ ([DPSOHRIDWRROEDULQ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RRO ABB Automation 21

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with Relay Configuration 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 8VLQJWKHWRROEDUIRU]RRPLQJLQ 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Zoom in. The project tree is zoomed in once. 4.4.2. Keyboard Shortcuts The same idea of the toolbar minimizing the steps to do for reaching a certain function was the reason for implementing keyboard shortcuts. Keyboard Shortcuts can be used to reach the purpose with pressing only one key or a key combination. In, several keyboard shortcuts can be used. In the contextsensitive help function, a list of these shortcuts is available. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 8VLQJDNH\ERDUGVKRUWFXWIRU]RRPLQJLQ 1. Turn on Num Lock on your keyboard if it is not activated. 2. Press <+>. The project tree is zoomed in once. 4.4.3. Main screen and workspace On the main screen (see Figure 4.3.-1) of you find all opened windows. Normally you can always see the window of the project tree editor representing the project. Other windows on the main screen can be worksheets of the text editors or the graphic editor. You can change the size and position of these windows. It is also possible to arrange several windows in a desired combination and then save this arrangement as a workspace. This way you can easily create several workspaces for different phases of using. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 6DYLQJDZRUNVSDFHZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Choose the menu item Save Workspace in the submenu File. The dialog Save Workspace as appears. 2. Enter a name for the workspace. 3. Do a left mouse click on the button OK to confirm the dialog. 6DYLQJDZRUNVSDFHZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <ALT> + <F>. The submenu is opened. 2. Press <W>. The dialog Save Workspace as appears. 3. Enter a name for the workspace. 4. Press < > to confirm the dialog. You can open this new workspace you have created using the menu item Open Workspace in the submenu File. 4.4.4. Status bar The status bar contains several fields where different kinds of messages are displayed while you are working with. 22 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with The message in the left corner of the status bar provides information about operations you have done or displays system messages of. If you choose e.g. a menu item a short information on this menu item is given in the message field of the status bar. At the right, the available RAM memory is displayed. The last field on the right is used to indicate the starting-up process of. 4.5. Using help for offers you a context-sensitive help function which contains topics for all parts of. Help is separated into two or more parts: A general help with all general help topics and one or more specific help with PLC specific topics. 4 Both, the general and the specific help have a hierarchical structure. You get three types of topics: 0DLQWRSLFV, describing the general handling of editors. 2EMHFWWRSLFV, giving background information about an object that has been used in an editor. 'LDORJWRSLFV, explaining the fields of the dialogs, and what to do with them. All these topics can be called context-sensitive. But it is also possible to call the table of contents of help for getting an overview and then choosing the topics to read. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &DOOLQJWKHWDEOHRIFRQWHQWVZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Choose the menu item 'Index' in the submenu 'Help'. The table of contents of the general help appears. &DOOLQJDPDLQWRSLFZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Make sure that the project tree is the active window. 2. Choose the menu item 'Current Window' in the submenu 'Help'. The main topic for the project tree editor appears. &DOOLQJDQREMHFWWRSLFZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on an icon in the project tree to mark it. 2. Choose the menu item 'Current Object' in the submenu 'Help'. The topic for the marked object appears. &DOOLQJDGLDORJWRSLFZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Choose the menu item 'Zip Project' in the submenu 'File'. The dialog 'Zip Project' appears. 2. Do a left mouse click on the button 'Help' of the dialog. The help topic for this dialog appears. &DOOLQJWKHWDEOHRIFRQWHQWVZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <ALT> + <H>. The submenu 'Help' is opened. 2. Press <I>. The table of contents of the general help appears. ABB Automation 23

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with Relay Configuration &DOOLQJDPDLQWRSLFZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <H>. The submenu Help is called. 2. Press <W>. The main topic for the project tree editor appears. &DOOLQJDQREMHFWWRSLFZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press < > to mark an icon of the project tree. 2. Press <F1>. The topic for the marked object appears. &DOOLQJDGLDORJWRSLFZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <ALT> + <F>. The submenu File is opened. 2. Press <Z>. The dialog Zip Project appears. 3. Press <F1>. The help topic for this dialog appears. In help, you have the possibility of using, either the menu, the buttons or the green, underlined phrases. These green, underlined words are called jumps and can be used to move quickly to other topics for getting more information. Another possibility of rapidly accessing information is using the button Search. You get a dialog where you can choose the topic you want to call. The list of topics contains all headings of available topics. The menu bar, buttons and jumps are shown for the table of contents of the general help in the following figure: 24 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with 4 )LJ 7DEOHRIFRQWHQWVRIWKHJHQHUDOKHOS 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ -XPSLQJWRDQRWKHUWRSLF 1. Do a left mouse click on an underlined word of the help page. The corresponding topic appears. 4.6. Editors in 4.6.1. The project tree editor - powerful program organization The project tree editor is a comfortable and powerful tool for program organization and project management. It permits structuring the project within four subtrees. So in the subtree Libraries, the project tree editor permits announcing libraries. In the subtree Data types and in the subtree Logical POUs new worksheets can be added ABB Automation 25

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with Relay Configuration or unnecessary ones can be deleted. In the subtree Physical Hardware all configuration elements can be inserted. Programs can be associated to tasks. In the project tree editor a clipboard can be used with Cut & Paste. Furthermore, the specific part of the toolbar offers a quick realization of the main operations. 4.6.2. The graphic editors - easy programming in SFC and FBD The graphic editor is one of the editors which has been implemented for programming the code body worksheets of the POUs. Programming in SFC and FBD can be done. Mixing the programming languages is possible. Relay Configuration Tool checks all entries of the user so that only legal structures can be entered. While inserting new elements, the size of the already existing structures is adapted automatically. In the graphic editor general features, such as search and replace, cut & paste or drag & drop can be used. The specific part of the toolbar offers a quick realization of the main operations. 4.6.3. The text editor - easy programming in IL The text editors have been implemented for programming the code body worksheets of the POUs. Programming in IL is possible in the text editor. Text editors can also be used for entering user defined data types, I/O configurations or variable declarations. The handling of the text editors is similar to the handling of a normal ASCII-editor. Furthermore, some input dialogs ease the programming for novices who do not know the syntax of the languages. More experienced user may prefer typing the instructions. In the text editors, general features such as search and replace, cut and paste can be used so that a comfortable programming is possible. Furthermore, the specific part of the toolbar offers a quick realization of the main operations. 4.6.4. The pagelayout editor - rapid pagelayout styling for printing The pagelayout editor has been implemented for a rapid styling of pagelayouts. These pagelayouts are designed pages with an area in which the content of the code body worksheet is going to be printed. The objects you can arrange on your pagelayout are e.g. hierarchical page numbers, printing date and time or bitmaps. It is also possible to create different sets of objects, the so called environment items, which are available within a certain project or for a certain user. Furthermore, you can use several features, such as drag & drop. The pagelayouts that you have edited can be assigned to a whole project or to single worksheets so that you can decide whether you want to print the whole project with one pagelayout or with different pagelayouts. You can add a table of contents to your project documentation if you want. A preview can be used to view the result of a pagelayout and the assigned worksheet so that you can check it before printing. 26 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with 4.6.5. Exiting You can exit whenever you want. It doesn t matter if one or several editors are still open or if you have already closed all windows. If you have not saved the changes you have done, a dialog appears and you can either save the changes or close the corresponding windows without saving it. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ ([LWLQJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Choose the menu item Exit in the submenu File. is closed. 4 To exit you can also do a left mouse double click on the icon of the system menu on the left corner on the top of the Relay Configuration Tool user interface. ([LWLQJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROXVLQJWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <ALT> + <F>. The submenu File is opened. 2. Press <E>. is closed. You can use also the keyboard shortcut <ALT> + <F4> to exit Relay Configuration Tool. ABB Automation 27

1MRS751903-MEN 4. Getting started with Relay Configuration 28 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 5. Editing the project structure 5. Editing the project structure 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Changing properties of POUs. Inserting POUs. Inserting worksheets. Announcing libraries. Deleting worksheets, POUs or libraries. 5.1. start-up 5 Once starts up, it is already assigned a project to open by the base software. The project will be opened once you have typed the correct password for the project in the ' log-in' dialog. )LJ 7KH5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROORJLQ'LDORJ 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROORJLQ 1. Enter your password. 2. Confirm the dialog. The attached project is opened. Please note that, further in this document the sample project shown in several figures, originates from an earlier version of Relay Configuration Tool being somewhat irrelevant considering the projects shipped with CAP 505 v. 1.0.1 or above. In general, your project tree looks like the figure shown below: ABB Automation 29

1MRS751903-MEN 5. Editing the project structure )LJ 3URMHFW352-(&7ZLWKSURJUDP&RQW&RPRDQGLWVZRUNVKHHWV The project Untitled includes automatically two POUs: the programs ContComo and ProtMeas. The program ContComo has 7 worksheets: The description worksheet 'ContComT' for the POU documentation(optional). The variable worksheet 'ContComV' for the declaration of variables and function block instances. The code body worksheets 'Condmon', 'Alarms', 'DC', 'CB' and 'SWGRPs' for the code body definition It is possible to change the properties of this program or to leave it and to insert new POUs or worksheets. 5.2. Changing the properties of existing POUs Let us assume that you want to use the program 'Untitled' just with a different name. In those cases you have to change the properties of this program. Everywhere in you can change the properties of existing objects doing a right mouse double click on the object or marking it and pressing <ALT> + < >. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &KDQJLQJWKHSURSHUWLHVRIH[LVWLQJ328VZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a right mouse double click on the icon Program name' for changing the properties. The dialog 'Properties' appears. 30 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 5. Editing the project structure &KDQJLQJWKHSURSHUWLHVRIH[LVWLQJ328VZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon Program name. 2. Press <ALT> + < > for changing the properties. The dialog Properties appears. 5 )LJ 'LDORJ3URSHUWLHVZKLOHFKDQJLQJWKHSURSHUWLHVRIH[LVWLQJ328V 5.3. Inserting new POUs 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ3URSHUWLHVZKLOHFKDQJLQJWKHSURSHUWLHVRIH[LVWLQJ 328V 1. Enter a new name of the POU if you want. 2. Change the POU type if you want. 3. Confirm the dialog. The next steps you would certainly like to do is inserting new POUs in different programming languages. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJD328ZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Logical POU in the project tree to mark it. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Insert in the toolbar. The dialog Insert appears. ABB Automation 31

1MRS751903-MEN 5. Editing the project structure,qvhuwlqjd328zlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon Logical POU. 2. Press <INS>. The dialog Insert appears. )LJ 'LDORJ,QVHUWZKLOHLQVHUWLQJDQHZ328 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ,QVHUWZKLOHLQVHUWLQJDQHZ328 1. Enter a name for your new POU. 2. Choose the POU type. 3. Choose the programming language. 4. Confirm the dialog. The new POU with its worksheets is inserted in the project tree. Some programming languages may be greyed according to the number of the available editors. The new worksheets are marked with an asterisk in the project tree. These asterisks mean that the worksheets has been inserted or changed but not yet compiled. 5.4. Inserting worksheets It is also possible to insert new worksheets in POUs. This feature is necessary if you have big code bodies and you want to split them into several pieces for better orientation. If you want to insert new worksheets in POUs the language of the new worksheet is determined by the POU language. It is not possible to insert an IL worksheet in a FBD POU. Inserting new worksheets is similar to inserting new POUs. Just the icons, which have to be marked, are the following: 32 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 5. Editing the project structure For inserting new worksheets in an IL POU mark the icon 'Worksheet in IL'. For inserting new worksheets in an SFC POU mark the icon 'Worksheet in SFC'. For inserting new worksheets in an FBD POU mark the icon 'Worksheet in FBD'. The steps to be done for inserting new data type worksheets in the subtree Data types are also similar to the steps described for inserting new POUs. For inserting new data type worksheets mark the icon 'Data types'. 5.5. Announcing libraries 5 Having already finished one project, you can reuse these POUs and worksheets in a new project. This feature makes superfluous the definition of code bodies, which already exists. To reuse POUs and worksheets of an existing project you have to announce this project as a library of your new project. You can use the programs, function blocks and functions of a library but you can not view or edit them. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ $QQRXQFLQJDOLEUDU\ZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Libraries to mark it. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Insert in the toolbar. The dialog Announce library appears. 3. Choose the project you want to announce as a library. 4. Do a left mouse click on the button OK to confirm the dialog. $QQRXQFLQJDOLEUDU\ZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon Libraries. 2. Press <INS>. The dialog Announce Library appears. 3. Choose the project you want to announce as a library. 4. Press < > to confirm the dialog. The libraries, that are shipped with CAP 505, are installed to the directory:,167$//$7,21'5,9(!?&$3?&20021?,(&/,%6?), Your project tree should look like the following figure now: ABB Automation 33

1MRS751903-MEN 5. Editing the project structure )LJ 3URMHFW352-(&7ZLWKDQQRXQFHGOLEUDU\5()/,% 5.6. Deleting worksheets, POUs or libraries Assuming, that you wanted to insert a different library it is possible to delete the library REFLIB01. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 'HOHWLQJDOLEUDU\ZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Library name to mark it. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Delete in the toolbar. A message box appears. 3. Do a left mouse click on the button OK to confirm the dialog. The library is deleted. 'HOHWLQJDOLEUDU\ZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon Library name. 2. Press <DEL>. A message box appears. 3. Press < > to confirm the dialog. The library is deleted. It is also possible to delete worksheets or whole POUs. In those cases, the corresponding icons of the worksheets or POUs have to be marked. Having confirmed the message box there is no way of restoring the data. Use this feature very carefully! 34 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 6. Declaring variables and user defined data types 6. Declaring variables and user defined data types 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Calling the text editor with a variable worksheet. Declaring variables. Instantiation. User defined data types. Calling the data type editor. Declaring user defined data types. 6.1. Ways how to declare variables in In, you have three possibilities to declare variables: Declaring a variable while editing a code body. Declaring variables using the variable editor. Declaring variables using the variable dialog. The first method means inserting a variable in a code body worksheet which has not been declared before. In this case, the dialog 'Automatic variable declaration' appears for declaring the variable. After confirming this dialog, the variable declaration is autoinserted in the variable worksheet and the new variable is inserted in the code body worksheet. This method is described in the corresponding chapters for the programming languages and SFC. The second method means declaring variables just typing the declarations in the variable editor. In this case, the menu item 'Variables As Dialog' in the submenu 'Layout' has to be unchecked. Doing a left mouse double click on an icon 'Variable declaration' in the project tree the variable editor with the corresponding variable worksheet is opened. The last method means using a dialog instead of the variable editor. In this case, the menu item 'Variable As Dialog' in the submenu 'Layout' has to be checked. Doing a left mouse double click on an icon 'Variable declaration' in the project tree the dialog 'Declaration of variables and FB instances' appears. The declaration of variables or function block instances can be done using this dialog. 6 6.2. Symbolic and located variables According to IEC 1131-3 variables are used for programming instead of direct addressing inputs, outputs or flags. In, either symbolic or located variables can be declared. A declaration of a symbolic variable consists of a variable name and a data type. A declaration of a located variable consists of a variable name, the variable location and a data type. An example of declaration of a symbolic and a located variable is shown in the following example: VAR name : data type := initial value ABB Automation 35

1MRS751903-MEN 6. Declaring variables and user defined data types name AT%location : data type := initial value END_VAR The location of the variable consists of a location prefix and a size prefix. Location prefixes are I for inputs, Q for outputs and M for internal memory. Size prefixes are X for single bits, B for byte, W for word, D for double word and L for long word size. Located variables are stored at the declared logical address and it is up to the application programmer to check that no memory address is used twice. The initial value is optional. If no initial value is used, the variable is initialized with the default initializing value given by the PLC type when starting the program execution. 6.3. Global and local variables The scope of each variable, which is determined by the use of the variable keyword, is limited either to a POU or to the whole project. Therefore, two types can be distinguished: Local variables Global variables If a variable can be used only within a POU, it is called local variable. In those cases, the variable keywords VAR, VAR_INPUT and VAR_OUTPUT can be used. If a variable can be used within the whole project, it is called global variable. It has to be declared as VAR_GLOBAL in the global declaration and as VAR_EXTERNAL in each POU where it is used. It might be useful to declare all I/Os as global variables. In the global variable declaration they should be declared as located variables and in the VAR_EXTERNAL declaration of the POU they should be declared as symbolic variables. The typing effort in case of address changes is minimized doing it this way. 6.4. Variable declaration keywords Up to now we only considered one type of variable declarations: type 'VAR'. According to IEC 1131-3, different types of variable declarations exist. For each type a different keyword is used, as you can see in the following table: Table 6.4.-1 Table of keywords for variable declaration blocks Keyword VAR Variable type / Explanation for internal variables which can be used only within a POU for declaring the instances of function blocks can be used for the declaration of directly represented and located variables in programs can be used for the declaration of symbolic variables can be used with the keyword 'RETAIN' for declaring retentive variables 36 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 6. Declaring variables and user defined data types Table 6.4.-1 Table of keywords for variable declaration blocks VAR_INPUT for variables which are inputs to functions, function blocks and programs to give a value to the POU coming e.g. from another POU its value is only read within the POU can be used only for the declaration of symbolic variables VAR_OUTPUT for variables which are outputs to function blocks and programs supplies an output value for e.g. other POUs its value is written within the POU it is also allowed to read the value can be used only for the declaration of symbolic variables VAR_IN_OUT address of the variable is passed by reference the variable can be read or written typically used for complex data types such as strings, arrays and structures. VAR_EXTERNAL for global variables in the POU its value is supplied by the declaration of VAR_GLOBAL its value can be modified within the POU can be used only for the declaration of symbolic variables VAR_GLOBAL for global variables which can be used in all programs and function blocks of the project can be used for the declaration of directly represented, located and symbolic variables can be used with the keyword 'RETAIN' for declaring retentive variables END_VAR to finish a variable declaration block Global variables have to be declared as VAR_GLOBAL in the global variable declaration of the project and as VAR_EXTERNAL in the variable declaration of the POU. 6 6.5. Declaring variables via dialog For the next steps, let us assume that you want to declare local variables via dialog. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 'HFODULQJYDULDEOHVYLDGLDORJXVLQJWKHPRXVH 1. Make sure that the menu item Variables As Dialog in the submenu Layout is checked. 2. Do a left mouse double click on the icon Variable declaration of the program Untitled. The dialog Declaration of variables and FB instances appears. 'HFODULQJYDULDEOHVYLDGLDORJXVLQJWKHPRXVH 1. Make sure that the menu item Variables As Dialog in the submenu Layout is checked. 2. Press < > or < > mark the icon Variable declaration. 3. Press < >. The dialog Declaration of variables and FB instances appears. ABB Automation 37

1MRS751903-MEN 6. Declaring variables and user defined data types )LJ 'LDORJ'HFODUDWLRQRIYDULDEOHVDQG)%LQVWDQFHV 6.6. Instantiation 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ'HFODUDWLRQRIYDULDEOHVDQG)%LQVWDQFHV 1. Activate the radio button Local Variables. 2. Choose a variable keyword in the list box Usage. 3. Enter a variable name. 4. Enter a location in the field AT if you want to declare a located variable. 5. Choose a data type in the field Data type. 6. Enter a comment if you want. 7. Confirm the dialog. Your variable is declared. IEC 1131-3 provides the possibility of instantiation. Instantiation means that a function block is defined once and can be used several times in different POUs. As function blocks always have an internal memory, it is necessary to store its values for each time the function block is used to a different memory region. This is done using instance names. The instance name is declared in the variable declaration of the POU where the function block is going to be reused. In the following an example of a variable declaration for the function block FB_exam with two instances is shown: VAR drive1 : FB_exam 38 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 6. Declaring variables and user defined data types drive2 : FB_exam END_VAR The function block FB_exam, whose code body has been defined somewhere in the project, has got two instances. The instance name of the first instance is drive1, of the second drive2. In the corresponding code body worksheet, you can use the function block FB_exam twice, entering in both cases the correct instance name. Function block instances can be declared via dialog as it is described in the section Declaring variables via dialog on page 37 of this chapter. Function blocks can be instantiated within programs or other function blocks. Functions can be called without instantiation because they do not have an internal memory. In, the instance tree shows all instances used in your project, as it is shown in the following example: 6 )LJ ([DPSOHRIDQLQVWDQFHWUHH In this example, there is one program instance of both of the programs PROTMEAS and CONTCOMO used in the tasks TASK1 and TASK2 respectively. Program instances are created just associating a program to a task and entering an instance name in the corresponding dialog. Associating programs to tasks is described in the chapter Compiling on page 67 of this. ABB Automation 39

1MRS751903-MEN 6. Declaring variables and user defined data types 40 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 7. Editing in FBD 7. Editing in FBD 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Calling the graphic editor with a FBD worksheet. Inserting functions and function blocks. Inserting variables. Connecting objects. Saving the contents. Exiting the worksheet. 7.1. Calling the graphic editor with a FBD worksheet The first step before editing a FBD code body worksheet is to call the graphic editor with the FBD worksheet. This step is done using the project tree. Let us assume for the following description that you want to edit the FBD worksheet of a function block which is called FBD_FB. Therefore you have to insert first a function block with this name as it is described in the chapter Editing the project structure on page 29. 7 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &DOOLQJWKHJUDSKLFHGLWRUIRUWKH)%'FRGHERG\ZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse double click on the icon 'Worksheet in FBD' of the function block 'FBD_FB'. The graphic editor with the FBD worksheet appears. &DOOLQJWKHJUDSKLFHGLWRUIRUWKH)%'FRGHERG\ZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKH NH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon 'Worksheet in FBD' of the function block 'FBD_FB'.. 2. Press < >. The graphic editor with the FBD worksheet appears. )LJ *UDSKLFHGLWRUZLWKWKH)%'ZRUNVKHHW ABB Automation 41

1MRS751903-MEN 7. Editing in FBD 7.2. Inserting functions and function blocks The first step you have to do is inserting function and function blocks in your FBD worksheet. For the next description, let us assume that you want to insert the function block CTU. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJDIXQFWLRQEORFNZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click in the editing field to set an insertion mark. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Insert function/function block in the toolbar. The dialog Function/Function Block appears.,qvhuwlqjdixqfwlrqeorfnzlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press <SPACE> to set an insertion mark. 2. Press <F>. The dialog Function/Function Block appears. )LJ 'LDORJ)XQFWLRQ)XQFWLRQ%ORFN 7.3. Inserting variables 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ)XQFWLRQ)XQFWLRQ%ORFN 1. Choose the name of the function block CTU in the list box Name. 2. Confirm the dialog. The function block is inserted at the insertion mark. For inserting variables in a FBD worksheet you have 2 possibilities: Inserting variables somewhere in the editing field or inserting variables already connected to functions or function blocks. For the next steps let us assume that you want to insert a variable already connected to the function block CTU. The first step to be done for inserting a variable somewhere in the editing field is setting an insertion mark in the editing field. All other steps are the same. 42 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 7. Editing in FBD 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJDYDULDEOHDWWKHIRUPDOSDUDPHWHU39ZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the formal parameter PV to mark it. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Insert variable in the toolbar. The dialog Variable appears.,qvhuwlqjdyduldeohdwwkhirupdosdudphwhu39zlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of the formal parameter PV. 2. Press <SPACE> to mark it. 3. Press <V>. The dialog Variable appears. 7 )LJ 'LDORJ9DULDEOH 7.4. Connecting objects 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ9DULDEOH 1. Enter the name of the variable. 2. Confirm the dialog. The variable is inserted at the formal parameter. If you have inserted functions, function blocks or variables somewhere in the editing field, you have to connect them to create a FBD network. For the next section, let us assume that you want to connect the function block CTU with the function ADD. Therefore you have to insert first the function ADD following the steps described in the section Inserting function blocks and functions. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &RQQHFWLQJWZRREMHFWVZLWKGUDJ GURSZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the function ADD and keep it pressed. 2. Move the mouse towards the function block so that the connection points overlap. 3. Release the mouse button. The connection is set. 4. Move either the function or the function block to a free position if you want to. &RQQHFWLQJWZRREMHFWVZLWKGUDJ GURSZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of the function ADD. 2. Press <SPACE> and keep it pressed. ABB Automation 43

1MRS751903-MEN 7. Editing in FBD 3. Press the cursor keys to move towards the function block so that the connection points overlap. 4. Release <SPACE>. The connection is set. 5. Move either the function or the function block to a free position if you want. )LJ )XQFWLRQDQGIXQFWLRQEORFNEHIRUHVHWWLQJWKHFRQQHFWLRQ )LJ 7KHFRQQHFWLRQLVVHW 44 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 7. Editing in FBD )LJ 7KHIXQFWLRQLVPRYHGWRDIUHHSRVLWLRQZLWKWKHUHPDLQLQJFRQQHFWLRQ It is also possible to use the connection mode for connecting objects in FBD worksheets. The connection mode is described in the context-sensitive help for. Do not forget to declare the instance of the function block in the variable declaration of the POU as it is described in the chapter Declaring variables and user defined data types on page 35. 7 7.5. Saving the contents While you are editing you should regularly save the changes you have done. In case of a power failure or other events, you risk loss of data if you do not save your work. In, you can save every time the changes of the current worksheet. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 6DYLQJWKHFKDQJHVRIWKHFXUUHQWZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon 'Save' in the toolbar. The worksheet is saved. 6DYLQJWKHFKDQJHVRIWKHFXUUHQWZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <CTRL> + <S>. The worksheet is saved. 7.6. Exiting the worksheet If you have finished editing the worksheet, you can close the worksheet. A dialog appears where you can enter if you want to save your changes or not. For saving and exiting all opened worksheets choose the menu item 'Close all' in the submenu 'File'. ABB Automation 45

1MRS751903-MEN 7. Editing in FBD 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ ([LWLQJWKHZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the submenu File. The submenu appears. 2. Do a left mouse click on the menu item Close. The dialog Relay Configuration Tool: editor name appears. ([LWLQJWKHZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <CTRL> + <F4>. The dialog : editor name appears. )LJ 'LDORJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROHGLWRUQDPHIRUZRUNVKHHW )%'B)% 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROeditor name 1. Press the button Yes to exit the worksheet with saving the changes. 2. Press the button No to exit the worksheet without saving the changes. 46 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC 8. Editing in SFC 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Calling the graphic editor with a SFC worksheet. SFC networks. Inserting SFC networks and branches. Connecting variables. Action and transition details. Saving the contents. Exiting the worksheet. 8.1. Calling the graphic editor with a SFC worksheet The first step before editing a SFC code body worksheet is to call the graphic editor with the SFC worksheet. This step is done using the project tree. Let us assume for the following description that you want to edit the SFC worksheet of a program, which is called SFC_PROG. Therefore, you have to insert first a program with this name as it is described in the chapter Editing the project structure on page 29. 8 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &DOOLQJWKHJUDSKLFHGLWRUIRUWKH6)&FRGHERG\ZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse double click on the icon 'Worksheet in SFC' of the program 'SFC_PROG'. The graphic editor with the SFC worksheet appears. &DOOLQJWKHJUDSKLFHGLWRUIRUWKH6)&FRGHERG\ZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKH NH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon 'Worksheet in SFC' of the program 'SFC_PROG'. 2. Press < >. The graphic editor with the SFC worksheet appears. ABB Automation 47

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC )LJ *UDSKLFHGLWRUZLWKWKH6)&ZRUNVKHHW 8.2. Introduction to SFC networks SFC networks consist basically of steps and transitions forming a closed loop. A step is a set of instructions, which are executed while the step is active. This set of instructions is called action block. An action block has got a qualifier and an action. An action can be a variable or a proper code body called detail. If a transition becomes true and the next step is activated, the last action is executed for the last time if it is a detail and not a variable. A transition is the condition, which determines the moment when the step becomes inactive and the next step is executed. In every SFC network, you should have exactly one initial step, which is the first step to be executed. 8.3. Inserting a first SFC network For the next descriptions, let us start with a simple SFC network. In this first step, you have to insert a SFC network with one step and one transition. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJD6)&QHWZRUNZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click in the editing field to set an insertion mark. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Insert step/transition. A SFC network with one step and one transition is inserted.,qvhuwlqjd6)&qhwzrunzlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press <SPACE> to set an insertion mark. 2. Press <S>. A SFC network with one step and one transition is inserted. Your screen should look like the following figure: 48 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC )LJ 6)&ZRUNVKHHWZLWKRQHVWHSDQGRQHWUDQVLWLRQ In the figure, you can see a SFC network with one initial step (S001), the corresponding action block (A001) and one transition (T001). 8.4. Inserting more steps and transitions 8 Let as assume that you want to insert three more steps and transitions in your SFC network. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJPRUHVWHSVDQGWUDQVLWLRQVZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on a step to mark it. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Insert step/transition. Another step and transition is inserted. 3. Repeat the steps for two more steps and transitions.,qvhuwlqjpruhvwhsvdqgwudqvlwlrqvzlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of a step. 2. Press <SPACE> to mark the step. 3. Press <S>. Another step and transition is inserted. 4. Repeat the steps for two more steps and transitions. Your screen should look like the following figure now: ABB Automation 49

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC )LJ 6)&QHWZRUNZLWKIRXUVWHSV 8.5. Changing an initial step into a normal step or vice versa Up to now, the step you have inserted first is the initial step. For the next sections, let us assume that you want the second step to be the initial step. Therefore, you have to change the first step into a normal step and the second step into an initial step. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &KDQJLQJDQLQLWLDOVWHSLQWRDQRUPDOVWHSZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a right mouse double click on the initial step. The dialog Step appears. &KDQJLQJDQLQLWLDOVWHSLQWRDQRUPDOVWHSZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of the initial step. 2. Press <SPACE> to mark the step. 3. Press <ALT> + < >. The dialog Step appears. 50 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC )LJ 'LDORJ6WHS 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ6WHS 1. Deactivate the check box Initial step. 2. Confirm the dialog. 3. Change the normal step S002 into an initial step. 8.6. Inserting an alternative branch 8 An alternative branch means that either one or another transition becomes true and only one part of the branch is executed. For the next description, let us assume that you want to insert an alternative branch behind step S003. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJDQDOWHUQDWLYHEUDQFKZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on step S003 to mark it. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Insert branch in the toolbar. The dialog Divergence appears.,qvhuwlqjdqdowhuqdwlyheudqfkzlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of step S003. 2. Press <SPACE> to mark the step. 3. Press <B>. The dialog Divergence appears. )LJ 'LDORJ'LYHUJHQFH 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ'LYHUJHQFH 1. Confirm the dialog with the default value. Your screen should look like the following figure: ABB Automation 51

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC )LJ 6)&QHWZRUNZLWKDQDOWHUQDWLYHEUDQFK For inserting alternative branches you can also use the SFC branch edit mode. The SFC branch edit mode is described in the context-sensitive help for Relay Configuration Tool. 8.7. Inserting a simultaneous branch Simultaneous branches are branches where steps and their action blocks are executed simultaneously. For the next description, let us assume that you want to insert a simultaneous branch at transition T004. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJDVLPXOWDQHRXVEUDQFKZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on transition T004 to mark it. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Insert branch in the toolbar. The dialog Divergence appears.,qvhuwlqjdvlpxowdqhrxveudqfkzlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of transition T004. 2. Press <SPACE> to mark the transition. 3. Press <B>. The dialog Divergence appears. 52 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC )LJ 'LDORJ'LYHUJHQFH 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ'LYHUJHQFH 1. Confirm the dialog with the default value. Your screen should looks like the following figure: 8 )LJ 6)&QHWZRUNZLWKDQDOWHUQDWLYHDQGDVLPXOWDQHRXVEUDQFK For inserting simultaneous branches you can also use the SFC branch edit mode. The SFC branch edit mode is described in the context-sensitive help for Relay Configuration Tool. 8.8. Connecting variables to actions In SFC, it is possible to connect Boolean variables to actions. According to the action qualifier the value of the variable behaves. If the qualifier N is used the variable is TRUE while the associated step is active. Qualifier S stores the variable with the value TRUE. The qualifier R resets the variable to FALSE. ABB Automation 53

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &RQQHFWLQJYDULDEOHVWRDFWLRQVZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a right mouse double click on the action block A006. The dialog Action appears. &RQQHFWLQJYDULDEOHVWRDFWLRQVZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of action block A006. 2. Press <SPACE> to mark the action block. 3. Press <ALT> + < >. The dialog Action appears. )LJ 'LDORJ$FWLRQ 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ$FWLRQ 1. Enter the name of the variable in the field Name. 2. Activate the radio button variable. 3. Confirm the dialog. In the following figure, you can see the action block with the variable name: 54 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC 8 )LJ $FWLRQEORFNZLWKYDULDEOHQDPH 8.9. Connecting variables to transitions If you want to connect a variable to a transition, you have to do two main steps. First changing the properties of the transition into a direct connection and then inserting and connecting the variable. For the next sections, let us assume that you want to connect a variable called var1 to transition T005. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &KDQJLQJWKHSURSHUWLHVRIWKHWUDQVLWLRQZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a right mouse double click on transition T005. The dialog Transition appears. &KDQJLQJWKHSURSHUWLHVRIWKHWUDQVLWLRQZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of transition T003. 2. Press <SPACE> to mark the transition. The dialog Transition appears. )LJ 'LDORJ7UDQVLWLRQ ABB Automation 55

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ7UDQVLWLRQ 1. Activate the radio button Direct connection. 2. Confirm the dialog. The transition is represented with a green connection point. In the following figure, you can see a transition with a green connection point: )LJ 7UDQVLWLRQZLWKDJUHHQFRQQHFWLRQSRLQW,QVHUWLQJWKHYDULDEOHZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the transition to mark it. 2. Do a left mouse click on the transition to mark it. The dialog Variable appears.,qvhuwlqjwkhyduldeohzlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of the transition. 2. Press <SPACE> to mark it. The dialog Variable appears. )LJ 'LDORJ9DULDEOH 56 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ9DULDEOH 1. Enter the name of the variable. 2. Confirm the dialog. The variable is inserted. In the following figure, you can see a variable connected to a transition: 8 )LJ 9DULDEOHFRQQHFWHGWRDWUDQVLWLRQ Instead of variables also networks in one of the other graphical programming languages can be connected to transitions being a direct connection. In those cases just insert the objects you want to have as it is described in the chapter Editing in FBD on page 41 and connect them to the connection point of the transition. Do not forget to declare the instance of the function block in the variable declaration of the POU as it is described in the chapter Declaring variables and user defined data types on page 35. 8.10. Action and transition details According to IEC 1131-3 it is possible to edit a code body for actions and transitions instead of connecting variables. These code bodies are edited in proper worksheets, which you have to insert in the project tree under the directory nodes for actions and transitions. Assuming, that you have already edited 2 worksheets called 'actcode1' and 'tracode1' in one of the programming languages, you have to insert the names of the worksheets in the SFC worksheet. ABB Automation 57

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJDFWLRQGHWDLOVLQWKH6)&QHWZRUNZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a right mouse double click on the action block A005. The dialog Action appears.,qvhuwlqjdfwlrqghwdlovlqwkh6)&qhwzrunzlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press the cursor keys to go to the position of the action block A005. 2. Press <SPACE> to mark the action. The dialog Action appears. )LJ 'LDORJ$FWLRQ 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ$FWLRQ 1. Enter the name of the worksheet in the field Name. 2. Activate the radio button Detail. 3. Confirm the dialog. For transition, the same steps as for actions have to be done. Mark the transition, call the properties dialog, enter the name of the transition worksheet and activate the radio button Detail. 8.11. Saving the contents While you are editing you should regularly save the changes you have done. In case of a power failure or other events, you risk loss of data if you do not save your work. In, you can save every time the changes of the current worksheet. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 6DYLQJWKHFKDQJHVRIWKHFXUUHQWZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Save in the toolbar. The worksheet is saved. 6DYLQJWKHFKDQJHVRIWKHFXUUHQWZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <CTRL> + <S>. The worksheet is saved. 58 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC 8.12. Exiting the worksheet If you have finished editing the worksheet, you can close the worksheet. A dialog appears where you can enter if you want to save your changes or not. For saving and exiting all opened worksheets choose the menu item Close all in the submenu File. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ ([LWLQJWKHZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the submenu File. The submenu appears. 2. Do a left mouse click on the menu item Close. The dialog Relay Configuration Tool: HGLWRUQDPH appears. ([LWLQJWKHZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <CTRL> + <F4>. 8 )LJ 'LDORJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROHGLWRUQDPHIRUZRUNVKHHW 6)&B352* 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROeditor name 1. Press the button Yes to exit the worksheet with saving the changes. 2. Press the button No to exit the worksheet without saving the changes. ABB Automation 59

1MRS751903-MEN 8. Editing in SFC 60 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 9. Editing in IL 9. Editing in IL 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Calling the text editor with an IL worksheet. Editing instructions. Using jumps and labels. Calling functions or function blocks. Saving the contents. Exiting the worksheet. 9.1. Calling the text editor with an IL worksheet The first step before editing a IL code body worksheet is to call the text editor with the IL worksheet. This step is done using the project tree. Let us assume for the following description that you want to edit the IL worksheet of a function block, which is called IL_FB. Therefore, you have to insert first a function block worksheet with this name as it is described in the chapter Editing the project structure on page 29. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 9 &DOOLQJWKHWH[WHGLWRUIRUWKH,/FRGHERG\ZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse double click on the icon 'Worksheet in IL' of the function block 'IL_FB'. The text editor with the IL worksheet appears. &DOOLQJWKHWH[WHGLWRUIRUWKH,/FRGHERG\ZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKH NH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon 'Worksheet in IL' of the function block 'IL_FB'. 2. Press < >. The text editor with the IL worksheet appears. )LJ,/HGLWRU ABB Automation 61

1MRS751903-MEN 9. Editing in IL 9.2. Editing instructions An instruction list consists of several instructions. Each instruction starts at a new line and contains an operator. Modifier and operand are optional. A comment can be entered at the end of the line using brackets and asterisks. An instruction list with three instructions is shown in the following example: LD %IX2.2 (*input value*) ADD value (*add value*) ST %QX2.2 (*result of addition*) In the example, each instruction consists of an operator, an operand and a comment. For the following description, let us assume that you want to edit an instruction list, which loads the value of the variable start, defined in the variable worksheet IL_FBV, compare it with a different value and store it to the variable end. Both variables have been already declared as it is described in chapter Declaring variables and user defined data types on page 35. In this case, the data type of the variable 'end' has to be BOOL, because comparison can be either true or false. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ (GLWLQJLQVWUXFWLRQVZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a right mouse double click in the editing field of the text editor. The dialog 'IL dialog' appears. (GLWLQJLQVWUXFWLRQVZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <ALT> + < >. The dialog 'IL dialog' appears. )LJ,/'LDORJ 2. Enter or choose <LD> in the field 'Operator'. 3. Enter <start> as the name of a variable in the field 'Operand'. 62 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 9. Editing in IL 4. Press the button Next line to go to the next line. 5. Enter <GT> in the field Operator for the comparison greater than. 6. Enter <INT#5> to compare start with a constant of the value 5. 7. Press the button Next line to go to the next line. 8. Enter <ST> in the field Operator. 9. Enter <end> as the name of the variable where to store the result. 10.Confirm the dialog. The result on your screen should looks like the following figure now: )LJ :RUNVKHHW,/B)%ZLWKDQH[DPSOHRIDQLQVWUXFWLRQOLVW If you do not want to use the input dialog you can also enter your instructions just typing them. 9 9.3. Using jumps and labels Jumps can be used to jump to a line in the instruction list. In those cases the operator JMP and a label in front of the line to go to is used as it is shown in the following example: LD value1 EQ INT#100 JMPC label LD value2 ADD value3 ST value4 label: LD %IX2.2 In the example, a jump from the last line to the first line is done if var2 is true. 9.4. Calling functions or function blocks )XQFWLRQV can be called in an instruction list by placing the function name in the operator field. In the following an example of calling a function with three input parameters and one output parameter is shown: LD inpar1 ABB Automation 63

1MRS751903-MEN 9. Editing in IL 9.5. Saving the contents function name inpar2, inpar3 ST var1 The input parameter, which is declared at first in the variable declaration, has to be loaded in the first line of the function call. In the example, the first input parameter is inpar1. All other input parameters have to be used in the second line as operands separated by commas. The result is stored to the variable var1 as it is shown in the last line of the example. This way either standard functions or user defined functions can be called. )XQFWLRQEORFNV can be called using the operator CAL and the name of the function block in the operand field. Calling a function block needs more typing effort than calling a function. For the next section, let us imagine a function block with two input parameters inpar1 and inpar2 and two output parameters outpar1 and outpar2. The function block is called FB_exam. Its instance name is instance. A function block call consists of three parts: input parameter introduction, the proper call and calculating the output parameters. A call of the function block using the instance name FB_exam is shown in the following example: LD var1 ST FB_exam.inpar1 LD var2 ST FB_exam.inpar2 CAL FB_exam ST FB_exam.outpar1 ST var3 LD FB_exam.outpar2 ST var4 The proper function block call is composed of the operator CAL and the instance name of the function block. Do not forget to declare the instance of the function block in the variable declaration of the POU as it is described in the chapter Declaring variables and user defined data types on page 35. While you are editing you should regularly save the changes you have done. In case of a power failure or other events, you risk loss of data if you do not save your work. In, you can save every time the changes of the current worksheet. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 6DYLQJWKHFKDQJHVRIWKHFXUUHQWZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon 'Save' in the toolbar. The worksheet is saved. 64 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 9. Editing in IL 6DYLQJWKHFKDQJHVRIWKHFXUUHQWZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <CTRL> + <S>. The worksheet is saved. 9.6. Exiting the worksheet If you have finished editing the worksheet, you can close the worksheet. A dialog appears where you can enter if you want to save your changes or not. For saving and exiting all opened worksheets choose the menu item Close all in the submenu File. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ ([LWLQJWKHZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the submenu File. The submenu appears. 2. Do a left mouse click on the menu item Close. The dialog Relay Configuration Tool: editor name appears. ([LWLQJWKHZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <CTRL> + <F4>. The dialog : editor name appears. 9 )LJ 'LDORJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROHGLWRUQDPHIRUZRUNVKHHW,/B)% 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROeditor name 1. Press the button Yes to exit the worksheet with saving the changes. 2. Press the button No to exit the worksheet without saving the changes. ABB Automation 65

1MRS751903-MEN 9. Editing in IL 66 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 10. Compiling 10. Compiling 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Inserting configurations, resources and tasks in the project tree. Assigning programs to tasks. Compiling the project. 10.1. Inserting configurations, resources and tasks The project tree normally has one configuration, one resource and one task if you create a new project. It is possible to insert new configurations, resources or tasks using the project tree editor. The steps to be done are almost the same independent if you are inserting configurations, resources or tasks. For the next steps, let us assume that you want to insert a new resource called 'res_2' for REF541 as processor type. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJDQHZUHVRXUFHZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon 'Resource name' in the project tree to mark it. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon 'Insert' in the toolbar. The dialog 'Insert' appears. 10,QVHUWLQJDQHZUHVRXUFHZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon 'Resource name' in the project tree. 2. Press <INS>. The dialog 'Insert' appears. )LJ 'LDORJ,QVHUW The easiest way to insert new configurations or tasks is just marking the corresponding icon in the project tree and then repeating the same steps as described above. ABB Automation 67

1MRS751903-MEN 10. Compiling 10.2. Associating programs to tasks If you have inserted a new resource, you have to insert one or several tasks. For the next steps, let us assume that you have inserted the task DEFAULT in res_2, following the steps described above. The next step to be done before compiling is to associate programs to tasks. This means deciding in which task a program is processed. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ $VVRFLDWLQJDSURJUDPWRDWDVNZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon of the task in the project tree. 2. Do a left mouse click on the icon Insert in the toolbar. The dialog Insert appears. $VVRFLDWLQJDSURJUDPWRDWDVNZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon of the task in the project tree. 2. Press <INS>. The dialog Insert appears. )LJ 'LDORJ,QVHUW 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ,QVHUW 1. Activate the radio button Program. 2. Enter the instance name of the program in the field Program instance. 3. Choose the name of the program, which is contained in the list box Program type. 4. Confirm the dialog. The icon of the program is inserted in the project tree. If you have declared variables as VAR_EXTERNAL in your worksheets do not forget to declare them as VAR_GLOBAL in the global variable declaration of your new resource. 10.3. Compiling the project Compiling means translating and transforming the contents of the worksheets in special code, which can be read by your PLC. In, you have several possibilities for compiling either the whole project or only parts of it. In the next section only the way how to compile the changes you have done is described. 68 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 10. Compiling The other possibilities are described in the context-sensitive help for Relay Configuration Tool. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &RPSLOLQJWKHFKDQJHVZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Make in the toolbar. The working box for compiling appears. &RPSLOLQJWKHFKDQJHVZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <ALT> + <M>. The submenu Make is opened. 2. Press <M>. The working box for compiling appears. )LJ :RUNLQJER[IRUFRPSLOLQJ The compilation process is done in several phases, which can be seen in the working box. In the figure above the phase of the POU linker is shown. If the compilation process has been finished without detecting programming errors, the working box disappears and in the statusbar the message Code generation successful is displayed. 10 In most cases while compiling for a first time, the different compilers detect programming errors, such as a variable name, which has been used twice or typing errors. In those cases a message box with the number of detected errors appears. If you confirm the message box the user error list is displayed on your screen as it is shown in the following figure: )LJ 8VHUHUURUOLVWZLWKVRPHHUURUPHVVDJHV In most cases you can do a left mouse double click on the error in the user error list to go directly into the worksheet where the programming error occurred. The line or the object with the programming error is marked. You can also mark the error and press <F1> to get the corresponding help topic, with information about the cause of the error and what steps have to be done now. ABB Automation 69

1MRS751903-MEN 10. Compiling Having corrected the first error you can press <F7> to go directly to the worksheet with the next error. 70 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelayout 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelayout 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Calling the pagelayout editor. Creating pagelayouts. Editing pagelayouts. Editing environment items. Assigning the pagelayout to the project. Printing the project. 11.1. Calling the pagelayout editor The first step before editing a pagelayout is to call the pagelayout editor. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &DOOLQJWKHSDJHOD\RXWHGLWRUZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Choose the menu item 'Pagelayout...' in the submenu 'File'. The pagelayout editor is opened. &DOOLQJWKHSDJHOD\RXWHGLWRUZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <ALT> + <F>. The submenu 'File' is opened. 2. Press <Y>. The pagelayout editor is opened. 11 ABB Automation 71

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelay- )LJ 3DJHOD\RXWHGLWRUZLWKGHIDXOWSDJHOD\RXW The pagelayout editor is normally opened with the default pagelayout. If you have already assigned a pagelayout to the active window, the assigned pagelayout is opened. 11.2. Creating a new pagelayout If you do not want to use the default pagelayout you can create a new pagelayout. This operation is described in the following section. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ &UHDWLQJDQHZSDJHOD\RXWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Choose the menu item New in the submenu File. The pagelayout editor with the pagelayout untitled is opened. &UHDWLQJDQHZSDJHOD\RXWZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <ALT> + <F>. The submenu File is opened. 2. Press <N>. The pagelayout editor with the pagelayout untitled is opened. 72 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelayout )LJ 3DJHOD\RXWHGLWRUZLWKDQHZSDJHOD\RXW 11 11.3. Editing the pagelayout Having created a new pagelayout you should first define the area where you want to place the contents of the worksheets. This area is called source area and is represented with a red rectangle. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 'HILQLQJWKHVRXUFHDUHDZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Source area in the toolbar. A rectangle is added to the shape of the cursor. 2. Press the left mouse button and keep it pressed. 3. Move the mouse drawing a rectangle. 4. Release the mouse button. The source area is drawn. 'HILQLQJWKHVRXUFHDUHDZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <S>. A rectangle is added to the shape of the cursor. 2. Press <SPACE> and keep it pressed. 3. Press the cursor keys to move to the position where you want to be the opposite corner of the rectangle. 4. Release <SPACE>. The source area is drawn. ABB Automation 73

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelay- )LJ 3DJHOD\RXWZLWKWKHQHZVRXUFHDUHD In, it is possible to insert more different objects on your pagelayout, such as rectangles, lines or texts. For the next steps let us imagine that you want to insert a horizontal line at the bottom of the page. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ,QVHUWLQJDOLQHZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Line in the toolbar. A line is added to the shape of the cursor. 2. Press the left mouse button and keep it pressed. 3. Move the mouse drawing a line. 4. Release the mouse button. The line is drawn.,qvhuwlqjdolqhzlwkwkhnh\erdug 1. Press <I>. A line is added to the shape of the cursor. 2. Press <SPACE> and keep it pressed. 3. Press the cursor keys to move to the position where you want the line to end. 4. Release <SPACE>. The line is drawn. Your screen should look like the following figure now: 74 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelayout )LJ 3DJHOD\RXWXQWLWOHGZLWKVRXUFHDUHDDQGRQHOLQH The ways how rectangles, texts and bitmaps can be inserted in the pagelayout are described in the context-sensitive help for. 11 11.4. Editing environment items Other kind of objects which can be inserted in a pagelayout are environment items. Environment items are placeholders for e.g. page numbers the company name or other kind of texts. In, several standard environment items are available which are called system items. Furthermore, it is possible to create user defined environment items and to add them to the list of standard environment items. Having edited the environment items, you can insert them in the pagelayout. For the next sections, let us assume that you want to add a new environment item to the standard items, which is called name and has got the text Smith. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ (GLWLQJHQYLURQPHQWLWHPVZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Environment items in the toolbar. A T is added to the shape of the cursor. 2. Do a left mouse click in the editing field where you want to insert the environment item. The dialog Settings Environment Text appears. (GLWLQJHQYLURQPHQWLWHPVZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <E>. A T is added to the shape of the cursor. ABB Automation 75

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelay- 2. Press the cursor keys to go to the position where you want to insert the environment item. 3. Press <SPACE>. The dialog Settings Environment Text appears. )LJ 'LDORJ6HWWLQJV(QYLURQPHQW7H[W 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ6HWWLQJV(QYLURQPHQW7H[WIRUHGLWLQJHQYLURQPHQW LWHPV 1. Press the button Config.... The dialog Environment setting appears. )LJ 'LDORJ(QYLURQPHQWVHWWLQJ 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ(QYLURQPHQWVHWWLQJ 1. Press the button Add. The line above the list box is activated. 76 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelayout 2. Enter <name> in the field Item. 3. Enter <Smith> in the field Assigned Text. 4. Choose the scope of the item. 5. Confirm the dialog. The dialog Settings Environment Text appears and the new item is shown in the list box. )LJ 'LDORJ6HWWLQJV(QYLURQPHQW7H[WZLWKWKHQHZLWHP 11 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ6HWWLQJV(QYLURQPHQW7H[WIRULQVHUWLQJWKHLWHP 1. Press the button Font... to choose a new font or fontsize if you want. 2. Confirm the dialog. The placeholder with the name of the item is inserted in the pagelayout. Your screen should look like the following figure: ABB Automation 77

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelay- )LJ 3DJHOD\RXWXQWLWOHGZLWKWKHQHZHQYLURQPHQWLWHP The system items and more possibilities how to modify or delete existing items are explained in the context-sensitive help for. To view the contents of the placeholder you can use preview. Preview and the way how to use it is explained in the context-sensitive help. 11.5. Saving the contents While you are editing you should regularly save the changes you have done. In case of a power failure or other events, you risk loss of data if you do not save your work. For the next steps, let us assume that you want to save the pagelayout untitled with the name sample. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 6DYLQJWKHFKDQJHVRIWKHSDJHOD\RXWXQWLWOHGZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon Save in the toolbar. The dialog Save as appears. 6DYLQJWKHFKDQJHVRIWKHSDJHOD\RXWXQWLWOHGZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <CTRL> + <S>. The dialog Save as appears. 2. Enter <sample> as the name for the pagelayout. For saving and exiting all opened worksheets choose the menu item Close all in the submenu File. 78 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 11.6. Exiting the worksheet 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelayout If you have finished editing the pagelayout you can close the worksheet. A dialog appears where you can enter if you want to save your changes or not. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ ([LWLQJWKHSDJHOD\RXWHGLWRUZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the submenu File. The submenu appears. 2. Do a left mouse click on the menu item Close. The dialog Relay Configuration Tool: editor name appears. ([LWLQJWKHSDJHOD\RXWHGLWRUZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press <CTRL> + <F4>. The dialog : editor name appears. )LJ 'LDORJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROHGLWRUQDPHIRUSDJHOD\RXWHU 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ5HOD\&RQILJXUDWLRQ7RROeditor name 11 1. Press the button Yes to exit the worksheet with saving the changes. 2. Press the button No to exit the worksheet without saving the changes. 11.7. Assigning the pagelayout to the project Having edited your pagelayout you have to assign it to the project tree or worksheets. If you do not assign it the whole project is going to be printed with the default pagelayout. For the next steps, let us assume that you want to assign the pagelayout to one worksheet. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ $VVLJQLQJWKHSDJHOD\RXWWRDZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a right mouse double click on the icon of the worksheet in the project tree. The dialog Properties appears. $VVLJQLQJWKHSDJHOD\RXWWRDZRUNVKHHWZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon of the worksheet. 2. Press <ALT> + < >. The dialog Properties appears. ABB Automation 79

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelay- )LJ 'LDORJ3URSHUWLHVIRUWKHZRUNVKHHW,/B)% 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ3URSHUWLHVIRUDVVLJQLQJDSDJHOD\RXW 1. Press Print Options.... The dialog Print Options appears. )LJ 'LDORJ3ULQW2SWLRQV 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ3ULQW2SWLRQV 1. Choose or enter the name of the pagelayout you want to assign. 2. Confirm the dialog. It is possible to assign a different pagelayout to each worksheet. To assign a pagelayout to the project tree mark the project icon at the top of the project tree, call the properties dialog and press the button Print Options. 11.8. Printing the project Having assigned pagelayouts to the project tree or worksheets you can print your project. For printing, you have several possibilities. You can print either the content 80 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelayout of the active window, e.g. a worksheet in the graphic editor or the project tree in the project tree editor, or you can print whole POUs or the whole project. It is not possible to print libraries. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 3ULQWLQJWKHFRQWHQWRIWKHDFWLYHZLQGRZZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Make sure that the project tree editor is the active window. 2. Choose the menu item Print in the submenu File. The project tree is printed. 3ULQWLQJWKHFRQWHQWRIWKHDFWLYHZLQGRZZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Make sure that the project tree editor is the active window. 2. Press <ALT> + <F>. The submenu File is opened. 3. Press <P>. The project tree is printed. To print the contents of worksheets just make sure that the corresponding worksheet is the active window and choose the menu item Print in the submenu File. For printing a whole POU or project, you have to do different steps. For the next section, let us assume that you want to print all worksheets of one POU. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 3ULQWLQJDOOZRUNVKHHWVRIRQH328ZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the icon of the POU to mark it. 2. Choose the menu item Print Project... in the submenu File. Choose the menu item Print Project... in the submenu File. 11 3ULQWLQJDOOZRUNVKHHWVRIRQH328ZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Press < > or < > to mark the icon of the POU. 2. Press <ALT> + <F>. The submenu File is opened. 3. Press <J>. The dialog Print Project appears. ABB Automation 81

1MRS751903-MEN 11. Printing your project with a stylish pagelay- )LJ 'LDORJ3ULQW3URMHFW 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ3ULQW3URMHFW 1. Activate the radio button Marked units. 2. Activate the radio button hierarchical if you have inserted an environment item PAGES in your pagelayout and if you want to have hierarchical page numbers. 3. Activate the check box Table of Contents if you want to print a table of contents. 4. Choose the pagelayout for the table of contents if necessary. 5. Confirm the dialog. To print the whole project, activate the radio button All and confirm the dialog. 82 ABB Automation

1MRS751903-MEN 12. Making a backup of your project files 7KLVFKDSWHUSURYLGHVLQIRUPDWLRQDERXW Zipping project files. Unzipping project files. 12.1. Zipping the project files 12. Making a backup of your project files In you have the possibility to zip all project files into one archive file. Project files are all files that are necessary for a project, e.g. the project file 'projectname.pwt', the files with the code bodies and variable declarations and some internal files. Files, which are created during compilation, are optionally zipped, because they can be rebuilt using 'Build Project'. It is recommended to zip your files regularly, e.g. once a day, and to save your archive on a floppy disk to make sure that no loss of data occurs. For the next steps, let us assume that you want to zip a project named 'Project' into an archive file called 'proarch'. Archive files have the extension 'zwt'. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ =LSSLQJWKHSURMHFWILOHVZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Do a left mouse click on the menu item 'Zip/Unzip Project...' in the submenu 'File'. The dialog 'Zip/Unzip Project' appears. =LSSLQJWKHSURMHFWILOHVZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. The dialog 'Zip/Unzip Project' appears. The submenu 'File' is opened. 2. Press <Z>. The dialog 'Zip/Unzip Project' appears. 12 )LJ 'LDORJ=LS8Q]LS3URMHFW ABB Automation 83

1MRS751903-MEN 12. Making a backup of your project files 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ=LS8Q]LS3URMHFW 1. Enter <proarch.zwt> as the name of the archive file. 2. Change the directory if you want to. 3. Enter the path and the name of the library if you want to zip it. 4. Activate the check box Zip User-Libraries if you want to zip the library. 5. Activate the check box Frontend-Code if you want to zip the compilation files. 6. Press <Zip> to start the zipping process. The working box for zipping appears. 7. Confirm the message box after zipping. 12.2. Unzipping the project files For unzipping an archive file nearly the same steps have to be done. 1RZLWLV\RXUWXUQ 8Q]LSSLQJDQDUFKLYHILOHZLWKWKHPRXVH 1. Open a project. 2. Do a left mouse click on the menu item Zip/Unzip Project... in the submenu File. The dialog Zip/Unzip Project appears. 8Q]LSSLQJDQDUFKLYHILOHZLWKWKHNH\ERDUG 1. Open a project. 2. Press <ALT> + <F>. The submenu File is opened. 3. Press <Z>. The dialog Zip/Unzip Project appears. )LJ 'LDORJ=LS8Q]LS3URMHFW 8VLQJWKHGLDORJ=LS8Q]LS3URMHFW 1. Enter <proarch.zwt> as the name of the archive file. 2. Press <Unzip> to start the unzipping process. The working box for unzipping appears. 84 ABB Automation